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CCR2-V64IPolymorphism in Multidrug-Resistant TuberculosisPatients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta Windhy Monica; Afiono Agung Prasetyo; Marwoto .
Nexus Biomedika Vol 4, No 3 (2015): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background: Genetic variants of CCR2 (CC chemokine receptor type 2) are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis (TB), however its association with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is still unknown. The aim of the present study was to find out the status of CCR2-V64I polymorphisms among MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta. Methods: Blood samples from 36 MDR-TB patients in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital in Surakarta were subjected to DNA isolation. The DNA was genotyped for CCR2-V64I polymorphisms by a polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Results: The wild type (GG) was found in 21/36 (58%) samples. The heterozygous genotype (GA), homozygous genotype (AA), and A allele frequencies in the population respectively were 39%, 3%, and 22%. Conclusion: The frequency of mutant type (GA and AA) was found lower than the wild type (GG) in the population of MDR-TB patients. Keywords: CCR2-V64I, MDR-TB, Surakarta

Antimicrobial Effect of Ethanol Extract of Red Betel Leaf (Piper crocatum) on the Growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria Edbert Wielim; Marwoto .; Zulaika Nur Afifah
Nexus Biomedika Vol 6, No 1 (2017): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Background:Red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) as a herbal plant has been exist through generations, and can be trusted to heal many diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, and hemoroid. According to the research, red betel leaf has some compounds that can be used as antibiotics for example like, flavonoid, alkaloid, tanin, and essential oil. Klebsiella pneumoniae is one cause of nosocomial infection, which Klebsiella pneumoniae has been resistant to certain antibiotics known as Extended Spectrum b Lactamase (ESBL). The purpose of this research is to know the effect of Ethanol extract red betel the Growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods: This research was an laboratory experimental with post test only with contro group design, conducted in Microbiology Laboratory Faculty of Medicine of Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. The sample were ATCC standard of Klebsilla pneumonia, clinics isolate of ESBL, and clinics isolate of non ESBL. ESBL and biochemical test were attempted first. After ESBL were proven, the next step was preliminary test and according to preliminary test, 70% ethanol extract of red betel leaf was used for this research. Negative control was ethanol 70%, positive control was cefoperazone+sulbactam, and treatment group was 70% ethanol extract of red beter leaf. Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney were used for analyse the data in this research. Results: According to the research, there was no inhibiton zone that formed on negative control, ethanol extract 70% of clinics isolate of non ESBL, and clinics isolate of ESBL. Inhibition zone formed on ethanol extract 70% of ATCC (10,3 0,57 mm), positive control of ATCC (37,5 1,15 mm), positive control of clinics isolate of non ESBL (36,1 5,63 mm), and positive control of clinics isolate of ESBL (23,9 1,19 mm). Kruskal Wallis showed there was statistically significant difference to all the sample (p= 0,000). Mann Whitney showed there was statistically difference between ethanol extract 70% of ATCC with clinics isolate of ESBL and clinics isolate of non ESBL (p=0,01), positive control of clicnis isolate of ESBL with ATCC (p= 0,219), and ethanol extract 70% of ATCC with positive control of ATCC (p =0,043). Conclusion : There was a different between the growth of all the sample of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Keywords:ethanol extract of red betel leaf, Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The Influence Rinsing Roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) Boiled Water to Bacterial Colonies in Oral Cavity Annisa Pertiwi; Adi Prayitno; Marwoto .
Nexus Kedokteran Translasional Vol 5, No 1 (2016): Nexus Kedokteran Translasional
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Introduction: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is a herb plant that is widely consumed by society. Its flower contains some compounds that have antibacterial activity. Those compounds are flavonoid, phenol, tannin, and saponin. One of the main problems of the oral healthiness is gingivitis. In oral cavity of the gingivitis patients, there is an escalation of the number of bacterial colonies. Whereas using mouthwash is one of the ways to maintain the health of oral cavity. This study aimed to determine the influence of rinsing with roselle flower boiled water to the number of bacterial colonies in oral cavity. Methods: This research was an experimental analytic study with the pre test and post test controlled group design. There were 20 subjects that meet the criterias, they were divided randomly into 2 groups, each group consisting 10 subjects. Firstly, each group was once rinse with 15 ml distilled water for 30 seconds then the rinsing results were put inside the sterile pots. After that, group I was once rinse with 15 ml distilled water for 30 seconds, whereas the group II was rinse with 15 ml roselle flower boiled water for 30 seconds. The level of roselle in this research is 1,5 grams in 15 ml water. The rinsing results were carried to Microbiology Laboratory to put onto the nutrient agar then were incubated for 24 hours in 37C. The differences between the first rinse and the second rinse were calculated. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 for Windows. Results: The results were tested with linear regression test. It showed that roselle has the influence to inhibits the growth of bacterial colonies in the amount of 88%, whereas the 12% is influenced by other factors (e.g. degrees of acidity, the ability of the subjects in rinsing to reach the bacterias). Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is influence rinsing with roselle flower boiled water to the number of bacterial colonies in oral cavity. Keywords: roselle, bacterial colonies, oral cavity

PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PENGELOLAAN AGROEKOSISTEM TANAMAN TERHADAP STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS SERANGGA PADA PERTANAMAN KEDELAI DI NGALE, KABUPATEN NGAWI, JAWA TIMUR Lutfi Afifah; Purnama Hidayat; Damayanti Buchori; Marwoto .; B T Rahardjo
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 15 No. 1 (2015): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Effect of different agroecosystem management on community structure of insects in soybean crop in Ngale, Ngawi District, East Java. Insect community structures in agroecosystem may always change. Agroecosystem management techniques affect insect community structure. The aim of this study was to determine the diversity and composition of insects on soybean plants under different pest management systems and varieties. The experiment design was split plot with varieties (Anjasmoro and Wilis) as the main plots and pest management systems (Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Non-Chemical Management (P-NK), Chemical Management (P-K), and Control) as the sub plots. There were ten insect sampling sessions for each plot. Samplings were done in June until September 2013 using pitfall traps, sticky traps, sweep net, and yellow pan traps. Statistically the results of experiment showed that varieties and pest management had no significant differences to the insects diversity. Herbivore and beneficial insect in soybean crop had differences composition between varieties Anjasmoro and Wilis. In both soybean Anjasmoro and Wilis varieties, herbivore populations tend to be higher in the control plots compared to the IPM plots. Abundance of decomposers, parasitoids, and predators tend to be higher in the control and P-NK plots which were without the use of synthetic insecticides compared to the IPM and P-K plots which were given the treatment of synthetic pesticides. This indicates that the use of pesticides causes decrease in the beneficial insect populations such as pollinator, parasitoids, and predators.

PENINGKATAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT TENTANG VAKSINASI COVID-19 Reviono .; Yusup Soebagyo; Betty Suryawati; Marwoto .; Harsini .
Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas Vol 9, No 1 (2021): Nexus Kedokteran Komunitas
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Latar belakang: Sampai saat ini pandemic COVID-19 masih merupakan problem global dan mempengaruhi segala aspek kehidupan masyarakat dunia. Salah satu solusi untuk dapat mengakhiri pandemic COVID-19 adalah dengan vaksinasi. Saat ini pemerintah Indonesia melakukan program vaksinasi COVID-19 kepada tenaga Kesehatan dan masyarakat umum. Dengan vaksinasi diharapkan akan segera tercipta herd immunity dan akan menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian karena infeksi virus SARSCOV2. Metode: Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik yang dilakukan adalah dengan memberikan questionare tentang pengetahuan masyarakat tentang vaksin COVID-19. Subyek penelitian adalah masyarakat Desa Sepat, Masaran, Sragen. Sebelum dilakukan survey dilakukan penyuluhan tentang vaksin COVID-19. Kemudian diberikan questioner tentang vaksin COVID-19 dan dianalisis. Hasil: Survey tentang pengetahuan peserta kegiatan penyuluhan tentang vaksinasi COVID-19 menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan tentang vaksin COVID-19 sangat bervariasi. Pengetahuan tentang tujuan vaksinasi, kehalalan produk vaksin, syarat-syarat individu yang dapat divaksin, dan efek samping dari vaksin COVID-19 masih perlu ditingkatkan. Peningkatan pengetahuan tentang vaksin COVID-19 dapat meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat dalam vaksinasi COVID-19 sehingga dapat menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat COVID-19. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan masyarakat tentang vaksin masih perlu ditingkatkan. Pengetahuan masyarakat tentang vaksin COVID-19 sangat penting dalam mensukseskan program vaksinasi untuk membentuk herd immunity dan menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat pandemic COVID-19. Key Word: Vaksinasi, COVID-19, Pengetahuan, Penyuluhan, herd immunity

The Difference of Incidence of Pulp Necrosis with Chronic Apical Abscess among Hypertensive and Normotensive Patients in Dr. Moewardi Hospital Andrio Palayukan; Risya Cilmiaty; Marwoto .
Nexus Kedokteran Klinik Vol 4, No 1 (2015): Nexus Kedokteran Klinik
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta

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Backgrounds: Pulp necrosis is a continuation of pulp inflammation that did not receive adequate treatment. Necrotic pulp along with bacteria growing in the vicinity can cause an inflammatory response in the periapical tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the difference of incidence of pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess between hypertensive and normotensive patients at Dr.Moewardi Hospial. Methods: The design of this study was case control with cross sectional approach. Data were collected from medical record of patient at dental outpatient clinic Dr. Moewardi Hospital from September 2013 to September 2014. Samples were taken by purposive sampling method. Samples were classified into four groups: patient with hypertension and pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess, hypertension and dental caries, normotensive and pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess, normotensive and dental caries. Data were analyzed by Chi Square test (? = 0.05). Result: There were 70 Subjects who met inclusion and exclusion criteria. The percentage of hypertensive and pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess was 24.28%, hypertensive and dental caries was 2.86%, normotensive and pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess was 40%, and normotensive with dental caries was 32.86%. The result of Chi Square test demonstrated a significant difference between the four groups with p = 0.007 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is a significant difference of incidence of pulp necrosis with chronic apical abscess between hypertension and normotensive patients at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Key words: pulp necrosis, chronic apical abscess, hypertensive, normotensive

Profile Comparison of Patient with Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus on Blood Specimen at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Gani Dwi Cahya; Marwoto .; Dhani Redhono Harioputro
Nexus Biomedika Vol 5, No 2 (2016): Nexus Biomedika
Publisher : Nexus Biomedika

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Introduction: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus are some of bacteria that are often found in blood specimen. Unlike Staphylococcus aureus, which is true pathogen, Staphylococcus epidermidis is known as opportunistic bacteria which actually are normal flora of human skin. Therefore, it is necessary to have comparative data that can determine whether Staphylococcus epidermidis are cause of infection or just colonization. The purpose of this research was to compare clinical profile of patients with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis found in blood specimen. Methods: This study was a descriptive research using clinical epidemiology approach. The objects of the research were patients medical records which had been identified by blood culture with positive result of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus on 2014-July 2015. Sampling was held during November and December 2015 at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. Sampling was done and 65 people taken from the population. The data were analyzed with frequency odds ratio. Results: During January 2014 - July 2015, it was found that 36 subjects of patients with positive Staphylococcus epidermidis (21 men, 15 women) and 29 subjects of patients with positive Staphylococcus aureus (11 men, 18 women). Staphylococcus epidermidis was mostly found in newborns dan infants, while Staphylococcus aureus was mostly found in adults and elders. The result of white blood count and neutrophil percentage showed that patients with positive Staphylococcus aureus on their blood specimen have higher value than Staphylococcus epidermidis. Vital sign showed higher mean value of body temperature on patients with positive Staphylococcus aureus on their blood specimen than Staphylococcus epidermidis. Conclusion: There were differences in the increase of body temperature, number of leukocytes, and percentage of neutrophils in patients profile who were exposed to Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis on blood specimens at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Keywords: Blood Specimen, Blood Culture, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis

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