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ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIINFEKSI PADA INFEKSI OPORTUNISTIK PASIEN HIV/AIDS RAWAT INAP DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Rachmawati, Sinta
STOMATOGNATIC- Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 10, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

HIV / AIDS patients are prone to get opportunistic infections because of their low immunity level. The unappropriate treatment of opportunistic infections may result in morbidity and mortality. The research was carried out to analyze the use of anti-infective in the hospital. The study used a non-experimental and descriptive methods retrospectively from patient medical records. A total of 79 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively. Suitability analysis based on the CDC and WHO guideline. Suitability analysis of drugs according to WHO and CDC in the case of TB / tuberculosis, candidiasis, pneumonia, PCP / Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, (hepatitis C, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B, meningitis, CMV infection / Cytomegalovirus consecutively were 95.2%, 96.8%, 64.3%, 81.8%. Suitability candidiasis dose and frequency according to the CDC : nystatin: underdose (81.8%), overdose (2.3%); fluconazole: appropriate dose (20.5%), underdose (4.5%), overdose (72.7%); itraconazole: underdose (100%), according to WHO: nystatin: appropriate dose (40.9%), overdose (43.2%); fluconazole: appropriate dose (50%), underdose (50%); ketoconazole: appropriate dose (100%). Suitability choice of drugs on pneumonia, according to the CDC: beta-lactams (78.6%), macrolides (100%), quinolones (50%). Suitability of doses and frequency of the PCP: cotrimoxazole, underdose (100%).

Medication profile and potential drug interactions in diabetes mellitus with hypertension outpatient at RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor Sinta Rachmawati; Fania Pratiwi; Ika Norcahyanti
Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi 2022: Special Issue
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/jif.specialissue2022.art8

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia. It occurs due to impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is often accompanied by complications, one of which is hypertension, so that drug interactions cannot be avoided.Objective: This study aimed to determine the medication profile and potential drug interactions in diabetes mellitus outpatient with hypertension at RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor.Method: It was a descriptive study. The data was obtained from diabetes with hypertension outpatient in three months (October-December 2020). To analyze potential drug interaction, used drugs.com, Medscape and Stockley for literature.Results: The medication profile showed that insulin aspart (43.84%) and the combination of candesartan and amlodipine (52.05%) were the most used drugs. The most common potential drug interactions were found between insulin and candesartan (73.34%) with moderate severity.Conclusion: Insulin aspart was the most used of antidiabetic. Candesartan plus amlodipine was the most widely used antihypertensive. Both types of drugs (insulin and candesartan) have the potential for drug interactions.Keywords: antidiabetic, antihypertensive, drug interactionIntisari Latar belakang: Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia yang disebabkan adanya gangguan sekresi insulin, kerja insulin, ataupun keduanya. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronis yang sering disertai komplikasi, salah satunya hipertensi, sehingga kejadian interaksi obat tidak dapat dielakkan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil pengobatan dan potensi interaksi obat pada pasien rawat jalan yang didiagnosis diabetes melitus komplikasi hipertensi di RSUD dr. H. Andi Abdurrahman Noor.Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Data diperoleh dari lembar resep pasien rawat jalan yang didiagnosis diabetes dengan komplikasi hipertensi selama 3 bulan (Oktober-Desember 2020). Analisis potensi interaksi obat menggunakan sumber drugs.com, Medscape dan Stockley sebagai rujukan.Hasil: Profil pengobatan menunjukkan insulin aspart (43,84%) serta kombinasi kandesartan dan amlodipin (52,05%) merupakan obat-obatan yang paling banyak digunakan. Potensi interaksi obat yang paling banyak ditemukan terjadi antara insulin dengan kandesartan sebesar 73,34% dengan tingkat keparahan sedang.Kesimpulan:Insulin aspart adalah antidiabetes yang paling banyak digunakan, sedangkan kandesartan yang dikombinasi dengan amlodipin merupakan antihipertensi yang paling banyak digunakan. Kedua jenis obat tersebut (insulin dan kandesartan) memiliki potensi interaksi obat.Kata kunci : antidiabetes, antihipertensi, interaksi obat

Efektivitas CBIA-Narkoba dalam Peningkatan Pengetahuan Remaja untuk Menolak Narkoba Sinta Rachmawati; Sri Suryawati; Rustamaji Rustamaji
Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia Vol. 14 No. 4: DESEMBER 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar

Drug abuse is still a major health problem in Indonesia. The lecture method is one of the most widely usedto provide information, including drug. CBIA (Community Based Interactive Approach) drug is an alternativeeducational method that involves small group discussion. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of CBIA-Drugcompared with lecture method in improving youth knowledge to resist drug. Quasi experimental with pre test-posttest control group design was used in this study. It involved 30 respondents for CBIA-Drug group, 30 respondentsfor intervention group and 30 respondents for control group. Mutivariate statistical analysis (kruskall wallis)was used to evaluate the effectiveness of CBIA-Drug. There was a significance value at post test 1 for each group(p<0.05). It means that CBIA-Drug is more effective in improving youth knowledge to resist drug than lecturemethod.

Mothers levels of knowledge of self-medication of diarrhea for under-five children in Kaliwates, Jember Inasa Hazrina; Sinta Rachmawati; Ema Rachmawati
Media Farmasi: Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi Vol 19, No 1: March 2022
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Diarrhea is the fifth-highest cause of death in under-five children worldwide, and it is preventable. Mild diarrhea can be treated by self-medication. In this case, mothers have an important role in handling diarrhea in children. This study aims to determine the level of mothers knowledge self-medication in diarrhea to treat under-five children in Kaliwates District, Jember. This study used an observational study design with a cross-sectional approach. The data were collected in 11 integrated healthcare centers in 3 community health centers in Kaliwates District. The research respondents were 348 mothers. Before being distributed, the questionnaire was tested to explore its validity and reliability. This questionnaire was employed to assess the mothers' level of knowledge of self-medication for infants. The data were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test and Fisher Exact. The results showed that the mothers have a sufficient of knowledge level self-treatment of diarrhea for infants. There is a significant relationship between age, recent education, employment, family income, number of children, number of adult family members, information sources, and educational experience (p < 0.05). This study suggests the importance of providing interventions to improve mothers knowledge of self-medication of diarrhea.

UPAYA PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PADA PELAJAR SMAN 1 BANTUL TENTANG PENCEGAHAN PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA DENGAN INTERVENSI CBIA-NARKOBA Sinta Rachmawati
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 12 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Jember

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AbstractBackground: Prevention programme of drug abuse in adolescents can be done in a schoolsetting. Evidence-based interventions is a must to guarantee the effectiveness of the methods.CBIA (Community Based Interactive Approach) is educational method based on interactiveapproach. It was proved to enhance health knowledge in community setting. CBIA-Drugs wasadopted from CBIA to improve knowledge of high school students to resist drugs.Objective: The objective of this study was to measure the effectiveness of CBIA-Drugs.Method: It was a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group design. Eachgroup of CBIA-Drugs and control consisted of 30 respondents. The relationship betweenvariables was analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank and Mann Whitney, used 5% level ofconfidence.Result: The results of this study found that there were significant differences in pretest andposttest of knowledge on CBIA-Drugs group (p <0.05). It was concluded that knowledge wereimproved after intervention. CBIA-Drugs were able to maintain the consistency of theincreasing knowledge three weeks after the intervention. Keywords: Knowledge, CBIA, Drugs

ANALISIS KESESUAIAN PENGGUNAAN ANTIINFEKSI PADA INFEKSI OPORTUNISTIK PASIEN HIV/AIDS RAWAT INAP DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA Sinta Rachmawati
STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Vol 10 No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

HIV / AIDS patients are prone to get opportunistic infections because of their low immunity level. The unappropriate treatment of opportunistic infections may result in morbidity and mortality. The research was carried out to analyze the use of anti-infective in the hospital. The study used a non-experimental and descriptive methods retrospectively from patient medical records. A total of 79 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed descriptively. Suitability analysis based on the CDC and WHO guideline. Suitability analysis of drugs according to WHO and CDC in the case of TB / tuberculosis, candidiasis, pneumonia, PCP / Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, (hepatitis C, toxoplasmosis, hepatitis B, meningitis, CMV infection / Cytomegalovirus consecutively were 95.2%, 96.8%, 64.3%, 81.8%. Suitability candidiasis dose and frequency according to the CDC : nystatin: underdose (81.8%), overdose (2.3%); fluconazole: appropriate dose (20.5%), underdose (4.5%), overdose (72.7%); itraconazole: underdose (100%), according to WHO: nystatin: appropriate dose (40.9%), overdose (43.2%); fluconazole: appropriate dose (50%), underdose (50%); ketoconazole: appropriate dose (100%). Suitability choice of drugs on pneumonia, according to the CDC: beta-lactams (78.6%), macrolides (100%), quinolones (50%). Suitability of doses and frequency of the PCP: cotrimoxazole, underdose (100%).

Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Anak Rawat Inap di RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember: Evaluation of Antibiotic Use For Pediatric at RSD Dr. Soebandi Jember Sinta Rachmawati; Dewi Khurmi Masito; Ema Rachmawati
Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2020): (October 2020)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Infection is one of the health problems. It is mostly caused by bacteria. The increased incidence of bacterial infection results in higher antibiotic use. It can lead to antibiotic resistance risk. Antibiotic resistance may occur in pediatric patients. Morbidity, mortality, and high cost of medication are impact of this condition. Evaluation of antibiotic use needs to be done to ensure responsible use of antibiotics. ATCD/DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical/ Defined Daily Dose) method can be used to evaluate antibiotic use quantitatively. ATC classification is a system of grouping active substances according to their location of action and DDD is a measurement system that is connected to the ATC code.The purpose of this study was determining the profile of antibiotic use and measuring quantitative evaluation with ATC/DDD method in pediatric patients. The data was collected by observing the hospital medical record. The results of this study showed that cephalosporin (46,22%) was the most used group and cefotaxime (31,15%) was the most used type of antibiotic. While, the quantitative evaluation with ATC/DDD method indicated that the highest of antibiotic use was ceftriaxone (11,30 DDD/100 patient days) and the lowest was amikacin (0,03 DDD/100 patient days).

Gambaran Penggunaan Antibiotik di Bangsal Penyakit Dalam RSUD Bangil Kabupaten Pasuruan Sinta Rachmawati; Rizki Laili Fazeri; Ika Norcahyanti
JPSCR: Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Clinical Research Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat akan berdampak terhadap terjadinya resistansi. Oleh karena itu, studi penggunaan antibiotik perlu dilakukan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan, termasuk rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan antibiotik di bangsal penyakit dalam Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Bangil Kabupaten Pasuruan dengan menggunakan metode Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/Defined Daily Dose (DDD). ATC/DDD adalah metode perhitungan penggunaan antibiotik secara kuantitatif yang direkomendasikan oleh World Health Organization (WHO). Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif menggunakan sumber data excel berupa rekapitulasi rekam medik. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien rawat inap dewasa di bangsal penyakit dalam sepanjang tahun 2017. Sejumlah 973 data dari keseluruhan populasi memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Analisis data dilakukan berdasarkan pada karakteristik pasien, profil antibiotik dan perhitungan kuantitatif dengan metode ATC/DDD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa golongan antibiotik yang paling banyak digunakan adalah golongan sefalosporin sebesar 51,41%, sedangkan jenis antibiotik yang paling banyak diresepkan yaitu ceftriaxone dengan jumlah sebesar 25,86%. DDD/100 patient-days tertingi adalah ceftriaxone dengan nilai 27,79 DDD/100 patient-days. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan menggunakan metode Gyssens untuk mengetahui rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik.

Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Dewasa Rawat Inap di Puskesmas Sumbersari Jember dengan Metode ATC/DDD 2018 Mohamad Nor Zaenudin; Ema Rachmawati; Sinta Rachmawati
Pustaka Kesehatan Vol 11 No 3 (2023): Volume 11 No.3, 2023
Publisher : UPT Percetakan dan Penerbitan Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/pk.v11i3.16616

Antibiotics are the most widely used drugs for bacterial infectious diseases. Irrational use of antibiotics affects the increase in morbidity and mortality, resistance, and cost burden. One method that can be used to overcome the problem of resistance is to evaluate the use of antibiotics. This study aims to evaluate the use of antibiotics in the Sumbersari Puskesmas in 2018 which was conducted quantitatively using the ATC / DDD (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical / Defined Daily Dose) method. This study uses a cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective data on adult patients undergoing hospitalization. Data on antibiotic use was obtained from 455 medical records for the 2018 period. Data taken included patient profiles, diagnosis, and antibiotic prescribing. The quantity of antibiotic use was calculated by the DDD 100 patient-days formula and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the disease most commonly suffered by adult patients was typhoid (30.5%). Besides, there are 7 types of antibiotics prescribed with a total DDD value of 36.93 DDD / 100 patient-days. The highest DDD value is ceftriaxone with a DDD value of 16.90 DDD / 100 patient-days.

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