Moh Dahlan
State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Bengkulu

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Journal : Analisis: Jurnal Studi Keislaman

HUBUNGAN AGAMA DAN NEGARA DI INDONESIA Dahlan, Moh
ANALISIS: Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG

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Abstract

AbstrakHubungan antara agama dan negara menjadi wacana aktual dan dinamis dalam setiap fase perkembangan peradaban baik di dunia Barat maupun di dunia Timur. Perdebatan tersebut berkisar pada masalah bentuk negara, apakah bersifat integral, simbiotik ataukah sekuler. Berangkat dari wacana tersebut, kajian ini meneliti eksistensi hubungan antara agama (Islam) dan negara di Indonesia. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah hermeneutika Martin Heidegger, sedangkan metode kajian yang digunakan adalah metode komparatif. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara historis-normatif, Nabi saw. telah merumuskan Negara Madinah berdasarkan Piagam Madinah yang spiritnya berdasarkan nash al-Qur’an, bukan negara Islam yang berdasarkan pada al-Qur’an secara literal. Para ulama yang menjadi pendiri negara Indonesia juga telah merumuskan Pancasila -sebagaimana termaktub dalam Pembukaan UUD-NKRI 1945- sebagai bangunan ideal dalam membangun relasi agama dan negara di Indonesia, sehingga agama dan negara dapat berkembang secara dinamis-dialektis. Susbtansi norma agama diterapkan setelah diundangkan dan sesuai Pancasila dan UUD-NRI Tahun 1945. Oleh sebab itu, hubungan antara agama dan negara yang ideal dapat dibangun berdasarkan tipologi simbiotik ataupun dinamis-dialektis.Kata Kunci: Negara; Agama; Kemajemukan; Pancasila. AbstractRELIGION AND STATE RELATIONS IN INDONESIA: The relationship between religion and the state has become the actual and dynamic discourse in every phase of the civilization development, both in the West and the East. The discourse mainly focuses on the form of the state whether integral, symbiotic or secular. Departing from the discourse, this study examines the relationship between religion (Islam) and the state in Indonesia. The approach used is Martin Heidegger’s hermeneutics, while the assessment method used is the comparative method. The results of this study indicate that the Prophet, historically and normatively, had formulated the Medina State based on the Medina Charter which its spirit was based on the Qur’an, not based on the Quran literally. By the same line, the Muslim scholars who became the founder of the Indonesian State had also formulated Pancasila- as it was set forth in the Preamble of the NKRI’s 1945 Constitution – as an ideal foundation in establishing the dynamic and dialectical relationship between religion and state in Indonesia. The substance of religious norms was applied after the promulgation of, and in accordance with, Pancasila and the NKRI’s 1945 Constitution. The relationship between religion and the state, therefore, can be built based on the symbiotic or dynamic-dialectical typology.Keywords: State; Religion; Pluralism; Pancasila.
PARADIGMA IJTIHAD FIQH MINORITAS DI INDONESIA Dahlan, Moh
Analisis : Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 12, No 1 (2012): Analisis: Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : IAIN Raden Intan Lampung

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Abstract

Indonesia is a famously religious nation that has a high-level of plurality in many aspects of race/ethnicity, religion, belief, language, customs, political thoughts, economic, cultural and ideological. All these could potentially contribute conflict and tension between different groups if the attitude of extreme and formalistic  logic of fiqh flourished. This paper tryies to emphasize the importance of fiqh aqalliyah in the era of pluralism to organize the life among different religious believers in which religious conflict has often been the case due to double standards and the Islamic militant movement. By means of Kuhn’s shifting paradigm approach, this paper reveals that Muslims need to formulate a shifting paradigm of ijtihad, namely from fiqh aglabiyah   (majority fiqh) to fiqh aqalliyah (minority fiqh), where Muslims can protect non- Muslim minorities and also capable of providing the space for life of Muslims  in the non-Muslim  majority.  Thus, this paper develops  the nature of  paradigm of the fiqh aqalliyah of M. Amin Abdullah, who is only focused on the aspect of giving space to Muslims living in non- Muslim territory. In his presentation, the author emphasizes the need for re-reading  (re-interpret)   the old discourse  of fiqh and submit a new one drafted on the reading of religious texts based on universal religious values such as the conception of  qat}‘i>-z}anni> as proposed by Masdar F. Mas‘udi.
HUBUNGAN AGAMA DAN NEGARA DI INDONESIA Dahlan, Moh
Analisis : Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol 14, No 1 (2014): Analisis : Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : IAIN Raden Intan Lampung

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Abstract

RELIGION  AND  STATE  RELATIONS  IN  INDONESIA:  The relationship   between   religion  and  the  state   has  become  the actual  and dynamic discourse in every phase of the civilization development, both in the West and the East. The discourse mainly focuses on the form of the state  whether  integral,  symbiotic  or secular.  Departing  from the  discourse,  this  study  examines  the relationship  between religion (Islam) and the state  in Indonesia. The approach used is Martin Heidegger’s hermeneutics, while the assessment method used is the comparative method. The results of this study indicate that the Prophet, historically and normatively, had formulated  the Medina State  based on the Medina Charter which its spirit was  based on the Qur’an, not based on the Quran literally. By the same line, the Muslim scholars who became the founder of the Indonesian State had also formulated Pancasila- as it was set forth in the Preamble of the NKRI’s 1945 Constitution – as an ideal foundation in establishing the dynamic and dialectical relationship between religion and state in Indonesia. The substance of religious norms was applied after the promulgation  of, and in accordance  with,  Pancasila  and the  NKRI’s  1945 Constitution. The relationship between religion and the state, therefore, can be built based on the symbiotic or dynamic-dialectical typology.