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KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN ULKUS DIABETIK DI RUANGAN PERAWATAN RUMAH SAKIT AMINAH Novis Desrian Afiko; Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa
KOLONI Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): JUNI 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (400.788 KB) | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v1i2.39

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers are open sores on the skin surface due to complications of macroangiopathy, which is a wound in a patient that is often not felt, and can develop into an infection caused by aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. Quality of life can be viewed from a subjective and objective perspective. The subjective aspect is feeling good and satisfied with everything in general, while objectively is the fulfillment of the demands of material welfare, social status and socio-cultural physical perfection. The purpose of this study is to describe the quality of life of patients with diabetic ulcers in the Aminah Hospital Tangerang ward in 2021. The design of this study is descriptive quantitative exploratory in nature. done by visiting directly to the Aminah Hospital Treatment Room. The population in this study were 24 patients with diabetic ulcers in the Aminah Hospital ward during April. In this study, the instrument used was the whoqol-bref quality of life questionnaire. The research method used was descriptive quantitative. 1 obtained the mean or average value of 24 respondents with diabetic ulcers of (45.54%), then for domain 2 about psychological health the mean / average value with 24 responses who experienced diabetic ulcers was 42.38% where this score still in the good category, for domain 3 about social relations which includes aspects of social relations, sexual relations, and social support. Of the 3 aspects that have been integrated into domain 3, the average value is (40.29%) and finally in domain 4, the average value is obtained (44.29%). Keywords: Quality of Life, Diabetic Ulcer
Peningkatan Mekanisme Coping Masyarakat Terhadap Stigma Negatif Covid-19 Melalui Manajemen Stress & Pendidikan Kesehatan 5M Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa
Jurnal Masyarakat Madani Indonesia Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Agustus
Publisher : Alesha Media Digital

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (721.705 KB) | DOI: 10.59025/js.v1i2.5

Abstract

Pandemi virus Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) semakin meluas dan menyebar hampir di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Kedokteran Jiwa Indonesia pada Juli 2020, sebesar 64,8 % responden yang telah swaperiksa memiliki masalah psikologis, masalah psikologis terbanyak ditemukan pada kelompok umur 17- 29 Tahun dan diatas 60 Tahun, dari 4.010 swaperiksa 65% responden mengalami gangguan cemas 62% mengalami gangguan depresi dan 75% mengalami trauma. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk mengedukasi masyarakat tentang manajemen stress dan penerepan protokol kesehatan 5M di era pandemi Covid-19. Bentuk kegiatan yaitu pendidikan kesehatan dengan metode ceramah, diskusi dan demonstrasi menggunakan media seperti LCD projektor, slide, leafled, spanduk, vidio dan poster dan juga pembagian masker dan hand sanitizer kepada masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan mekanisme koping pada semua responden yaitu 92% setelah dilaksanakan edukasi manajemen stress, hasil evaluasi juga menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan masyarakat meningkat sesudah dilakukan edukasi pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 yaitu mayoritas berada pada kategori baik sebesar 69 %, diharapakan agar unsur pemerintahan desa dan seluruh elemen masyarakat untuk tetap mendukung pemerintahan pusat untuk menekan penyebaran Covid- 19 melalui kepatuhan terhadap protokol kesehatan
KUALITAS HIDUP PADA PASIEN ULKUS DIABETIK DI RUANGAN PERAWATAN RUMAH SAKIT AMINAH Novis Desrian Afiko; Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa
KOLONI Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): JUNI 2022
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/koloni.v1i2.39

Abstract

Diabetic ulcers are open sores on the skin surface due to complications of macroangiopathy, which is a wound in a patient that is often not felt, and can develop into an infection caused by aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. Quality of life can be viewed from a subjective and objective perspective. The subjective aspect is feeling good and satisfied with everything in general, while objectively is the fulfillment of the demands of material welfare, social status and socio-cultural physical perfection. The purpose of this study is to describe the quality of life of patients with diabetic ulcers in the Aminah Hospital Tangerang ward in 2021. The design of this study is descriptive quantitative exploratory in nature. done by visiting directly to the Aminah Hospital Treatment Room. The population in this study were 24 patients with diabetic ulcers in the Aminah Hospital ward during April. In this study, the instrument used was the whoqol-bref quality of life questionnaire. The research method used was descriptive quantitative. 1 obtained the mean or average value of 24 respondents with diabetic ulcers of (45.54%), then for domain 2 about psychological health the mean / average value with 24 responses who experienced diabetic ulcers was 42.38% where this score still in the good category, for domain 3 about social relations which includes aspects of social relations, sexual relations, and social support. Of the 3 aspects that have been integrated into domain 3, the average value is (40.29%) and finally in domain 4, the average value is obtained (44.29%). Keywords: Quality of Life, Diabetic Ulcer
PENGARUH EDUKASI MANAJEMEN STRES TERHADAP MEKANISME KOPING MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGHADAPI PANDEMI COVID -19 DI DUSUN V PASAR IV SUKA RENDE KECAMATAN KUTALIMBARU Dwi Wahyuni Putri; Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa
Indonesian Trust Nursing Journal Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Indonesian Trust Nursing Journal
Publisher : STIKes Murni Teguh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (171.623 KB)

Abstract

The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is increasingly widespread and spreading to almost all over the world including in Indonesia, the number of cases is getting higher and increasing every day. This case raises its own concerns for the community. The general response of someone who is exposed, either directly or indirectly, is fear of getting sick and dying, fear of being infected, not wanting to come to a health facility, causing stress to the community. Purpose: To identify the effect of stress management education on community coping mechanisms in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is identify the effect of stress management education on community coping mechanisms in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. This Research using Quasi experimental with one group pre-post test. The population in this study were the people in Hamlet V Pasar IV Suka Rende, Kutalimbaru District, consisting of 127 families. Sampling by purposive sampling technique with a total sample of 32 respondents. The instrument used is a questionnaire with an independent hypothesis test wilcoxon. The result of this study, before the stress management education was carried out, the majority of adaptive community coping mechanisms were 25 people (78.1%), after the stress management education was carried out, the majority of adaptive community coping mechanisms were carried out, as many as 32 people (100%). There is an effect of stress management education on community coping mechanisms in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic in Hamlet V Pasar IV Suka Rende, Kutalimbaru District, with a p value of 0.000. It is suggested that people to always do stress management to prevent prolonged stress and increase their knowledge about stress management. Abstrak Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) semakin meluas dan menyebar hampir di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia, jumlah kasus setiap harinya semakin tinggi dan bertambah dengan cepat. Kasus ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran tersendiri bagi masyarakat. Respons umum dari seseorang yang terpapar baik secara langsung atau tidak yaitu ketakutan sakit dan meninggal dunia, takut tertular, tidak ingin datang ke fasilitas kesehatan sehingga menimbulkan stress kepada masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengaruh edukasi manajemen stres terhadap mekanisme koping masyarakat dalam mengahadapi pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian menggunakan Quasi experimental dengan one group pre-post test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah masyarakat di Dusun V Pasar IV Suka Rende Kecamatan Kutalimbaru sebanyak 127 keluarga. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 32 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembaran kuesioner dengan uji hipotesis wilcoxon. Hasdil penelitian, sebelum dilakukan edukasi manajemen stress mayoritas mekanisme koping masyarakat adaptif sebanyak 25 orang (78,1%), sesudah dilakukan edukasi manajemen stress mekanisme koping masyarakat mayoritas adaptif sebanyak 32 orang (100%). Terdapat Pengaruh edukasi manajemen stress terhadap mekanisme koping masyarakat dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19 di Dusun V Pasar IV Suka Rende Kecamatan Kutalimbaru dengan nilai p value 0,000. Direkomendasikan agar masyarakat untuk senantiasa selalu melakukan manajemen stres untuk mencegah terjadinya stres yang berkepanjangan dan meningkatkan pengetahuannya tentang manajemen stres.
PENGARUH MOBILISASI DINI TERHADAP SKALA NYERI PADA PASIEN POST OPERASI LAPARATOMI DI RUANG RAWAT INAP 7 SOUTH MURNI TEGUH MEMORIAL HOSPITAL Katy Butar-Butar; Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa
Indonesian Trust Nursing Journal Vol 1 No 2 (2023): Indonesian Trust Nursing Journal
Publisher : STIKes Murni Teguh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (247.187 KB)

Abstract

Laparatomy is any treatment that uses invasive methods by opening or displaying the part of the body to be treated, generally done by making incisions (repairing multiple wounds), reconstructive and palliative. Each treatment can cause discomfort and trauma to the patient, one of which is often The client's complaint is pain. This study aims to determine the effect of early mobilization on the pain scale in postoperative laparotomy patients. This research used Quasi experiment with one group pre-post test. The population in this study were all postoperative laparotomy patients at Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital (MTMH). Sampling by purposive sampling technique, which determines certain considerations or criteria that must be met by the sample. The number of samples in this study were 43 respondents. The instrument used is an observation sheet with an independent statistical test T - test. The results of the study before early mobilization showed that the majority of respondents experienced pain with the category of pain interfering with activities (5-6) as many as 23 respondents (53.5%) after early mobilization obtained a decrease in pain scale, namely the majority were in the category of pain disturbing somewhat (3- 4) as many as 30 respondents (69.8%). There is an effect of early mobilization on the pain scale in postoperative laparotomy patients at 7 South Inpatient Department MTMH. It is hoped that future researchers will conduct research using a control group with different methods such as using handheld fingers, deep breathing relaxation, or progressive muscle relaxation therapy. Abstrak Laparatomi merupakan segala tindakan pengobatan yang menggunakan cara invasif dengan membuka atau menampilkan bagian tubuh yang akan di tangani, umumnya dilakukan dengan membuat sayatan (memperbaiki luka multipel), rekontruksi dan paliatif Setiap pembedahan bisa mengakibatkan ketidaknyamanan dan trauma bagi pasien, salah satu yang sering dikeluhkan klien adalah nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh mobilisasi dini terhadap skala nyeri pada pasien post operasi laparatomi. Penelitian menggunakan Quasi experimental dengan one group pre-post test. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien post operasi laparatomi yang ada di Murni Teguh Memorial Hospital (MTMH). Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik purposive sampling, yang menetapkan pertimbangan-pertimbangan atau kriteria-kriteria tertentu yang harus dipenuhi oleh sampel. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 43 responden. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembaran observasi dengan uji statistik Independent t– test. Hasil penelitian sebelum dilakukan mobilisasi dini menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas responden mengalami nyeri dengan kategori nyeri mengganggu aktivitas (5-6) sebanyak 23 responden (53,5%) sesudah dilakukan mobilisasi dini diperoleh penurunan skala nyeri yaitu mayoritas berada pada kategori nyeri agak mengganggu (3-4) sebanyak 30 responden (69,8%). Terdapat pengaruh mobilisasi dini terhadap skala nyeri pada pasien post operasi laparatomi di Ruang Rawat Inap 7 South MTMH. Diharapkan bagi peneliti selanjutnya untuk melakukan penelitian dengan menggunakan kelompok kontrol dengan metode yang berbeda seperti menggunakan genggam jari, relaksasi nafas dalam, atau terapi relaksai otot progresif.
HUBUNGAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL KELUARGA DENGAN TINGKAT KECEMASAN IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III DALAM MENGHADAPI PROSES PERSALINAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KOTA MATSUM MEDAN hendry kiswanto mendrofa
Indonesian Trust Health Journal Vol 2 No 1 (2019): Indonesian Trust Health Journal
Publisher : Universitas Murni Teguh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37104/ithj.v2i1.29

Abstract

Mothers who are undergoing pregnancy experience changes physically, psychologically and mentally therefore pregnant women are required not only to be physically ready, but also thirsty to be mentally prepared. Mental changes in the mother will affect the emotions of the mother. In the third trimester the psychological changes that occur include feeling anxiety and anxiety about the birth of her baby, feelings of fear of death, birth trauma and fear of birth defects. If the emotional influence of the mother is not supported by a harmonious family environment or conducive living environment, then this can cause emotional and physical disturbance (mild to severe). Preventing this from happening, then family social support for pregnant women is very important so that mothers can undergo pregnancy until the delivery process well. This type of research uses a correlation research design with the Spearman correlation test. The number of samples in the study were 30 respondents with a sampling technique that is purposive sampling. This research instrument consisted of 2 questionnaires namely a family social support questionnaire (Likert scale) and an anxiety level questionnaire (Hamilton rating scale for anxiety). The results showed that there was a relationship of family social support with anxiety levels of trimester III primigravida mothers in the face of labor, the Spearman correlation test results obtained r value of 0.751 categorized as "strong" with a value of p 0.00 where p value <0.05. It is expected that health services and Puskesmas agencies can provide counseling / information about family social support in dealing with the delivery process so that every mother does not experience anxiety. Ibu yang sedang menjalani kehamilan mengalami perubahan secara fisik, psikologis dan mental oleh karena itu ibu hamil dituntut tidak hanya harus siap secara fisik, tetapi juga haus siap secara mental. Perubahan secara mental pada ibu akan mempengaruhi emosi ibu. Pada trimester ketiga perubahan psikologis yang terjadi antara lain merasakan kegelisahan dan kekhawatiran mengenai kelahiran bayinya, perasaan takut mati, trauma kelahiran dan ketakutan bayinya lahir cacat. Apabila pengaruh emosi si ibu tidak didukung oleh lingkungan keluarga yang harmonis ataupun lingkungan tempat tinggal yang kondusif, maka hal ini dapat menimbulkan gangguan emosi dan fisik (ringan sampai berat). Mencegah hal tersebut terjadi, maka dukungan sosial keluarga untuk ibu hamil sangatlah penting agar ibu dapat menjalani kehamilan sampai proses persalinan dengan baik. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian korelasi dengan uji statistik korelasi Spearman. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian sebanyak 30 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu Purposive sampling. Instrumen penelitian ini terdiri dari 2 kuesioner yaitu kuesioner dukungan sosial keluarga (scale likert) dan kuesioner tingkat kecemasan (Hamilton rating scale for anxiety). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan dukungan sosial keluarga dengan tingkat kecemasan ibu primigravida trimester III dalam menghadapi proses persalinan, hasil uji korelasi Spearman di dapatkan nilai r 0,751 dikategorikan “kuat” dengan nilai p 0.00 dimana p value < 0.05. Diharapkan bagi pelayanan kesehatan dan instansi Puskesmas supaya dapat memberikan konseling/ informasi tentang dukungan sosial keluarga dalam menghadapi proses persalinan agar setiap ibu tidak mengalami kecemasan.
PENGARUH PELATIHAN DAN PENERAPAN MODEL METODE ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN PROFESIONAL (MAKP) PRIMARY NURSING TERHADAP KUALITAS ASUHAN KEPERAWATAN DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA MEDAN Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa; Lammurni Sagala
Indonesian Trust Health Journal Vol 2 No 2 (2019): Indonesian Trust Health Journal
Publisher : Universitas Murni Teguh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37104/ithj.v2i2.40

Abstract

Improving quality nursing care has become a major concern for all professional health care providers and consumers, research and literature on the quality of providing nursing care is still underdeveloped, especially in Indonesia. The model of primary nursing care (MAKP) nursing method is an assignment method where nurses are responsible to patients for 24 hours from the time the patient enters into discharge, this method embodies the independence of the nurses in implementing care and the model of primary nursing care (MAKP) method of nursing can increase the quality of nursing care services, the purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the model of primary nursing care (MAKP) primary nursing methods on the quality of nursing care. This research is a Quasi Experimental Study with non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design that is observing the effect of using the intervention and control groups without subject randomization. The population in this study were nurses who worked in inpatient and inpatient installations, the sampling technique in this study used purposive sampling technique. Data collection on the quality of nursing care using the Patient's Assessment of Quality Scale - Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV) instrument, based on the results of the Content Validity Index (CVI) test of the Patient's Assessment of Quality Scale - Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV) instrument was 0.98 and the results The reliability test of the Patient's Assessment of Quality Scale - Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV) questionnaire obtained a Cronbach Alpha value of 0.66. The results showed that there was an influence on the application of the primary nursing care professional model (MAKP) primary nursing on improving the quality of nursing care, based on the results of the independent t-test, it was found that the sig (2-tailed) value was 0.00 where <0.05, it could be concluded that there were differences Significant between the quality of nursing care in the intervention group with the quality of nursing care in the control group, it is recommended that all hospitals, especially in North Sumatra, apply the model of primary nursing care method (MAKP) in primary nursing in the implementation of nursing duties in the inpatient room. Abstrak Meningkatkan asuhan keperawatan yang berkualitas telah menjadi perhatian utama bagi semua penyedia layanan kesehatan profesional dan konsumen, penelitian dan literatur tentang kualitas pemberian asuhan keperawatan masih belum berkembang khususnya di Indonesia. Model metode asuhan keperawatan (MAKP) primary nursing merupakan metode penugasan dimana perawat bertanggung jawab kepada pasien selama 24 jam mulai saat pasien masuk sampai dengan keluar, metode ini mewujudkan kemandirian para perawat dalam melaksakan asuhan dan model metode asuhan keperawatan (MAKP) primary nursing dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan asuhan keperawatan, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh model metode asuhan keperawatan profesional (MAKP) primary nursing terhadap kualitas asuhan keperawatan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Quasi Exsperimental Study dengan desain pretest-posttest non equivalent control group yaitu mengobservasi pengaruh dengan menggunakan kelompok intervensi dan kontrol tanpa randomisasi subjek. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu perawat yang bekerja di instalasi rawat inap dan pasien rawat inap, teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data kualitas asuhan keperawatan menggunakan instrumen Patient’s Assessment of Quality Scale – Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV), berdasarkan hasil uji Content Validity Index (CVI) instrumen Patient’s Assessment of Quality Scale – Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV) adalah 0.98 dan hasil uji reliabilitas kuesioner Patient’s Assessment of Quality Scale – Acute Care Version (PAQS-ACV) didapatkan nilai Cronbach Alpha yaitu 0,66. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh penerapan model metode asuhan keperawatan profesional (MAKP) primary nursing terhadap peningkatan kualitas asuhan keperawatan, berdasarkan hasil uji independend t-test di ketahui nilai sig (2-tailed) sebesar 0.00 dimana < 0.05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kualitas asuhan keperawatan pada kelompok intervensi dengan kualitas asuhan keperawatan pada kelompok kontrol, disarankan untuk seluruh rumah sakit khususnya wilayah sumatera utara menerapkan model metode asuhan keperawatan profesional (MAKP) primary nursing dalam pelaksanaan tugas keperawatan diruang rawat inap.
HUBUNGAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP PRESTASI AKADEMIK PADA MAHASISWA YANG MENJALANI PEMBELAJARAN DARING SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19 Muhammad Taufik Daniel Hasibuan; Hendry Kiswanto Mendrofa; Harsudianto Silaen; Yusrial Tarihoran
Indonesian Trust Health Journal Vol 3 No 2 (2020): Indonesian Trust Health Journal
Publisher : Universitas Murni Teguh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37104/ithj.v3i2.65

Abstract

Education is currently experiencing challenges as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, so the government has issued a study from home policy using online methods to reduce the spread of the virus. During the pandemic there was a change in the learning environment and this required adaptation and had an impact on students. The learning environment has an influence on learning motivation and ultimately will affect academic achievement. This study aims to look at the relationship between learning motivation and academic achievement in students who undergo online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. This type of research is quantitative using a cross sectional design and the sample used in this study amounted to 85 people, and simple random sampling was used as a sampling technique for the population. Collecting research data using a questionnaire distributed via google form to facilitate access during a pandemic, and data analysis used using the Spearman test. From the results of the correlation test, it was found that there was no significant relationship between learning motivation and academic achievement in students who underwent online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, p = 0.288. Academic achievement cannot be influenced by motivation alone, but from several supporting factors behind it. Efforts should be made to improve the quality of learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. Abstrak Pendidikan saat ini tengah mengalami tantangan sebagai dampak pandemi Covid-19, sehingga pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan belajar dari rumah dengan menggunakan metode daring untuk menekan laju penyebaran virus. Pada masa pandemi terjadi perubahan lingkungan belajar dan hal ini membutuhkan adaptasi serta menimbulkan dampak bagi mahasiswa. Lingkungan belajar memiliki pengaruh terhadap motivasi belajar dan akhirnya akan mempengaruhi terhadap prestasi akademik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi akademik pada mahasiswa yang menjalani pembelajaran daring selama pandemi covid-19. Jenis penelitan ini kuantitatif dengan menggunakan cross sectional design dan sampel yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 85 orang, serta simple random sampling dipakai sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel pada populasi. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan melalui google form untuk mempermudah akses selama pandemi, serta analisa data yang digunakan memakai uji Spearman. Dari hasil uji korelasi didapatkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara motivasi belajar terhadap prestasi akademik pada mahasiswa yang menjalani pembelajaran daring selama pandemi covid-19, p=0.288. Prestasi akademik tidak dapat dipengaruhi oleh motivasi saja, melainkan dari beberapa faktor pendukung yang melatar belakanginya. Perlu dilakukan upaya terhadap peningkatan kualitas pembelajaran selama pandemi Covid-19.