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Evaluasi Nilai Heterosis dan Heterobeltiosis Beberapa Persilangan Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) pada Berbagai Altitud [Evaluation of Heterosis and Heterobeltiosis Value of Some Cucumber Crosses (Cucumis sativus L.) at Different Altitude] Gungun Wiguna; Uun Sumpena
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 26, No 1 (2016): Juni 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v26n1.2016.p1-8

Pemanfaatan efek heterosis dalam perakitan varietas hibrida sering dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi hasil pertanian. Identifikasi ekspresi heterosis dan heterobeltiosis dari suatu persilangan perlu dilakukan karena tidak semua persilangan memberikan efek heterosis dan heterobeltiosis yang dikehendaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kombinasi persilangan yang menunjukkan nilai heterosis dan heterobeltiosis terbaik untuk karakter kegenjahan, agronomi, dan daya hasil. Evaluasi nilai heterosis dan heterobeltiosis dilakukan terhadap 10 kombinasi persilangan dan lima galur tetua di dua lokasi dengan altitud yang berbeda (100 m dpl dan 1.250 m dpl). Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah ruas, jumlah cabang, umur panen pertama, jumlah buah per tanaman, berat buah per tanaman, berat per buah, panjang buah, dan diameter buah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persilangan yang berumur genjah dengan nilai heterosis dan heterobeltiosis negatif dihasilkan oleh persilangan P2 x P5. Kombinasi persilangan yang memiliki potensi produksi tinggi dengan nilai heterosis dan heterobeltiosis positif dan tinggi di dataran tinggi maupun rendah dihasilkan oleh P2 x P5. Persilangan yang memiliki efek heterosis dan heterobeltiosis tinggi untuk beberapa karakter di dataran tinggi dihasilkan oleh P1 x P2. Persilangan yang memiliki efek heterosis dan heterobeltiosis tinggi untuk karakter agronomi di dataran rendah ialah P3 x P4. Ketiga persilangan tersebut dapat diuji lebih lanjut untuk menghasilkan varietas hibrida berumur genjah, karakter agronomi baik, dan produktivitas tinggi.KeywordsCucumis sativus; Heterosis; Heterobeltiosis; Persilangan dialelAbstractUtilization of heterosis effect in developing new hybrid is often done to increase agricultural production. Identification expression of heterosis and heterobeltiosis of a cross is necessary because not all crosses showed desired effect of heterosis and heterobeltiosis. The aims of this study was to identify the cross combinations showed best value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for early maturity, agronomy, and yield characters. Evaluation of value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis performed on 10 cross combinations and five parental lines at two locations with different altitude (100 m asl and 1,250 m asl). The research was designed using randomized block design with three replications. Data of plant height, number of nodes, number of branches, the time to first harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight per plant, weight per fruit, fruit length, and fruit diameter were collected. The results showed that early maturity cross with the negative value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis produced by cross of P2 x P5. Cross combination that had positive and high value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis for some character on upland generated by P2 x P5. Cross that had a good heterosis and heterobeltiosis effect for some characters in the upland generated by P1 x P2. Cross that had a good heterosis effect on the agronomic characters on lowland was generated by P3 x P4. The three crosses could be tested further for obtained early maturity, good agronomy character, and high yielding hybrid variety.

Evaluasi Daya Gabung Lima Galur Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) Hasil Persilangan Dialel Gungun Wiguna; A Purwantoro; Nasrullah Nasrullah
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 23, No 4 (2013): Desember 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v23n4.2013.p310-317

Produktivitas mentimun di Indonesia dapat ditingkatkan melalui penggunaan varietas hibrida. Untuk mendapatkan hibrida unggul, informasi tentang daya gabung umum (DGU) dan daya gabung khusus (DGK) sangat diperlukan sebagai pedoman dalam memilih tetua dan kombinasi persilangan unggul secara efektif dan efisien. Penelitian bertujuan menduga nilai daya gabung lima galur mentimun hasil persilangan dialel berdasarkan metode 2 model 1 Griffing. Galur mentimun yang digunakan merupakan koleksi plasma nutfah Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran yang memiliki umur genjah, produktivitas tinggi, dan warna buah bervariasi. Evaluasi tetua dan F1 dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Margahayu lembang dan Kebun Percobaan Subang pada Bulan Juli sampai dengan Oktober 2012, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok Lengkap dengan tiga ulangan di tiap lokasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi DGU×lokasi nyata pada karakter umur bunga betina pertama mekar, berat per buah, panjang buah, dan diameter buah. Interaksi DGK×lokasi nyata pada karakter umur bunga betina pertama mekar, tinggi tanaman, jumlah ruas, dan diameter buah. Galur LV 2908 dan LV 2902 memiliki nilai DGU tinggi untuk beberapa karakter agronomi, hasil dan komponen hasil di dua lokasi pengujian. Persilangan yang berumur genjah dengan nilai DGK terbaik dihasilkan oleh LV 2904×LV 6501. Persilangan yang memiliki nilai DGK tinggi untuk karakter hasil ialah LV 2908×LV 2904, LV 2908×LV 6501, LV 2904×LV 6501, dan LV 2902×LV 1043.

Perbaikan Teknologi Produksi Benih Bawang Merah Melalui Pengaturan Pemupukan, Densitas, dan Varietas Gungun Wiguna; Iteu Margaret Hidayat; Chotimatul Azmi
Jurnal Hortikultura Vol 23, No 2 (2013): Juni 2013
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Horticulture Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jhort.v23n2.2013.p137-142

Produksi umbi benih bawang merah dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, di antaranya ketersediaan hara, pengaturan populasi tanaman, dan pemilihan varietas. Pengelolaan hara tanaman, pengaturan densitas, dan pemilihan varietas yang tepat dapat meningkatkan produksi umbi benih bawang merah. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan teknologi perbanyakan umbi benih bawang merah dengan mengurangi ukuran umbi dan meningkatkan produksi umbi tanpa mengurangi kualitas umbi sebagai benih. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran (1250 m dpl.) pada Bulan Mei sampai dengan Desember 2009, menggunakan rancangan split-split plot dengan petak utama dosis pemupukan dengan tiga taraf yaitu (1) 200 kg/ha Urea, 200 kg/ha SP36, 200 kg/ha KCl, dan 500 kg/ha ZA (kontrol), (2) 100 kg/ha Urea, 300 kg/ha SP36, 200 kg/ha KCl, dan 250 kg/ha ZA, dan (3) 100 kg/ha Urea, 200 kg/ha SP36, 200 kg/ha KCl, dan 250 kg/ha ZA. Anak petak ialah densitas tanaman, terdiri atas 30 tanaman/m2, 60 tanaman/m2, dan 100 tanaman/m2. Anak-anak petak ialah varietas terdiri atas Bima, Maja, dan Sumenep. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan densitas 100 tanaman/m2 menghasilkan jumlah umbi per plot tertinggi (1.193,68) dan diameter umbi terkecil (14,17 mm). Varietas Bima menghasilkan jumlah umbi per tanaman tertinggi (12,01) dan jumlah umbi per plot tertinggi (1.035,96) dengan diameter terkecil 11,10 mm. Penggunaan varietas Maja pada densitas 100 tanaman/m2 menghasilkan bobot kering tertinggi (3.047,78 g). Untuk menghasilkan jumlah umbi banyak dengan ukuran kecil direkomendasikan agar menanam varietas Bima dengan densitas 100 tanaman/m2 dan untuk menghasilkan bobot kering umbi tinggi direkomendasikan agar menanam varietas Maja dengan densitas 100 tanaman/m2.

Keberhasilan Persilangan Tomat Varietas Komersial (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) dengan Tomat Mutan Tahan Simpan Gungun Wiguna; Elfira Rosalita; Anas Anas; Neni Rostini; Syariful Mubarok; Hiroshi Ezura
Zuriat Vol 30, No 1 (2019): Latest Issue (April 2019)
Publisher : Breeding Science Society of Indonesia (BSSI) / PERIPI

Post-harvest loss is an obstacle for tomato farmers that cause tomato farming being unprofitable. Utilization of mutant genes prolong tomato fruit shelf life through crossing is one of the best solutions to improve the fruit quality. The objective of this study was to determine the success of cross-pollination between commercial tomato varieties and shelf life of mutant tomatoes. Two mutant tomato lines Sletr1-1 and Sletr1-2, and one wild type strain were crossed with four commercial varieties (Intan, Mutiara, Ratna, and Mirah ). The results showed that the success rate of crossing ranged from 77.50% to 100%, with an average of 95.76%. The average maximum growth potential of seeds produced was 89.17% with the lowest value of 75% and the highest 98.5%. The most top success of crosses was built by a combination of crossing Ratna x Sletr1-2, and the combination of Mirah x Sletr1-1 showed the lowest percentage of the crossing. The Intan showed the highest success as female parent of crossing, while Mirah was the lowest production of the crossing. The plant height of all hybrid was smaller compared to the commercial varieties.

RESPON BEBERAPA GALUR TOMAT (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK DAUN (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) Gungun Wiguna; Rahmat Sutarya; Yenny Muliani
MEDIAGRO Vol 11, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

Tomato varieties cultivated in Indonesia is still susceptible to late blight. This research aims to determine the level of resistance of some strains of tomato to late blight. The research was conducted at the field trial Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute Lembang located at an altitude of ± 1250 above sea level. The type of soil Andisol temperate type B, with a daily average temperature ranging between 19-24 ° C, relative humidity ranged between 34-90% and an average rainfall of 2207.5 mm/year. The research was conducted from March to May 2015. The studies used randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 16 treatment lines/varieties consisting of 15 strains of balitsa tomato germplasm collection and the commercial varieties called "Intrend" as a control. The results showed that there are seven strains that have the same relative level of resistance to the control varieties of the intensity of late blight caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) De Bary, the strains are 1602-14, 1608-14, 1611-14, 1616-14, 1618-14, 1620-14, and 1621-14. Furthermore, these strains can be used in further studies to obtain varieties resistant to late blight.Keywords: Late blight, line, tomato, variety.

EFEKTIVITAS ETHYL METHANE SULFONATE (EMS) TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN TANAMAN WORTEL (Daucus carota L.) MANDUL JANTAN Gungun Wiguna; Rd. Prasodjo Prasodjo; Uun Sumpena
MEDIAGRO Vol 7, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim

The study was conducted at Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute in March to December 2009 with an altitude of 1250 masl. The objective of study was to determine the effectiveness of EMS in producing carrots male sterile. The experiment was arranged in Complitely Randomized Block Design with two factors and three replication. The results indicate that the local carrot cultivars have the survival to maturity better than hybrid varieties. The highest percentage of living plants showed by carrot cultivar origin Cipanas (73.21%). The percentage of live plants is affected by the EMS treatment only until the age of 60 HST. Increased concentrations of EMS resulted in decreased percentage of live plants. Increased concentrations of EMS also tends to reduce the weight of thousand grains carrot seed produced from the M1 generation. Visual appearance of pollen on all EMS treated the same as the control, that is pithy and bright yellow. Treatment of various EMS concentrations level provided the individual has not been effective in producing carrots male sterile. Key words: carrot, male sterile, EMS.

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