Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2019 - 2024
0.23
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Perspektif : Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri Perspektif, Review Penelitian Tanaman Industri
RITA HARNI
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

Published : 17 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 17 Documents
Search

 1   2 
POTENTIAL USE OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA TO CONTROL Pratylenchus brachyurus ON PATCHOULI Harni, Rita; Supramana, Supramana; Supriadi, Supriadi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 13, No 2 (2012): October 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pratylenchus brachyurus is an important parasitic nematode which significantly decreases quality and quantity of patchouli oil. One potential measure for controlling the nematode is by using endophytic bacteria. These bacteria also induce plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of endo-phytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus. The experiments were carried out in the Bacteriological Laboratory of the Plant Protection Department, Bogor Agricultural University, and the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute from April to December 2007. Endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of patchouli plants sampled from various locations in West Java. Antagonistic activity of the isolates were selected against P. brachyurus and their abilities to induce plant growth of patch-ouli plants. Isolates having ability to control P. brachyurus and promote plant growth were identified by molecular techniques using 16S rRNA universal primers. The results showed that a total of 257 isolates of endophytic bacteria were obtained from patchouli roots and their population density varied from 2.3 x 102 to 6.0 x 105 cfu g-1 fresh root. As many as 60 isolates (23.34%) were antagonistic against P. brachyurus causing 70-100% mortality of the namatode, 72 isolates (28.01%) stimu-lated plant growth, 32 isolates (12.47%) inhibited plant growth, and 93 isolates (36.18%) were neutral. Based on their antago-nistic and plant growth enhancer characters, five isolates of the bacteria, namely Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, and Bacillus subtilis NJ57 suppressed 74.0-81.6% nema-tode population and increased 46.97-86.79% plant growth. The study implies that the endophytic bacteria isolated from patchouly roots are good candidates for controlling P. brachyurus on patchouly plants. Bahasa IndonesiaPratylenchus brachyurus adalah nematoda parasit pada tana-man nilam yang dapat menurunkan hasil dan kualitas minyak nilam. Salah satu cara pengendalian yang potensial terhadap nematoda tersebut adalah menggunakan bakteri endofit. Selain dapat membunuh nematoda, bakteri endofit juga dapat meng-induksi pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk  mengevaluasi potensi bakteri endofit yang berasal dari tanaman nilam untuk mengendalikan namatoda parasit P. brachyurus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteriologi, Departemen Proteksi Tanaman, Institut Pertanian Bogor, serta di  laboratorium dan rumah kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, pada bulan April sampai Desember 2007. Bakteri endofit diisolasi dari sampel akar tanaman nilam dari beberapa lokasi di Jawa Barat. Isolat-isolat bakteri endofit diseleksi kemampuannya untuk membunuh P. brachyurus dan menginduksi pertumbuhan tanam-an nilam. Isolat bakteri endofit yang potensial selanjutnya diidentifikasi secara molekuler menggunakan primer universal 16S rRNA. Penelitian memperoleh 257 isolat bakteri endofit dengan kerapatan populasi 2,3 x 102 sampai 6,0 x 105  cfu g-1 berat basah akar. Enam puluh isolat (23,34%) di antaranya bersifat antagonis terhadap P. brachyurus dengan mortalitas 70-100%, 72 isolat (28,01%) dapat memacu pertumbuhan tanaman nilam, 93 isolat (36,18%) bersifat netral, dan 32 isolat (12,47%) dapat menghambat pertumbuhan tanaman. Berdasarkan hasil peng-ujian antagonis dan pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman, lima isolat bakteri, yaitu Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16,  Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK, dan Bacillus subtilis NJ57 dapat menekan populasi nematoda 74,0-81,6% dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan nilam 46,97-86,79%. Penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri endofit dari tanaman nilam berpotensi mengendalikan P. brachyurus pada tanaman nilam.
PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH DAN COKELAT PADA JAMBU METE DAN STRATEGI PENGENDALIANNYA Harni, Rita; Amaria, Widi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

White and brown root rot fungus in cashew and the controling strategy. The development of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) has agreat opportunity, because the national contribution of cashew is still relatively small in world markets. Center prodcuction of the crop in of cashewin eastern Indonesia such as Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, NTB and NTT. In increasing productivity of cashew crop in Indonesia, there aresymptoms of white and brown roots diseases which can cause the death of cashew plant. White Root Rot Fungus (WRF) is caused by Rigidophoruslignosus and Rigidophorus microporus, whereas Brown Root Rot Fungus (BRF) is caused by Phellinus noxius. The symptoms of both diseases arerizomorf in roots and base of the stem, when they attack on the advanced stage, leaves become yellow, fall, dried, canopy only branches andsubsequent plant death. WRF and BRF can survive in soil for many years and is a source of infection for healthy cashew. Transmission of the diseasethrough contact with the roots of diseased plants and healthy plants. Control WRF and BRF recommended in an integrated manner, i.e. resistantvarieties, technical culture, biological agents, mechanical and chemical.
EVALUASI KETAHANAN SEPULUH AKSESI JAMBU METE TERHADAP PENYAKIT BUSUK AKAR FUSARIUM Supriadi, Handi; Taufik, Efi; Harni, Rita
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew to fusarium root rot disease. Cashew is a commodity that has an important role in improving the welfare of farmers, especially in areas with dry climates and poor nutrients. One obstacle in the development of cashew nut is the presence of Fusarium  attacks that can shut down the plant in the nursery. Research evaluation of resistancies of ten accessions of cashew against Fusarium root rot disease, which aimed to get the accessions that resistant to Fusarium root rotdisease has been conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of Indonesian Spices and Industrial Crops Rresearch Institute (ISICRI) January to December 2009. Research using completely randomized design with 10 treatments and three replications. Treatments were the type of accsession namely Arsyad Labone, Sri Lanka,JT-21, Laode Head, Laode Gani, Sleman Red, Nigeria, Laode Kase, JN 26, NDR-31. The result obtained one cashew accessions highly resistant namely JN-26, and two accessions that resistant that is Laode Gani, and Sleman Red with root rot disease incidence of each 0; 6.67, and 9.52% at the age of two months after inoculation.
Potensi Bakteri Kitinolitik untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal Batang Lada ( Phytophthora capsici) Harni, Rita; Amaria, Widi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Salah satu kendala dalam peningkatan produktivitas lada adalah adanya serangan penyakit busuk pangkal batang  yang disebabkan oleh Phytophthora capsici, akibat infeksi patogen ini dapat menurunkan hasil lada 10-15% setiap tahunnya. Penelitian potensi bakteri kitinolitik untuk mengendalikan penyakit busuk pangkal batang lada telah dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kaca Kelompok Peneliti Proteksi Tanaman Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri dari bulan Juni-November 2011. Bakteri kitinolitik yang digunakan merupakan isolat terbaik hasil seleksi bakteri kitinolitik di laboratorium. Isolat diisolasi dari beberapa tanaman yaitu lada, bintaro dan kelapa sawit. Isolat yang digunakan adalah: LP4, BP2, LB12, LB19, LB20, LB31, LL5, LL18, dan E10. Sebagai pembanding digunakan isolat bakteri kitinolitik TT2 yang sudah teruji keefektifannya. Penelitian terdiri dari 3  kegiatan yaitu (1) Analisis ekspresi kitinase, (2) Uji Antagonis bakteri kitinolitik terhadap P. capsici in vitro, dan (3) Pengujian isolat bakteri kitinolitik  terhadap P. capsici pada tanaman lada di rumah  kaca. Hasil penelitian diperoleh 4 isolat dengan aktivitas kitinase tinggi yaitu BP2, LB19, LL5, dan LL18, sedangkan 6 isolat lainnya mempunyai aktivitas kitinase rendah sampai sedang. Kemampuan antagonis ke-10 isolat bakteri kitinolitik terhadap P. capsici memperlihatkan daya antagonis yang sama yaitu 64,4-85,6%, tetapi pengaruhnya terhadap P. capsici di rumah kaca diperoleh 3 isolat  (E10, BP2, LP4) yang potensial menekan penyakit BPB lada dengan intensitas serangan 34,33-43,97%, sedangkan pada kontrol 73,37%. Beberapa isolat bakteri kitinase dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman lada di banding dengan kontrol. Potential of chytinolytic bacteria to control Phytophthora capsici (foot rot disease) on black pepperABSTRACTOne of many problems in increasing productivity of black pepper is foot rot disease caused by Phytophthora capsici. This pathogen infection may reduce 10-15% of yields each year. A study on potential chitinolytic bacteria to control foot rot disease of black pepper was carried out at Laboratory and Greenhouse of Plant Protection, Indonesian Research Institute for Spice and Industrial Crops, from June to November 2011. Chitinolytic bacterial isolates used is the best ones of some selected chitinolytic bacteria. The isolates were isolated from different plants, namely black pepper, bintaro and palm oil. In these experiments isolates used were LP4, BP2, LB12, LB19, LB20, LB31, LL5, LL18, and E10, while its control was chitinolytic bacterial isolate TT2, an isolate having high effectiveness. The study consist of three activities: (1) Analysis of chitinase expression, (2) Test antagonists of chitinolytic bacteria against P. capsici in vitro (3) Testing of chitinolytic bacteria isolates against P. capsici on black pepper in greenhouse. Results have identified 4 isolates (BP2, LB19, LL5, and LL18) having high in chitinase expression, whereas six other isolates have low to medium in chitinase expression. Antagonistic ability against P. capsici from all isolates (10 isolates) showed the same inhibitory ranging from 64.4 to 85.6%, but its effect against P. capsici at greenhouse was obtained 3 isolates (E10, BP2, LP4) which have suppressive potential to foot rot disease of black pepper with attacks intensity of 34.33 to 43.97% level, while that of control was 73.37%. The ten isolates also increased better growth of black pepper compared with the control.
Pemanfaatan Agens Hayati Endofit untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Kuning pada Tanaman Lada Harni, Rita; Munif, Abdul
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penyakit kuning merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman lada di Indonesia. Kerugian akibat serangan penyakit kuning dapat menurunkan produksi sampai 32%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan agens hayati dari kelompok bakteri dan jamur endofit untuk mengendalikan penyakit kuning yang disebabkan oleh Meloidogyne incognita, Radopholus similis pada tanaman lada. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun lada petani di daerah Petaling, Bangka. Bakteri endofit yang digunakan merupakan isolat endofit yang diisolasi dari akar tanaman lada dan beberapa isolat bakteri dan jamur endofit koleksi yang potensinya telah diuji. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) 7 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Tanaman lada percobaan berumur 15 bulan diperlakukan dengan isolat endofit (MER7, AA2, ANIC, TT2, dan TRI) dan nematisida karbofuran digunakan sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan agens hayati endofit dapat menekan kejadian penyakit kuning dan populasi nematoda di dalam akar.  Selain itu perlakuan agens hayati endofit dapat meningkatkan jumlah bunga per ruas dan bobot basah lada pada panen I. Isolat yang paling potensial adalah ANIC dan TRI (Trichoderma), yang keefektifannya sama dengan nematisida kimia karbofuran.  The Use of Endophytic Biological Agents to Control of Yellow Disease in Black PepperABSTRACT There are increasingly efforts to control the yellow disease in black pepper through application of biological agents endophytic along with the dangers of pesticide uses and awareness of environmentally friendly agriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of endophytic biological agents (bacteria and fungi) on the disease caused by nematodes of M. incognita and R. smilis. The study was conducted on the farmer garden located at Petaling, Bangka. A randomized complete block design with 7 treatments and 5 replications was used in this study.  The black peppers were treated with endophytic isolates (MER7, AA2, ANIC, TT2, TRI) and carbofuran, chemical nematicide, as control (not treated). The endophytic agents used in this study were isolated from roots of black pepper and some selected endophytic collections. The results showed that some endophytic agents were able to suppress the incidence of yellow disease and nematode populations in the roots, and increase in the number of flowers and fresh weight of  black pepper berry. The promising isolates being able to control the disease are ANIC and TRI (Trichoderma) on which their effectiveness are similar to the carbofuran.
EFFICACY OF ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA IN REDUCING PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODE Pratylenchus brachyurus Harni, Rita; Supramana, Supramana; Supriadi, Supriadi
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 15, No 1 (2014): April 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development - MOA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pratylenchus brachyurus is a major parasitic nematode on patchouli that reduces plant production up to 85%. The use of endophytic bacteria is promising for controlling nematode and promoting plant growth through production of phytohormones and enhancing the availability of soil nutrients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of endophytic bacteria to control P. brachyurus on patchouli plant and its influence on plant productions (plant fresh weight and patchouli oil). The study was conducted at Cimanggu Experimental Garden and Laboratory of the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute (ISMECRI), Bogor, West Java. The experi-ment was designed in a randomized block with seven treatments and eight replications; each replication consisted of 10 plants. The treatments evaluated were five isolates of endophytic bacteria (Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2, Alcaligenes faecalis NJ16, Pseudomonas putida EH11, Bacillus cereus MSK and Bacillus subtilis NJ57), synthetic nematicide as a reference, and non-treated plant as a control.  Four-week old patchouli plants of cv. Sidikalang were treated by soaking the roots in suspension of endophytic bacteria (109 cfu  ml-1) for one hour before trans-planting to the field. At one month after planting, the plants were drenched with the bacterial suspension as much as 100 ml per plant. The results showed that applications of the endophytic bacteria could suppress the nematode populations (52.8-80%) and increased plant weight (23.62-57.48%) compared to the control. The isolate of endophytic bacterium Achromobacter xylosoxidans TT2 was the best and comparable with carbofuran.
Pemanfaatan Agens Hayati Endofit untuk Mengendalikan Penyakit Kuning pada Tanaman Lada Harni, Rita; Munif, Abdul
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Penyakit kuning merupakan penyakit penting pada tanaman lada di Indonesia. Kerugian akibat serangan penyakit kuning dapat menurunkan produksi sampai 32%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh penggunaan agens hayati dari kelompok bakteri dan jamur endofit untuk mengendalikan penyakit kuning yang disebabkan oleh Meloidogyne incognita, Radopholus similis pada tanaman lada. Penelitian dilakukan di kebun lada petani di daerah Petaling, Bangka. Bakteri endofit yang digunakan merupakan isolat endofit yang diisolasi dari akar tanaman lada dan beberapa isolat bakteri dan jamur endofit koleksi yang potensinya telah diuji. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) 7 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan. Tanaman lada percobaan berumur 15 bulan diperlakukan dengan isolat endofit (MER7, AA2, ANIC, TT2, dan TRI) dan nematisida karbofuran digunakan sebagai pembanding. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan agens hayati endofit dapat menekan kejadian penyakit kuning dan populasi nematoda di dalam akar.  Selain itu perlakuan agens hayati endofit dapat meningkatkan jumlah bunga per ruas dan bobot basah lada pada panen I. Isolat yang paling potensial adalah ANIC dan TRI (Trichoderma), yang keefektifannya sama dengan nematisida kimia karbofuran.  The Use of Endophytic Biological Agents to Control of Yellow Disease in Black PepperABSTRACT There are increasingly efforts to control the yellow disease in black pepper through application of biological agents endophytic along with the dangers of pesticide uses and awareness of environmentally friendly agriculture. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of endophytic biological agents (bacteria and fungi) on the disease caused by nematodes of M. incognita and R. smilis. The study was conducted on the farmer garden located at Petaling, Bangka. A randomized complete block design with 7 treatments and 5 replications was used in this study.  The black peppers were treated with endophytic isolates (MER7, AA2, ANIC, TT2, TRI) and carbofuran, chemical nematicide, as control (not treated). The endophytic agents used in this study were isolated from roots of black pepper and some selected endophytic collections. The results showed that some endophytic agents were able to suppress the incidence of yellow disease and nematode populations in the roots, and increase in the number of flowers and fresh weight of  black pepper berry. The promising isolates being able to control the disease are ANIC and TRI (Trichoderma) on which their effectiveness are similar to the carbofuran.
PENYAKIT JAMUR AKAR PUTIH DAN COKELAT PADA JAMBU METE DAN STRATEGI PENGENDALIANNYA Harni, Rita; Amaria, Widi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

White and brown root rot fungus in cashew and the controling strategy. The development of cashew (Anacardium occidentale) has agreat opportunity, because the national contribution of cashew is still relatively small in world markets. Center prodcuction of the crop in of cashewin eastern Indonesia such as Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, NTB and NTT. In increasing productivity of cashew crop in Indonesia, there aresymptoms of white and brown roots diseases which can cause the death of cashew plant. White Root Rot Fungus (WRF) is caused by Rigidophoruslignosus and Rigidophorus microporus, whereas Brown Root Rot Fungus (BRF) is caused by Phellinus noxius. The symptoms of both diseases arerizomorf in roots and base of the stem, when they attack on the advanced stage, leaves become yellow, fall, dried, canopy only branches andsubsequent plant death. WRF and BRF can survive in soil for many years and is a source of infection for healthy cashew. Transmission of the diseasethrough contact with the roots of diseased plants and healthy plants. Control WRF and BRF recommended in an integrated manner, i.e. resistantvarieties, technical culture, biological agents, mechanical and chemical.
Keefektifan Beberapa Formula Fungisida Nabati Eugenol dan Sitronella terhadap Phytophthora palmivora Bult. Asal Kakao Harni, Rita; Amaria, Widi; Supriadi, Supriadi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Phytophthora palmivora merupakan patogen utama pada tanaman kakao di seluruh dunia. Akibat serangan patogen ini menyebabkan kerugian sebesar 25-50%. Pengendalian patogen ini masih mengandalkan fungisida sintetik yang dikhawatirkan berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Fungisida nabati yang mengandung minyak atsiri, merupakan alternatif pengendalian yang lebih ramah lingkungan. Penelitian bertujuan mengevaluasi pengaruh formula eugenol, sitronella, asam salisilat dan silikon terhadap pertumbuhan P. palmivora. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kaca Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar dari Maret sampai Agustus 2012. Minyak cengkeh (CK), serai wangi (SW), asam salisilat (AS) dan silikon cair (SI) digunakan sebagai bahan utama pembuatan formula. Formula yang diuji, yaitu (1) Eugenol, (2) Sitronella, (3) CK+SW, (4) SW+SI, (5) SW+AS, (6) CK+SI, dan (7) CK+AS. Percobaan dirancang secara acak lengkap dengan 5 ulangan. Pengujian formula terhadap pertumbuhan P. palmivora in vitro dilakukan dengan menginokulasikan potongan agar berisi kultur jamur pada permukaan PDA yang mengandung formula, sedangkan pengujian formula pada buah dan bibit kakao diuji di rumah kaca. Kadar fenol dan lignin dalam jaringan daun bibit kakao dianalisis untuk mengetahui mekanisme pertahanan tanaman terhadap infeksi patogen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua formula yang diuji menghambat pertumbuhan dan biomassa P. palmivora pada kondisi in vitro, dan perkembangan gejala penyakit pada buah serta bibit kakao. Formula eugenol + asam salisilat mampu menghambat total pertumbuhan dan bioassay patogen pada media PDA, menekan perkembangan penyakit 65,2% pada buah dan 66,25% pada bibit, serta meningkatkan kadar senyawa fenol dan lignin dalam jaringan daun.Kata Kunci: Kakao, Phytophthora palmivora, eugenol, sitronella, fungisida nabatiPhytophthora palmivora is a major pathogen of cacao plants on the world. This pathogen caused 25-50% losses. The pathogen is commonly controlled with synthetic fungicide uses which may hazard for human and environment if used unwisely. Botanical fungicides containing essential oils offer more environmentally friendly control method. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of seven botanical fungicide formulas containing clove oil and citronella oil on P. palmivora. The study was conducted in the Laboratory and Greenhouse of the Indonesian Research Institute for Industrial and Beverage Crops from March to August 2012. A randomized complete designed with five replicates was used. Seven formulas tested were: (1) eugenol (CK), (2) citronella (SW), (3) CK+SW, (4) SW+ silicone (SI), (5) SW+salycilic acid (AS), (6) CK+SI, dan (7) CK+AS. The effects of formulas on growth and biomass of P. palmivora in vitro were tested by culturing the pathogen on solid PDA medium whereas its effect on disease developments was tested by inoculating cacao pods on fruits and seedlings. In addition, the phenol and lignin contents in the inoculated seedlings were assessed to support disease inhibition mechanism. The results showed that all the formulas tested inhibited the growth and biomass of P. palmivora in vitro. The highest inhibition was shown by the formula of clove oil mixed with salicylic acid. Disease developments on inoculated cocoa pods and seedlings reduced of 66.25% and 65.2% respectively, and increased levels of lignin and phenol in the leaves.
Seleksi dan Identifikasi Jamur Antagonis Sebagai Agens Hayati Jamur Akar Putih Rigidoporus microporus pada Tanaman Karet Amaria, Widi; Taufiq, Efi; Harni, Rita
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Jamur akar putih (Rigidoporus microporus) merupakan patogen utama pada tanaman karet yang sulit pengendaliannya karenamempunyai struktur bertahan dalam tanah (klamidospora). Pengendalian hayati dengan jamur antagonis sangat potensial digunakanuntuk mengendalikan patogen tular tanah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri danPenyegar, mulai Februari sampai Juli 2012 dengan tujuan untuk menyeleksi dan mengidentifikasi jamur antagonis yang potensialmengendalikan patogen R. microporus pada tanaman karet. Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu (1) pengambilan sampel padabeberapa perkebunan karet di daerah Lampung, Sumatera Selatan, Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Barat dan (2) isolasi, seleksi, karakterisasimorfologi dan identifikasi di Laboratorium Proteksi Tanaman, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar. Hasil isolasi jamurantagonis dari rizosfer dan akar tanaman karet diperoleh 209 isolat. Berdasarkan persentase daya hambat terseleksi 12 isolat antagonis,yaitu 8 isolat rizosfer (Trichoderma virens, 2 isolat Trichoderma hamatum, 2 isolat Trichoderma amazonicum, Penicillium pinophilum,Paecilomyces lilacinus, dan Aspergillus fijiensis), dan 4 isolat endofit (Eupenicillium javanicum, Penicillium simplicissimum, Penicillium citrinum,dan Hypocrea atroviridis). Kedua belas isolat tersebut merupakan jamur antagonis potensial untuk mengendalikan penyakit JAP padakaret.Kata Kunci: Rigidoporus microporus, seleksi, identifikasi, jamur antagonisWhite root disease caused by Rigidoporus microporus is the main pathogen in rubber growing. The diseases is hard to be controlled because of itschlamydospore in soil. The use of antagonistic fungi is a potential approach being able to control the soil borne disease. A study was established atlaboratory of The Indonesian Research Institute for Industrial and Beverage Crops from February to July 2012. The objective of the study was to selectand identify some antagonistic fungi which are able to control R. microporus in rubber. The steps of study conducted were (1) collecting of soilsamples (as sources of antagonistic fungi) taken from several rubber plantations in Lampung, South Sumatra, Central Java and West Java, and (2)isolation, selection, and identification of morphological characteristics of the isolates at the Plant Protection Laboratory of The Research Institute.Results obtained 209 isolates of antagonistic fungi from rhizosphere and endophyte in rubber. There are 12-selected antagonistic isolates consisting of8 rhizosphere and 4 endophytic isolates. The rhizosphere isolates are Trichoderma virens, 2 isolates of Trichoderma hamatum, 2 isolates ofTrichoderma amazonicum, and one each of Penicillium pinophilum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, and Aspergillus fijiensis), whereas theendophytic isolates are Eupenicillium javanicum, Penicillium simplicissimum, Penicillium citrinum, and Hypocrea atroviridis of oneeach. The twelve isolates are antagonistic fungi in which the white root disease may be likely controlled.
Co-Authors . Supramana Amaria, Widi Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Baharuddin Baharuddin Efi Taufik Efi Taufiq Handi Supriadi I Ketut Suada Khaerati Khaerati, Khaerati Supriadi Supriadi Widi Amaria