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Identifikasi Gejala dan Kisaran Inang Enam Isolat Begomovirus Cabai di Indonesia (Symptom and Host Range Identification of Six Chilli Begomovirus Isolate in Indonesia) Redy Gaswanto; Muhamad Syukur; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat; Neni Gunaeni
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 26, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v26n2.2016.p223-234

Abstract

Perkembangan infeksi Begomovirus pada cabai di Indonesia tidak menutup kemungkinan adanya isolat baru yang berbeda gejala dan kisaran inangnya. Tujuan penelitian adalah melakukan identifikasi isolat Begomovirus cabai dari beberapa sentra produksi di Indonesia berdasarkan gejala dan kisaran inangnya. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Virologi Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (Balitsa) Lembang, dari Bulan Mei 2013 sampai dengan Agustus 2013. Isolat Begomovirus cabai diperoleh dari enam daerah, yaitu Leuwikopo-Bogor, Brebes, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, dan Karangploso-Malang. Isolat Begomovirus cabai tersebut diisolasi dan dipelihara pada benih tanaman cabai sehat varietas Tanjung-2 dengan cara ditularkan melalui serangga vektor Bemisia tabaci nonviruliferous. Deteksi isolat Begomovirus cabai secara polymerase chain reaction (PCR) menggunakan sepasang primer universal pAL1v1978/pAR1c715. Identifikasi gejala dan kisaran inang dilakukan pada sembilan jenis tanaman indikator, yaitu cabai, tomat, terung, kacang panjang, buncis, mentimun, babadotan, caisim, dan bayam duri. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Amplifikasi PCR menggunakan primer universal pAL1v1978/pAR1c715 terhadap enam isolat Begomovirus cabai berhasil memperoleh fragmen DNA berukuran 1.600 kb. Isolat Begomovirus cabai asal Brebes, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, dan Karangploso berhasil ditularkan pada tanaman indikator cabai, tomat, terung, mentimun, kacang buncis, kacang panjang, dan babadotan, namun tidak berhasil ditularkan pada tanaman caisim dan bayam duri. Pada tanaman cabai, isolat Begomovirus asal Brebes lebih virulen 3,3–10% untuk tingkat kejadian penyakit dengan masa inkubasi lebih cepat 2,7–3,7 hari dibandingkan isolat Begomovirus asal Bogor, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, dan Malang. Untuk kepastian perbedaan enam isolat Begomovirus cabai secara molekuler, disarankan untuk analisis perunutan DNA.KeywordsBegomovirus; Gejala; Kisaran inang; VirulenAbstractPossibility Begomovirus infection on chilli in Indonesia continually could appear a new isolate. The research was aimed at identifying chilli Begomovirus isolate from some chilli area in Indonesia according to their symptom dan host range. The research was conducted at virology’s Laboratory and Screen Net House of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), from May to August 2013. Chilli Begomovirus isolates from six area were collected, namely: Leuwikopo-Bogor, Brebes, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, and Karangploso-Malang. All isolates were isolated and maintained to the healthy chilli seedling of Tanjung-2 variety transmitted by insect vector B. tabaci nonviruliferous. The molecular isolate detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a pair of universal primers pAL1v1978/pAR1c715. Nine indicator plants were used to identify their symptom and host range, namely chilli, tomato, eggplant, yardlong bean, bean, cucumber, ageratum, caisim, and wild spinach. A randomized block design was used with three replications. Amplification on six chilli Begomovirus isolates. Isolates from Brebes, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, and Karangploso were succesfully transmitted to various indicator plants, i.e chilli, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, bean, yardlong bean, and ageratum weed, but failed on caisim and wild spinach. Isolate from Brebes was 3.3–10.0% more virulent (disease incident parameter) and 2.7–3.7% days shorter (incubation time parameter) than isolate from Bogor, Magelang, Kediri, Blitar, and Malang. DNA sequencing analysis is recommended to be done. Further DNA sequencing was recommended to confirm the moleculer diffferences among the six chilli Begomovirus isolates.
Respons Tanaman Bawang Merah Asal Biji True Shallot Seeds terhadap Kerapatan Tanaman pada Musim Hujan Nani Sumarni; Gina Alia Sopha; Redy Gaswanto
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 22, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v22n1.2012.p23-28

Abstract

Kerapatan tanaman merupakan salah satu faktor yang dapat memengaruhi produksi umbi bawang merah asal true shallots seed (TSS) pada musim hujan (off-season). Tujuan penelitian ialah menentukan  kerapatan tanaman yang sesuai untuk produksi umbi beberapa varietas bawang merah dari TSS. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan petani di dataran rendah Cirebon, dari bulan November 2010 sampai dengan Februari 2011. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan ialah acak kelompok pola faktorial, dengan dua faktor dan empat ulangan. Faktor pertama ialah tanaman asal TSS beberapa varietas  bawang merah, yaitu Allium ascalonicum cv. Maja, Bima, dan Tuk-Tuk sebagai pembanding. Faktor kedua ialah kerapatan tanaman, yaitu 100 dan 150 tanaman per m2. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi interaksi antara varietas dan kerapatan tanaman terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bawang merah asal TSS. Varietas dan kerapatan tanaman tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil umbi bawang merah asal TSS, tetapi berpengaruh terhadap jumlah tanaman yang dapat dipanen umbinya. Varietas Tuk-Tuk sebagai pembanding dan kerapatan tanaman yang tinggi (150 tanaman per m2) menunjukkan jumlah tanaman yang dapat dipanen paling sedikit. Hasil umbi kering asal TSS paling tinggi diperoleh pada A. ascalonicum cv. varietas Maja dengan kerapatan 100 tanaman/m2, yaitu sebesar 5,15 t/ha. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan bermanfaat bagi pengguna untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan kualitas umbi bawang merah pada musim hujan.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK TANAMAN DAN PREDATOR TERHADAP PENGENDALIAN ORGANISME HAMA DAN PENYAKIT UTAMA PADA TANAMAN CABAI Neni Gunaeni; Redy Gaswanto; Astri Windia Wulandari; Eli Korlina
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 18 (2023): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi (SEMABIO) Tahun 2022
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (917.887 KB)

Abstract

The use of plant extracts and predators is an alternative for pests control and disease that are safe for the environment. The aim of this research is to find out plant extracts and predators in controlling major pests and diseases effectively. The research was conducted at the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute at an altitude of 1250 m above sea level from June to December 2018.The design used was Randomized Block Design and was repeated 4 times. Tried treatment: (A). Spinach (Amaranthus spinosus) extract. (B). Four o'clock flower (Mirabillis jalapa). (C). Given the predator Menochillus sexmaculatus at the beginning of planting. (D). Synthetic insecticide with the active ingredient Immidaclorprid. (E). Spinach spinach extract + predator. (F). Four o'clock flower extract + predator. (G). Spinach Extract + Predator + Insecticide. (H). Four o'clock flower + predator + Insecticide. (I). Control. Research results: (1). Plant growth is not affected by treatment. (2). Phytotoxic symptoms due to treatment of plant extracts did not appear in plants. (3). The treatment of giving predatory M. sexmacullatus at the beginning of planting + insecticide, combination of spinach thorn extract + predator + insecticide, combination of four o'clock flower extract + predator + insecticide, increased its efficacy against chili pests and diseases and had an impact on low fruit diseases and increased yields.
PENGARUH JENIS DAN WAKTU PERENDAMAN EKSTRAK NABATI TERHADAP INVIGORASI BENIH CABAI KADALUARSA Redy Gaswanto; Nurmalita Waluyo; Astiti Rahayu; Isum Isum
Gunung Djati Conference Series Vol. 18 (2023): Prosiding Seminar Nasional Biologi (SEMABIO) Tahun 2022
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (789.99 KB)

Abstract

The expired status is addressed to the seeds that have exceeded the recommended planting period by the producer, while invigoration is the improving process of a vigor or performance of the deterioration seeds. The research purposes were to find out the best composition of kind and immersion time of a flora material extract that could improve physiological quality of the expired chili seeds. The research was conducted at the Seed Laboratory of Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang from Mei 2018 to December 2018 using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 11 treatments which was repeated three times. The treatments consisted of: (1) Control (expired seeds without treatment); (2) Green coconut water 15% + Incubation 24 hours; (3) Ambon banana extract 15% + Incubation 24 hours; (4) Ambon banana extract 15% + Green coconut water 15% + Incubation 24 hours; (5) Cucumber extract 15% + Incubation 24 hours; (6) Green coconut water 15% + Incubation 48 hours; (7) Ambon banana extract 15% + Incubation 48 hours; (8) Ambon banana extract 15% + Green coconut water 15% + Incubation 48 hours; (9) Cucumber extract 15% + Incubation 48 hours; (10) Green coconut water 15% + Incubation 72 hours; (11) Ambon banana extract 15% + Incubation 72 hours. Then, the incubated seeds were germinated using top of paper (TP) method by the Copenhagen Tank apparatus. The results showed that the use of green coconut water 15% + incubation 24 hours (treatment No. 2) or cucumber extract 15% + incubation 48 hours (treatment No. 9) could improve viability and germination speed performance in range 12.67-13.33% and 3.85-5.10%/etmal respectively of the expired chili seeds with viability condition less than 75.00%.