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Thermal and Infrared Studies of Garnierite from the Soroako Nickeliferous Laterite Deposit, Sulawesi, Indonesia Sufriadin, Sufriadin; Idrus, Arifudin; Pramumijoyo, S.; Warmada, I. W.; Nur, I.; Imai, A.; Imran, A. M.; Kaharuddin, Kaharuddin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Geological Agency

DOI:Â 10.17014/ijog.v7i2.137Mineralogical characterization of some garnierite samples from Soroako have been conducted using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy methods. XRD patterns reveal the samples mainly containing the mixture of kerolite (talc-like phase) and serpentine with minor smectite, sepiolite, and silica. Thermal analyses of garnierite samples indicated by DTA curves are in good agreement with patterns that have been reported in literature. Three endothermic peaks normally occur in the ranges between 58Âº C and <800Âº C illustrating three steps of weight losses: adsorbed, bound, and hydroxyl/crystal water. One additional weight loss in low temperature region of sepiolite is corresponding to the lost of zeolitic water. Infrared spectra appeared in 3800 - 3200 cm-1 region generally exhibit broad absorption bands, indicating low crystallinities of studied samples and can be assigned to the presence of hydroxyl group bonded to octahedral coordination mainly Mg atom. The bands observed at 1660 cm-1, 1639 cm-1, 1637 cm-1, and 1633 cm-1 in all samples indicate water molecules. FTIR spectra displaying the strong bands at 1045 cm-1, 1038 cm-1, and 1036 cm-1 could be related to the presence of Si-O-Si bonds linking to tetrahedral coordination. The strong absorption bands appeared at 511 cm-1, 505 cm-1, 499 cm-1, and 496 cm-1 in respective samples are attributed to divalent cation bonds (e.g. Mg, Ni-O). Both TG/DTA and FTIR seem to be the powerful tool in diagnosing the crystal chemistry of garnierite which is mainly composed of phyllosilicate minerals.

Thermal and Infrared Studies of Garnierite from the Soroako Nickeliferous Laterite Deposit, Sulawesi, Indonesia Sufriadin, Sufriadin; Idrus, Arifudin; Pramumijoyo, S.; Warmada, I. W.; Nur, I.; Imai, A.; Imran, A. M.; Kaharuddin, Kaharuddin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Geological Agency

DOI:Â 10.17014/ijog.v7i2.137Mineralogical characterization of some garnierite samples from Soroako have been conducted using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy methods. XRD patterns reveal the samples mainly containing the mixture of kerolite (talc-like phase) and serpentine with minor smectite, sepiolite, and silica. Thermal analyses of garnierite samples indicated by DTA curves are in good agreement with patterns that have been reported in literature. Three endothermic peaks normally occur in the ranges between 58Âº C and <800Âº C illustrating three steps of weight losses: adsorbed, bound, and hydroxyl/crystal water. One additional weight loss in low temperature region of sepiolite is corresponding to the lost of zeolitic water. Infrared spectra appeared in 3800 - 3200 cm-1 region generally exhibit broad absorption bands, indicating low crystallinities of studied samples and can be assigned to the presence of hydroxyl group bonded to octahedral coordination mainly Mg atom. The bands observed at 1660 cm-1, 1639 cm-1, 1637 cm-1, and 1633 cm-1 in all samples indicate water molecules. FTIR spectra displaying the strong bands at 1045 cm-1, 1038 cm-1, and 1036 cm-1 could be related to the presence of Si-O-Si bonds linking to tetrahedral coordination. The strong absorption bands appeared at 511 cm-1, 505 cm-1, 499 cm-1, and 496 cm-1 in respective samples are attributed to divalent cation bonds (e.g. Mg, Ni-O). Both TG/DTA and FTIR seem to be the powerful tool in diagnosing the crystal chemistry of garnierite which is mainly composed of phyllosilicate minerals.

Thermal and Infrared Studies of Garnierite from the Soroako Nickeliferous Laterite Deposit, Sulawesi, Indonesia Sufriadin, Sufriadin; Idrus, Arifudin; Pramumijoyo, S.; Warmada, I. W.; Nur, I.; Imai, A.; Imran, A. M.; Kaharuddin, Kaharuddin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.7.2.77-85

DOI:Â 10.17014/ijog.v7i2.137Mineralogical characterization of some garnierite samples from Soroako have been conducted using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy methods. XRD patterns reveal the samples mainly containing the mixture of kerolite (talc-like phase) and serpentine with minor smectite, sepiolite, and silica. Thermal analyses of garnierite samples indicated by DTA curves are in good agreement with patterns that have been reported in literature. Three endothermic peaks normally occur in the ranges between 58Âº C and <800Âº C illustrating three steps of weight losses: adsorbed, bound, and hydroxyl/crystal water. One additional weight loss in low temperature region of sepiolite is corresponding to the lost of zeolitic water. Infrared spectra appeared in 3800 - 3200 cm-1 region generally exhibit broad absorption bands, indicating low crystallinities of studied samples and can be assigned to the presence of hydroxyl group bonded to octahedral coordination mainly Mg atom. The bands observed at 1660 cm-1, 1639 cm-1, 1637 cm-1, and 1633 cm-1 in all samples indicate water molecules. FTIR spectra displaying the strong bands at 1045 cm-1, 1038 cm-1, and 1036 cm-1 could be related to the presence of Si-O-Si bonds linking to tetrahedral coordination. The strong absorption bands appeared at 511 cm-1, 505 cm-1, 499 cm-1, and 496 cm-1 in respective samples are attributed to divalent cation bonds (e.g. Mg, Ni-O). Both TG/DTA and FTIR seem to be the powerful tool in diagnosing the crystal chemistry of garnierite which is mainly composed of phyllosilicate minerals.

Analisis Petrografi dan Kualitas Batubara Sinjai, Sulawesi Selatan Sufriadin Sufriadin; Sri Widodo; Yulinaus Mendaun
Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring Vol 20 No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Center of Techonolgy (COT), Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (783.743 KB)

The investigation of coal deposits located in Sinjai Regency has been performed with the aim at elucidation of petrographic and quality of coal represented by ash and sulfur total content and its implication for the potential use of this coal. Field observation indicated the coal seams were relatively thin (<2m) and were associated with well-bedded, fine to medium grained tuffs. Petrografic analysis exhibited that vitrinite is dominant maceral group containing in coal followed by inertinite. Liptine is also present in small amount mainly sporinite and resinite. The mineral matter content was dominated by clay minerals and small quantity of pyrite. The Rv-max value of 0.40% indicates sub bituminous coal rank according to ASTM (1981) classification. Ash content of studied coal ranges from 8.8 to 40.2% indicating a medium to high ash coal whereas total sulfur shows the low concentration (<1%) implying the coal is classified as low sulfur. The elevated concentration of vitrinite in the sample studied indicate the suitability use for solid fuel combustion particularly in power plant and cement factory, whereas the low content of liptinite and inertinite are not favorable for liquifaction and coke making respectively.

Analisis Penurunan Capaian Target Produksi Bijih Nikel Menggunakan Metode Fault Tree Analysis di PT Ifishdeco Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara Aryanti Virtanti Anas; Yoshita P Parissing; Irzal Nur; Sufriadin Sufriadin; Purwanto Purwanto; Meinarni Thamrin; Agus Prasetyono
Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring Vol 24 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Center of Techonolgy (COT), Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25042/jpe.052020.07

Abstrak Proses produksi berarti menghasilkan suatu produk yang bernilai guna. Dalam suatu perusahaan pertambangan, produksi merupakan hal yang sangat penting, sehingga diperlukan perencanaan yang matang. Perusahaan menargetkan jumlah bahan galian yang akan diproduksi baik dalam jangka panjang, menengah maupun jangka pendek. Operasi produksi PT. Ifishdeco menggunakan bantuan alat gali muat excavator Komatsu PC 300 dimana terjadi penurunan produksi bijih nikel sebesar 19,94%. Target produksi sebesar 149.934 mt, namun capaian produksi hanya sebesar 116.603mt. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui faktor utama dan nilai probabilitas penyebab turunnya capaian produksi. Salah satu metode yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor utama penyebab penurunan capaian produksi adalah menggunakan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Persamaan logika top down dari Fault Tree Analysis disubstitusi ke dalam aljabar Boolean hingga diperoleh minimal cut set. Minimal cut set merupakan persamaan akhir yang merincikan top down. Top event penurunan capai target produksi memiliki empat top down, yaitu faktor pengisian, kesiapan fisik alat, efektivitas kerja, dan waktu edar alat gali muat. Berdasarkan nilai probabilitas basic event tertinggi yang bernilai 1, maka faktor utama penyebab penurunan capaian produksi adalah dari faktor umur pakai alat tua, penjadwalan perawatan tidak teratur, kualitas alat buruk, dan proses selective mining. Abstract Analysis of Decrease in Nickel Ore Production Targets Using the Fault Tree Analysis Method in PT Ifishdeco, Southeast Sulawesi Province. Production process meant produce product with beneficial value. At the mining company, production was very important, so it needed to be well-planned. Company was making target amount of digging material to be produced in long term, middle term, and short term. Production operation at PT Ifishdeco utilized digger loader equipment namely excavator Komatsu PC 300. There was decreasing in nickel ore production of 19,94%. Production target was 149,934 mt, but the company was only able to meet 116,603 mt. Objective of this study was to know main factor and probability value which caused the low production performance. One of methods to be used to analyze the main factor was Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Top down logical equations of Fault Tree Analysis was substituted into Boolean algebra to get minimal cut set. Minimal cut set was a formula of the top down and used to calculate probability. Top event of the decreasing of the production target had four top downs which were filling factor, mechanical availability, effectivity of use, and cycle time of digger loader. Based on the highest probability of basic event which value was equal to 1, the main factor caused the decreasing of productivity were lifetime of equipment, unscheduled of maintenance, low quality of equipment, and selective mining. Kata Kunci: Excavator, Work Effectivity, Boolean, Cut Set, Probability

Analisis Perbandingan Kadar Bijih Nikel Laterit Antara Data Bor dan Produksi Penambangan: Implikasinya Terhadap Pengolahan Bijih Pada Blok X, PT. Vale Indonesia, Tbk. Sorowako Mifta Achmad Faiz; Sufriadin Sufriadin; Sri Widodo
Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring Vol 24 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Center of Techonolgy (COT), Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Hasanuddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25042/jpe.052020.13

Nikel laterit merupakan endapan bijih nikel yang terbentuk dari proses pelapukan batuan ultramafik. Sekitar 72% sumber daya nikel dunia berasal dari endapan nikel laterit dan sekitar 15,8% endapan nikel laterit terdapat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Blok X, PT Vale Indonesia yang terletak di Kecamatan Nuha, Kabupaten Luwu Timur, Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kadar bijih nikel laterit antara data bor dan data produksi penambangan, korelasi Ni dengan unsur Mg, Si, Co dan Fe serta implikasinya terhadap pengolahan bijih. Bijih nikel laterit pada data bor memiliki kadar rata-rata Ni sebesar 1,88%, Fe sebesar 21,84%, Co sebesar 0,09%, SiO2 sebesar 29,89%, MgO sebesar 18,32% dan rasio S/M sebesar 1,63. Selanjutnya bijih nikel laterit pada data produksi memiliki kadar rata-rata Ni sebesar 1,76%, Fe sebesar 18,59%, Co sebesar 0,07%, SiO2 sebesar 33.96%, MgO sebesar 21,66% dan rasio S/M sebesar 1,57. Perbedaan tersebut diakibatkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti penyebaran bijih yang tidak merata, dilusi bijih, dan operasional penambangan. Korelasi unsur nikel dengan silika menunjukkan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar +0,3411, dengan magnesia sebesar +0,411, dengan unsur besi sebesar -0,4284 dan dengan kobalt sebesar -0,0271. Hasil perbandingan antara data produksi penambangan dan data spesifikasi umpan pabrik peleburan menunjukkan bahwa secara umum bijih hasil penambangan selama tahun 2019 telah memenuhi spesifikasi. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh data sekitar 66% (8 dari 12 bulan) menunjukkan kadar Fe dan S/M yang memenuh syarat. Selanjutnya produk penambangan pada blok X ini di-blending hingga memenuhi spesifikasi umpan yang diminta oleh pabrik pengolahan.

Thermal and Infrared Studies of Garnierite from the Soroako Nickeliferous Laterite Deposit, Sulawesi, Indonesia Sufriadin Sufriadin; Arifudin Idrus; S. Pramumijoyo; I. W. Warmada; I. Nur; A. Imai; A. M. Imran; Kaharuddin Kaharuddin
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol 7, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : Geological Agency

DOI: 10.17014/ijog.v7i2.137Mineralogical characterization of some garnierite samples from Soroako have been conducted using X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and infrared spectroscopy methods. XRD patterns reveal the samples mainly containing the mixture of kerolite (talc-like phase) and serpentine with minor smectite, sepiolite, and silica. Thermal analyses of garnierite samples indicated by DTA curves are in good agreement with patterns that have been reported in literature. Three endothermic peaks normally occur in the ranges between 58º C and <800º C illustrating three steps of weight losses: adsorbed, bound, and hydroxyl/crystal water. One additional weight loss in low temperature region of sepiolite is corresponding to the lost of zeolitic water. Infrared spectra appeared in 3800 - 3200 cm-1 region generally exhibit broad absorption bands, indicating low crystallinities of studied samples and can be assigned to the presence of hydroxyl group bonded to octahedral coordination mainly Mg atom. The bands observed at 1660 cm-1, 1639 cm-1, 1637 cm-1, and 1633 cm-1 in all samples indicate water molecules. FTIR spectra displaying the strong bands at 1045 cm-1, 1038 cm-1, and 1036 cm-1 could be related to the presence of Si-O-Si bonds linking to tetrahedral coordination. The strong absorption bands appeared at 511 cm-1, 505 cm-1, 499 cm-1, and 496 cm-1 in respective samples are attributed to divalent cation bonds (e.g. Mg, Ni-O). Both TG/DTA and FTIR seem to be the powerful tool in diagnosing the crystal chemistry of garnierite which is mainly composed of phyllosilicate minerals.

Geochemical study of ultramafic rocks from Latowu area of North Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi and its implication for CO2 sequestration S Sufriadin; Sri Widodo; Akane Ito; Tsubasa Otake; Kenzo Sanematsu
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Geochemistry of ultramafic rocks in the Latowu Area of North Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi has been investigated with the aim at deciphering of mineral characteristics, chemical composition and their potential use as carbon dioxide storage. Mineralogy was characterized by both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD); whereas bulk rock and mineral chemistry were analyzed by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) and Electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) respectively. Results of analyses show that lizardite is predominant serpentine mineral present, followed by chrysotile and trace amount of magnetite. Remnants of olivine and pyroxene were detected in some samples but they have been pseudomorphicly replaced by serpentine. Serpentinization of Latowu ultramafic rocks has led to decrease in grain size and density. Lizardite is characterized by fine grained particles with higher in iron. The higher Mg and Fe of the rocks indicate a suitability as feed materials for carbon dioxide sequestration. Mineral and chemical properties of ultramafic rocks have significant role in evaluating the feasibility of mineral carbonation.

Analisis Mineralogi dan Kimia Dolomit Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Provinsi Gorontalo Sufriadin Sufriadin; Purwanto Purwanto; Muhammad Rahmatul Jihad; Astina Aras; Angelia Santoso; Miftah Hujannah
Jurnal Geomine Vol 9, No 2 (2021): Edisi Agustus 2021
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jg.v9i2.922

Characterization of dolomite samples from Bone Bolango, Gorontalo Province have been performed with the objective to find out their mineralogical and chemical compositions. Observation and mineral analyses were carried out by means of microscopy and X-ray diffraction methods respectively; whereas chemical composition was determined by using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. Result of XRD analysis shows that samples contain dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2], calcite [CaCO3] and [SiO2]. The proportion of dolomite is about 60.4% in average and its presence is as replacement of calcite in bioclast components and matrices in the rock. Dolomite crystals are characterized by mosaic texture with euhedral – subhedral in shapes. Spacially, dolomite content increase from west to the east of study area. The XRF analysis reveals that dolomite samples contain MgO ranging between 8.07 and 20.78% while CaO ranges between 30.04 and 56.13%. The SiO2 concentration ranges from 3.50 – 7.55%; whereas Al2O3 ranges from 1.07 – 1.84%. The average MgO content of dolomite about 12.89% can be categorized as calcium dolomite. Dolomite within the study area can be used directly in agriculture sector, but it less suitable as raw materials in glass, ceramic and refractory industries because the average content of MgO is less than 17%. However, it can be increased of their MgO with the application of selective mining or beneficiation process.

Analisis Mineralogi dan Kimia Bentonit Daerah Bone Bolango, Provinsi Gorontalo Sufriadin Sufriadin; Purwanto Purwanto; Nanda Pratiwi Rapele; Chairil Sastria; Shany Sofiah Fauth
Jurnal Geomine Vol 8, No 2 (2020): Edisi Agustus 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33536/jg.v8i2.604

Bentonite is one of industrial mineral deposit that has many applications in industries. In order to optimize its utilization, it is needed an initial assessment about the quality in particularly mineralogical and chemical composition. The objective of this study was to analyze mineralogical and chemical properties of bentonite samples from Bone Bolango Area, Gorontalo Province. Mineralogical analysis was performed by means of microscopic and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods while chemical composition was determined by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. Results of analysis show that bentonite samples were composed of smectite mineral of montmorillonite type with the impurities constitute of plagioclase, quartz, calcite and maghemite. Chemical composition of Bone Bolango bentonite is dominated by SiO2 and Al2O3with the ratio in the range between 1.38 and 1.68. This bentonite was formed by weathering process of volcanic rocks mainly derive from plagioclase alteration. Based on mineral and chemical compositions, Bone Bolango bentonite is categorized as Ca-bentonite with relatively non-swelling property. However it is potentially used as raw materials in ceramic making and as absorbent.

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