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Bom bunuh diri dalam fatwa kontemporer Yusuf al-Qaradawi dan relevansinya dengan maqasid al-Shari’ah Busyro Busyro
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 16, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v16i1.85-103

All contemporary fatwas Yusuf al-Qaradawi in his book Min Hadyi al-Islam Fatawa Mu’ashirah was believed by the writer it made succeed maqasid al-shari’ah. When we see the fatwa in the book, some of fatwa indicate contradiction with maqasid al-shari’ah which is agreed by most of islamic scholars, such as his fatwa about suicide bombing according to this problem, the axamination will ask after; how is law of thinking al-Qaradawi with suicide bombing? And how to aplicate the theory of maqasid al-shari’ah in al-Qaradawi’s fatwa in suicide bombing? To answer the question, this examination tried to trial to the fatwa al-Qaradawi about it in the book by seeing the connected with theory of maqasid al-shari’ah which is agreed by most of islamic scholars. For that the theory about maqasid al-shari’ah will be tested comprehensively, particulary to save al-daruriyat al-khams (five of human fundamental needs). The data has been collected and will be analysed qualitatively. The result of this examination made succeed the answer that al-Qaradawi pleases the action of suicide bombing specially for the fighters of Palestine to make fear and terrorist to Israel; and his fatwa opposite with maqasid al-shari’ah which believed the legitimate by most of islamic scholars.

Kawin Maupah: an Obligation to Get Married After Talak Tiga in the Tradition of Binjai Village in Pasaman District: a Maqasid al-Shari’ah Review Eko Saputra; Busyro Busyro
QIJIS Vol 6, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : IAIN Kudus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/qijis.v6i2.3738

Allah SWT hates divorce the most even though He still allows us to do it. If the repudiation (talaq) has been conducted three times, the husband and wife should not reconcile unless the ex-wife marries another man (muḥallil) and has been divorced by her second husband after having an intercourse as a husband and wife. In contrast, there is an obligation for married couples who have been separated because of the third talaq to remarry in Nagari Binjai. This obligation is based on the belief that this is a religious obligation that must be followed by the tradition. The separation because of the third talaq is believed to bring disaster to the village and the subjects will suffer in present life and will not smell the heaven aroma in the hereafter. Even though kawin maupah tradition is maslahah and permissible by some Islamic scholars, it still requires the husband and wife to conduct intercourse prior to the divorce. The maslahah of the kawin maupah is contrary to the Prophet’s guidance, since there is no sexual intercourse in this payment-ordered marriage. Therefore, the practice of kawin maupah by the Nagari Binjai community does not fulfill the qaṣd al-Syâri’ and maqâṣid al-aṣliyah which should be actualized in the maqâṣid al-syarî'ah’s theory.

Eksistensi ‘Illat dalam Mengukuhkan Teks Hadis-hadis Ru’yat al-Hilāl dan Fungsinya dalam Pengembangan Hukum Islam Busyro Busyro
Al-Ahkam Volume 28, Nomor 2, Oktober 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Ḥisāb and ru’yat always be warm conversations when there is an early determination of Ramadhan and Shawwal. At that time, there are always two camps of scholars in reacting, the scholars who hold on to ḥisāb (calculating the calendar) on one side, and on the other hand hold to ru’yat al-hilāl (seeing the moon directly). This in turn often leads to time differences in setting the beginning of the month among Muslims. With the aim to unite the people in starting their worship, some scholars try to understand the texts of these traditions about ru’yat al-hilāl by trying to find the 'illat (reason) of the laws of hadiths about ru’yat al-hilāl. Their study of the 'illat law resulted in the conclusion that the ru’yat al-hilāl is only a suitable means for the people that time and may not suitable for Muslims in this modern era. Therefore Muslims must use other wasīlah (means) which further guarantee the realization of the purpose of law, namely modern astronomy. The conclusion of the law from the side of the discovery of ‘illat seems to be less suited to the purpose of ta'līl al-aḥkām, is to establish textual texts in addition to discovering the forms of development of the texts.

HUKUM MEMANFAATKAN HARTA HASIL MAKSIAT BERDASARKAN KAJIAN FIQH MAQȂSHID YÛSUF AL-QARADHȂWI Busyro Busyro
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 13 No. 2 (2018)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v13i2.1670

AbstrakHarta merupakan kebutuhan setiap orang yang di dalam Islam mesti didapatkan sesuai dengan aturan-aturan yang benar. Menurut Yûsuf al-Qaradhâwî apabila seseorang sudah terlanjur mendapatkan harta dengan cara maksiat, maka yang bersangkutan tidak boleh memanfaatkan harta itu untuk dirinya, sebaliknya harta itu boleh dipergunakan untuk kepentingan umum. Pemikiran hukum ini beranjak dari adanya pertentangan antara konsep larangan memanfaatkan harta haram secara dharûriyah dan konsep larangan menyia-nyiakan harta yang juga berada dalam tingkat dharûriyah. Dengan pendekatan fiqh maqâshid al-Qaradhâwî menyimpulkan bahwa pertentangan antara dua dharûriyah yang berhubungan dengan pemanfaatan harta harus diprioritaskan kepada mafsadah yang lebih kecil dan maslahah yang lebih besar. Sehingga dengan demikian harta hasil maksiat tidak boleh dimanfaatkan oleh si pelaku maksiat karena menimbulkan mafsadah yang lebih besar pada dirinya dan tidak ada celah maslahah yang didapatkannya. Sebaliknya harta itu boleh dimanfaatkan untuk kepentingan umum, karena terhindar dari mafsadah dan menghasilkan maslahah. Kata Kunci: Harta, maslahah, mafsadah, dharûriyah, fiqh maqâshid Abstract Wealth is the need of everyone. In Islam, wealth must be obtained in accordance with the right rules. According to Yûsuf al-Qaradhâwî, if a person has already acquired property by means of immoral, then the concerned must not use the property for himself, otherwise the property may be used for public purposes. This legal thinking moved from the contradiction between the concept of prohibition of harnessing haram possessions by dharuriyah and the concept of prohibition of wasting the wealth which also are in the level of dharuriyah. Using fiqh approach maqashid al-Qaradhâwî concluded that the contradiction between two dharuriyah thinks associated with the use of property should be prioritized to smaller mafsadah and bigger maslahah. Thus the treasure of immoral results should not be exploited by the perpetrators of immoral because it leads to a bigger mafsadah on him and no gap maslahah he got. Instead the treasure may be utilized for the public interest, because avoid mafsadah and produce maslahah. Key word: Wealth, maslahah, mafsadah, dharuriyah, fiqh maqashid

Mahram for Women Hajj Pilgrims: Analysis of ‘illat and Development of Mahram Meaning Busyro Busyro; Ismail Ismail; Fajrul Wadi; Adlan Sanur Tarihoran; Edi Rosman
Madania: Jurnal Kajian Keislaman Vol 24, No 2 (2020): DECEMBER
Publisher : IAIN Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29300/madania.v24i2.2926

Discussion of the obligations of mahram for women in carrying out the pilgrimage has been discussed since the period of classical scholars to modern age. In fact, for women the pilgrimage is a means of jihad for them. Various thoughts have been put forward by scholars to interpret the Hadith about mahram, starting from textual understanding, which still requires mahram, to the discovery of ‘illat. This last understanding leads to the conclusion that having mahram is no longer necessary because the security as ‘illat can be realized. It is in this connection that this paper aims to compromise between textual understanding and the study of ‘illat so that it can be a solution for women pilgrims. This study used a descriptive analytical method with ‘illat study approach. The results showed that security for women pilgrims can be realized by using the meaning of mahram in terms of language, namely people who are forbidden to marry each other, so that fellow women is also a mahram. Therefore, their departure together with other women can realize the demands of nash without leaving nash textually.Perbincangan kewajiban mahram bagi perempuan dalam melaksanakan perjalanan haji sudah dibicarakan sejak periode ulama klasik sampai kontemporer. Bahkan, bagi seorang perempuan ibadah haji merupakan sarana jihad bagi mereka. Berbagai pemikiran dikemukakan oleh ulama untuk memaknai hadis tentang mahram, mulai dari pemahaman tekstual, yang masih tetap mewajibkan bermahram, sampai kepada penemuan ‘illat. Pemahaman terakhir ini membawa kepada kesimpulan bahwa bermahram tidak diperlukan lagi karena keamanan sebagai ‘illat sudah dapat direalisasikan. Dalam kaitan inilah tulisan ini bertujuan mengkompromikan antara pemahaman tekstual dengan kajian ‘illat agar bisa menjadi solusi bagi jamaah haji perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskripstif analitis dengan pendekatan kajian ‘illat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keamanan bagi jamaah haji perempuan dapat terealisir dengan menggunakan makna mahram dari segi bahasa, yaitu orang-orang yang haram saling menikah, maka sesama perempuan juga termasuk mahram. Oleh karena itu kepergian mereka bersama-sama dengan perempuan lainnya sudah dapat merealisasikan tuntutan nash tanpa meninggalkan nash secara tekstual.

Mediation Effectiveness in Sharia Economic Dispute Settlement: Phenomenology in Bukittinggi Religious Court Riska Fauziah Hayati; Busyro Busyro; Bustamar Bustamar
Alhurriyah Vol 6, No 1 (2021): January - June 2021
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/alhurriyah.v6i1.4097

The main problem in this paper is how the effectiveness of mediation in sharia economic dispute resolution based on PERMA No. 1 of 2016 at the Bukittinggi Religious Court, and what are the inhibiting factors success of mediation. To answer this question, the author uses an inductive and deductive analysis framework regarding the law effectiveness theory of Lawrence M. Friedman. This paper finds that mediation in sharia economic dispute resolution at the Bukittinggi Religious Court from 2016 to 2019 has not been effective. The ineffectiveness is caused by several factors that influence it: First, in terms of legal substance, PERMA No.1 of 2016 concerning Mediation Procedures in Courts still lacks in addressing the problems of the growing community. Second, in terms of legal structure, there are no judges who have mediator certificates. Third, the legal facilities and infrastructure at the Bukittinggi Religious Court have supported mediation. Fourth, in terms of legal culture, there are still many people who are not aware of the law and do not understand mediation well, so they consider mediation to be unimportant. Tulisan ini mengkaji tentang bagaimana efektivitas mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah berdasarkan PERMA Nomor 1 Tahun 2016 di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi dan apa saja yang menjadi faktor penghambat keberhasilan mediasi. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, penulis menggunakan kerangka analisa induktif dan deduktif dengan mengacu pada teori efektivitas hukum Lawrence M. Friedman. Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa mediasi dalam penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi dari tahun 2016 sampai 2019 belum efektif. Hal ini karena dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Pertama, dari segi substansi hukum, yaitu PERMA No. 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Prosedur Mediasi di Pengadilan masih memiliki kekurangan dalam menjawab persoalan masyarakat yang terus berkembang. Kedua, dari segi struktur hukum, belum adanya hakim yang memiliki sertifikat mediator. Ketiga, sarana dan prasarana hukum di Pengadilan Agama Bukittinggi sudah mendukung mediasi. Keempat, dari segi budaya hukum, masih banyaknya masyarakat yang tidak sadar hukum dan tidak mengerti persoalan mediasi dengan baik, sehingga menganggap mediasi tidak penting.

NAFKAH IDDAH AKIBAT TALAK BA`IN DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN GENDER (Analisis Terhadap Hukum Perkawinan Indonesia) Fadhilatul Maulida; Busyro Busyro
Alhurriyah Vol 3, No 2 (2018): Juli - Desember 2018
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bukittinggi

Iddah is one of the obligations for a wife who is divorced by her husband, whether divorce is caused by divorce from a husband or because of a wife's lawsuit to the court (khulu '). While undergoing iddah, the wife has the right to obtain housing and living facilities, as is the case in raj'i talak. On the other hand, in the Talak Ba'in, the Islamic marriage law in Indonesia does not provide an opportunity for the wife to earn a living even though she has to undergo the same obligation, namely undergoing iddah and living in her husband's house. This is certainly not in line with gender justice that carries the equality of men and women in this life. Judging from the thoughts of the ulema of the school of thought, actually the legal thinking of Imam Abu Hanifah had first argued to give the wife the right to earn a living in divorce even though the divorce was in the form of divorce. It seems that Imam Abu Hanifah's opinion should be considered in the renewal of Islamic marriage law in Indonesia, especially in realizing justice to the women in their marriage and divorce.

KEDUDUKAN BAK PENCUCI KAKI SEBELUM MASUK DAN KELUAR TEMPAT BERWUDHUK DALAM TINJAUAN FIQH IBADAH Busyro Busyro; Saiful Amin
Alhurriyah Vol 3, No 1 (2018): Januari-Juni 2018
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bukittinggi

The purity of limbs from any dirtiness is one of requirement which must be fulfilled before shalat. That is why many Ulama were explaining this case deeply. In this paper, the study of it was the character of the water which was pure and purified that can be used for wudhu, and which was not. In Bukittinggi, most of management mosques provide small basin with full water in front of wudhu room. It was aimed to facilitate people cleaning their feet before come into mosque. Yet, some of the basins have provided with no flowing water and less than two qullah (jars). Moreover, some of mosques only have one basin in one way (in and out of wudhu room). Basically, every feet of Muslim that get into the basin will do not affect anything to the pool. However, the problem was generated by the purity of the feet that some of them may unclean and take the water into effect. That is to say that providing the basin in front of wudhu room is obnoxious (makrûh) based on precaution (ihtyâth) principle. Kata Kunci: Washing feet basin, wudhu’, dirtiness, two qullah. Abstrak Kesucian anggota tubuh dari najis merupakan salah satu syarat untuk sahnya ibadah shalat yang dilakukan oleh seorang muslim. Oleh karena itu berbagai aturan dalam membersihkan diri sebelum shalat dibahas secara mendalam oleh ulama fiqh. Salah satu pembahasan yang terkait dengan hal itu adalah persoalan air yang boleh dipakai untuk berwudhuk, yang intinya merupakan air suci dan dapat mensucikan. Untuk menjaga kesucian jamaah yang akan memasuki masjid, maka sebagian pengurus masjid membuat bak kecil untuk mencuci kaki sebelum masuk dan keluar dari tempat berwudhuk. Namun pada sebagian masjid, air yang terdapat pada bak tersebut tergenang, tidak mengalir, dan kurang dua qullah. Di samping itu hanya tersedia satu buah bak, tempat masuk berwudhuk dan sekaligus tempat keluar dan selanjutnya masuk ke dalam masjid. Pada dasarnya kaki seorang muslim yang menginjak air yang tergenang tidak akan membuat air itu bernajis, tetapi mengingat beragamnya kondisi kaki yang masuk dimungkinkan ada najis yang tertinggal di air genangan itu. Oleh karena itu berdasarkan prinsip ihtiyath, membuat bak seperti itu hukumnya makruh.

PERANAN LEMBAGA KEAGAMAAN LOKAL DALAM MELAHIRKAN DAN MENGAWAL FATWA KEAGAMAAN (Studi Terhadap Peran Majelis Ulama Nagari Guguak Tabek Sarojo Kecamatan IV Koto Kabupaten Agam) Busyro - Busyro
Islam Realitas: Journal of Islamic and Social Studies Vol 1, No 1 (2015): June 2015
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Bukittinggi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30983/islam_realitas.v1i1.9

Majelis Ulama Nagari (MUNA) Nagari Guguak Tabek Sarojo as local religious institution which is formed along with the shift from village administration to village government. The main responsibility which is administered by MUNA is to maintain the diversity of Muslim in order not to deviate from the rules of God. As a result, MUNA gives “fatwa” and watches “fatwa” which has been formed by officials religious institutions. From the research, it was found that MUNA Guguak Tabek Sarojo should have power in order to overcome all problems faced by most of religious community that was by doing ‘Mudzakarah” in order to give legal solution (fatwa); generally, MUNA Guguak Tabek Sarojo had followed the procedures in formed of religious rule (fatwa) which was started from question from the society or dorp, then discussed in mudzakarah and involved in discussion with religious leaders who were competence in their fields, and always kept up to the source of Islam, Al Quran, tradition, religious leader’s agreement, and Qiyas. The decision about religion will not be confused with custom and tradition admitted in a dorp. Majelis Ulama Nagari (MUNA) Nagari Guguak Tabek Sarojo sebagai lembaga agama setempat yang dibentuk bersama dengan pergeseran dari pemerintahan desa kepada pemerintah desa. Tanggung jawab utama yang dikelola oleh MUNA adalah untuk mempertahankan keragaman Muslim agar tidak menyimpang dari aturan Allah. Akibatnya, MUNA memberikan "fatwa" dan jam tangan "fatwa" yang telah dibentuk oleh pejabat lembaga-lembaga keagamaan. Dari hasil penelitian, ditemukan bahwa MUNA Guguak Tabek Sarojo harus memiliki kekuatan untuk mengatasi semua masalah yang dihadapi oleh sebagian besar komunitas agama yang dengan melakukan 'Mudzakarah "untuk memberikan solusi hukum (fatwa); umumnya, MUNA Guguak Tabek Sarojo mengikuti prosedur dalam membentuk pemerintahan agama (fatwa) yang dimulai dari pertanyaan dari masyarakat atau dorp, dibahas dalam mudzakarah dan terlibat dalam diskusi dengan para pemimpin agama yang kompetensi di bidangnya, dan selalu terus sampai ke sumber Islam, Al Quran, tradisi, kesepakatan pemimpin agama itu, dan Qiyas. Keputusan tentang agama tidak akan bingung dengan adat dan tradisi mengakui dalam sebuah dorp.

Nikah Siri dalam Tinjauan Hukum Teoritis dan Sosiologi Hukum Islam Indonesia Aidil Alfin; Busyro Busyro
Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam Vol 11 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic University of Prof. K.H. Saifuddin Zuhri, Purwokerto

The differences of laws in marriage registration have generated argumentative conflicts among the ulama. Some of them agree and the others disagree. Ulama who agree say that proscribing secretly marriage (nikah siri) is in accordance to Islamic law. Even though the regulation about marriage registration has been written in The Indonesian Act No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage and in the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesian, the practice of secret marriage is still existed among Indonesian Muslim society. They base their practices on what some of local ShafiiyahUlema say all the time that this kind of marriage is in accordance to shariâ€™ah. It is common to say that Shafiâ€™ischool of law is the largest shariâ€™ahschool of law in Indonesia. In the sociology of Islamic law, most of the scholars in Indonesia who adhere to the Shafi'i school and also most of the Indonesian Muslim community adhere to the same school, may have a significant influence on the constraints of reform of Islamic law related to the registration of marriages in particular and other matters about marriage in general contained in the Law No. 1 of 1974 and the Compilation of Islamic Law in Indonesia.

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