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Pengaruh pH terhadap Penurunan Zat Warna Remazol Yellow FG oleh Adsorben Selulosa Bakterial Nata De Coco Lailatul Maghfiroh; Ita Ulfin; Hendro Juwono
Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS Vol 5, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (LPPM), ITS

Adsorpsi Remazol Yellow FG oleh adsorben selulosa bakterial nata de coco telah dilakukan. Adsorben selulosa bakterial nata de coco dibuat dari nata de coco kering yang telah dihaluskan dan lolos ayakan 30 - 40 mesh. Adsorpsi dilakukan dengan metode ruah/batch dengan mengamati parameter pH adsorbat. Proses adsorpsi dilakukan pada kondisi konsentrasi adsorbat 100 mg/L, waktu kontak 45 menit dan jumlah adsorben 0,1000 gram dengan kecepatan pengadukan 400 rpm. Dari hasil percobaan diperoleh kondisi optimum adsorpsi pada pH 2 dengan prosentase penurunan konsentrasi adsorbat sebesar 94,620% dan kapasitas adsorpsi sebesar 11, 264 mg/g.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ZINC STEARATE TERHADAP DEGRADASI TERMAL PADA PADUANAKRILONITRIL-BUTADIENA-STIRENADAN POLIPROPILENASERTAKARAKTERISASI MEKANIK DAN INFRA MERAH Reni Tri Y.S.; Hendro Juwono; Sudirman Sudirman
Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia Vol 4, No 3: JUNI 2003
Publisher : Center for Science & Technology of Advanced Materials - National Nuclear Energy Agency

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ZINC STEARATE TERHADAP DEGRADASI TERMAL PADA PADUANAKRILONITRIL-BUTADIENA-STIRENADAN POLIPROPILENASERTAKARAKTERISASI MEKANIK DAN INFRA MERAH. Perkembangan polimer yang sangat cepat tidak lepas dari kebutuhan hidup manusia yang membutuhkan bahan polimer baru dengan sifat yang lebih baik. Blending (polipaduan) adalah salah satu cara untuk menjawab kebutuhan tersebut, baik tanpa ataupun dengan bahan aditif. Penelitian polipaduan Akrilonitril-Butadiena-Stirena (ABS) dan Polipropilen (PP) dengan penambahan zinc stearate dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh, baik secara fisik maupun kimia, bahan hasil paduan terhadap degradasi termal. Polipaduan ABS dan PP dibuat dengan variasi komposisi 95:5, 80:20, 65:35, 50:50 dengan penambahan 0%, 2%, 4%,dan 6% zinc stearate. Paduan tersebut diproses dengan alat rheomix selama 7 menit untuk komposisi. Bahan hasil proses paduan selanjutnya didegradasi secara termal menggunakan oven dengan suhu 80OC selama 300 jam. Karakteristik bahan polipaduan menggunakan uji mekanik dan infra merah (FT-IR) baik sebelum dan sesudah didegradasi. Dari uji mekanik diperoleh hasil bahwa komposisi 95 : 5 dengan penambahan 2% zinc stearate merupakan komposisi terbaik. Dari uji dengan FTIR diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa bahan setelah di degradasi termal selama 300 jam terjadi degradasi meskipun tidak dapat dihitung nilai indeks karbonilnya.

Production of Hydrocarbon (C7-C20) from Hydrocracking of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters on Pd/Al-MCM-41 Catalyst Hendro Juwono; Triyono Triyono; Sutarno Sutarno; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Harmami Harmami; Ita Ulfin; Fredy Kurniawan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering - Diponegoro University

The production of hydrocarbon (C7-C20) and alcohol (C11-C19) from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) compound are produced from the transesterification of the seed oil of the Nyamplung that has been conducted by the catalytic hydrocracking using Al-MCM-41 and Pd2+-impregnated-Al-MCM-41 catalysts. The performance of catalysts were compared by various analysis including the acidity that was determined by pyridine and FTIR, the crystal structure observed by XRD, the surface area and pore volume analyzed by BET/BJH, the surface morphology observed by TEM, the metal on the surface of catalyst observed by XPS and the product of the hydrocracking analyzed by GC-MS. Hexagonal structure of the MCM-41(100) was shown in the 2θ = 3o-5o of the diffractogram. The presence of impregnated Al and Pd observed at the 2θ = 20o and 34o, respectively. The Pd/Al-MCM-41 catalyst was more acidic than Al-MCM-41 catalyst. The surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased after the impregnation process. The tendency of catalytic hydrocracking of hydrocarbon produced was indicated that more amount of Palladium have more hydrocarbons aliphatic than alcohol.

THE INFLUENCE OF Pd IMPREGNATION INTO Al-MCM-41 ON THE CHARACTERS AND ACTIVITY FOR BIOGASOLINE PRODUCTION BY CATALYTIC HYDROCRACKING OF FAMEs FROM NYAMPLUNG SEED OIL (Calophyllum Inophyllum) Hendro Juwono; Triyono Triyono; Sutarno Sutarno; Endang Tri Wahyuni
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Biogasoline have been synthesized through catalytic hydrocracking reaction against FAMEs compounds (fatty acid methyl esters) obtained from the transesterification of Nyamplung seed oil. The performance of Al-MCM-41 and Pd/Al-MCM-41 as the catalytic hydrocracking was compared. In this research, the influence of Pd impregnation into Al-MCM-41 catalyst on the characters and catalytic activity has been evaluated. The characters determined were crystallinity by using X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), Si/Al ratio by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), the acidity by pyridine adsorption, the surface area and pore volume by surface area analyzer and the morphology by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Catalytic activity was examined for hydrocracking of free fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) produced from the transesterification of Nyamplung seed oil, by Hydrogen flowing. The research result showed that impregnation of Pd into Al-MCM-41 has been successfully carried out, which did not destroy the structural morphology of the catalyst. It was also discovered that the Pd impregnation could increase Si/Al ratio and the acidity but it leads to decrease in the catalyst surface area and the volume. Furthermore, Pd impregnated Al-MCM-41 showed superior activity compared to Al-MCM-41 for FAMEs hydrocracking. The superiority was indicated by higher effectiveness and yields selectiveness, that were 100% hydrocarbon composed of C9-C18 that was dominated by C12 emerging the gasoline fraction, compared of that by the results used Al-MCM-41 catalyst that were 97% hydrocarbon consisted of C8-C20 with equal abundance.

Production of Biodiesel from Seed Oil of Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) by Al-MCM-41 and Its Performance in Diesel Engine Hendro Juwono; Triyono Triyono; Sutarno Sutarno; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Ita Ulfin; Fredy Kurniawan
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Vol 17, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Production of biodiesel from crude nyamplung oil (Calophyllum inophyllum) have been done by transesterification using Al-MCM-41 catalyst. Al-MCM-41 catalyst was obtained from impregnation of MCM-41 by Al. Sodium aluminate was added to MCM-41 until pH 11.5. The mixture was heated until 110 °C for 5 days. The calcination was performed at 500 °C, and then cooled at room temperature. The Al-MCM-41 obtained was characterized using SAXRD. Morphology of the surface was analyzed using SEM. The metals content were measured using XPS. Performance of Al-MCM-41 to adsorp and desorp nitrogen was also monitored by GSA using BET model. Acidity of the Al-MCM-41 was analyzed by FTIR using absorption of pyridine. The catalytic activity was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The chromatogram shows that conversion Nyamplung seed oil to biodiesel is 98.15%. The performance of biodiesel obtained was analyzed by use it to diesel engine. The biodiesel obtained was mixed with commercial diesel fuel in various volume ratios (i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100%) before used. Viscosity, flash point, boiling point, cloud point, and pour point of the mixtures were characterized. These measuring properties increase with the increase of biodiesel concentration. Optimum engine power was achieved by 10% biodiesel. The mixture of 10% biodiesel has similar characteristic to commercial diesel fuel at load until 1800 watt.

Production of Hydrocarbon (C7-C20) from Hydrocracking of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters on Pd/Al-MCM-41 Catalyst Hendro Juwono; Triyono Triyono; Sutarno Sutarno; Endang Tri Wahyuni; Harmami Harmami; Ita Ulfin; Fredy Kurniawan
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2017: BCREC Volume 12 Issue 3 Year 2017 (December 2017)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.12.3.811.337-342

The production of hydrocarbon (C7-C20) and alcohol (C11-C19) from fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) compound are produced from the transesterification of the seed oil of the Nyamplung that has been conducted by the catalytic hydrocracking using Al-MCM-41 and Pd2+-impregnated-Al-MCM-41 catalysts. The performance of catalysts were compared by various analysis including the acidity that was determined by pyridine and FTIR, the crystal structure observed by XRD, the surface area and pore volume analyzed by BET/BJH, the surface morphology observed by TEM, the metal on the surface of catalyst observed by XPS and the product of the hydrocracking analyzed by GC-MS. Hexagonal structure of the MCM-41(100) was shown in the 2θ = 3o-5o of the diffractogram. The presence of impregnated Al and Pd observed at the 2θ = 20o and 34o, respectively. The Pd/Al-MCM-41 catalyst was more acidic than Al-MCM-41 catalyst. The surface area and pore volume of the catalyst decreased after the impregnation process. The tendency of catalytic hydrocracking of hydrocarbon produced was indicated that more amount of Palladium have more hydrocarbons aliphatic than alcohol.

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