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Fauzar Fauzar
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Tuberculosis Disseminata pada Pasien Imunokompeten Sukma Lini; Fauzar Fauzar; Roza Kurniati
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 8, No 4 (2019): Online December 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v8i4.1120

Abstract

Abstrak Tuberkulosis Disseminata didefinisikan sebagai penyebaran dua atau lebih pada organ tubuh yang disebabkan oleh penyebaran lymphohematogenous Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Dilaporkan pasien wanita usia 24 tahun dengan keluhan utama sesak nafas, serta adanya ulkus pada aksila, leher dan lengan. Ulkus ini diawali dengan munculnya benjolan yang kemudian pecah dan bernanah. Biopsi kulit didapatkan gambaran tuberkulosis kulit. Pemeriksaan pencitraan dikombinasikan dengan gambaran histopatologi, kecurigaan klinis dan perbaikan dengan terapi OAT diperlukan untuk mengkonfirmasi diagnosis, terutama dalam kasus tuberkulosis ekstrapulmoner. Kejadian tuberkulosis diseminata jarang, biasanya menyerang pasien dengan gangguan kekebalan tubuh. Pada pasien ini telah dilakukan berbagai pemeriksaan untuk menelusuri kondisi imunodefisiensi tapi tidak ditemukan. Gambaran lesi paru miliar pada rontgen thorak sering ditemukan pada pasien tuberkulosis diseminata dan gambaran ekstrapulmoner yang bervariasi. Diagnosis pasti tuberkulosis ekstrapulmoner sangat sulit, bergantung pada temuan histologis dan/atau bakteriologis dari hasil biopsi jaringan.
Nilai Diagnostik Metode “Real Time” PCR GeneXpert pada TB Paru BTA Negatif Eka Kurniawan; Raveinal Raveinal; Fauzar Fauzar; Zulkarnain Arsyad
Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas Vol 5, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jka.v5i3.609

Abstract

 AbstrakTuberkulosis (TB) paru adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh kuman Mycobacterium tuberkulosis. TB masih tetap menjadi masalah kesehatan dunia karena lebih kurang 1/3 penduduk dunia terinfeksi oleh kuman ini dan sumber penularannya berasal dari Basil Tahan Asam (BTA) positif maupun negatif. TB paru BTA negatif didiagnosis berdasarkan gambaran klinis dan rontgen torak yang sesuai TB serta pertimbangan dokter sehingga hal ini dapat menimbulkan under atau over diagnosis TB. GeneXpert merupakan pemeriksaan molekuler dengan metode “real time“ PCR dan merupakan penemuan terobosan untuk mendiagnosis TB secara cepat. Tujuan penelitiian ini adalah melakukan penilaian validitas GeneXpert pada TB paru BTA negatif dibandingkan dengan kultur Loweinstein Jensen. Desain penelitian uji diagnostik ini adalah cross sectional study. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 40 orang pasien TB paru BTA negatif di Puskesmas sekitar kota Padang dan pasien yang dirawat di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RS dr. M. Djamil Padang. Dilakukan pemeriksaan sputum dengan GeneXpert dan dibandingkan dengan kultur Loweinstein Jensen. Hasil uji diagnostik dengan GeneXpert untuk mendiagnosis TB paru BTA negatif didapatkan sensitivitas 83.33%, spesifisitas 95.46%, nilai prediksi positif 93.75%, nilai prediksi negatif 87.5% dan akurasi 90% serta hasil uji kappa didapatkan 0.796. Disimpulkan GeneXpert memiliki sensitivitas, spesifisitas, nilai prediksi positif, nilai prediksi negatif dan akurasi yang tinggi pada TB paru BTA negatif.Kata kunci: nilai diagnostik, TB paru BTA negatif, GeneXpert AbstractPulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. TB is still a global health problem. Approximately one third of the world population is infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the source of infection came from smear positive and negative patient. Smear negative pulmonary TB can be considered based on clinical symptom and chest x-ray as well as description of TB and it’s depend on doctor's decision, so this can lead to under or over-diagnosis. Molecular examination with real time PCR method of GeneXpert is a breakthrough invention to diagnose TB quickly. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of GeneXpert in smear negative pulmonary TB and it’s compared with Loweinstein Jensen culture. Study design was diagnostic test with cross sectional study. Research conducted on 40 patients with smear negative pulmonary TB in public health centers around the city of Padang and the patients who were treated at the Internal Medicine department of dr. M. Djamil hospital Padang. Sputum examination conducted by GeneXpert compared with Loweinstein Jensen culture. Diagnostic value of GeneXpert for diagnosing smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis are sensitivity 83.33%, specificity 95.46%, positive predictive value 93.75%, negative predictive value 87.5% and accuracy 90%. Kappa value is 0.796. GeneXpert has a high sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy on smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis.Keywords: diagnostic value, smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis, GeneXpert
EDUKASI DAN PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI KAMPUNG BATU BUSUK KECAMATAN PAUH KOTA PADANG Saptino Miro; Najirman Najirman; Dinda Aprillia; Fauzar Fauzar; Andry Kurniawan; Zelly Dia Rofinda
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol 5 No 1 (2022)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v5i1.391

Abstract

Non-contagious diseases have continued to increase over the years. In 2016, about 71 percent of the world's causes of death were non-contagious diseases (NCD) that kill 36 million people annually. Major risk factors of the non-contagious disease are metabolic factors, behavioral factors, and environmental factors. Riskesdas 2018 shows the prevalence of non-contagious diseases increasing compared with Riskesdas 2013, including cancer, stroke, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. The purpose of this activity is to increase promotive and preventive effort and education in the community, as well as improved screening and early detection through health education, blood pressure, blood sugar, cholesterol levels, and the abdominal ultrasound of society in Kampung Batu Busuk, Kelurahan Limau Manis, Kecamatan Pauh, Padang on Saturday, November 13th, 2021. Such activities include medical examinations of blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar, and abdominal ultrasound. From the activity of the examination of the health of 41 persons, 13 were hypertensive, 2 (32%) were hyperglycemia, 24 (58.5 percent) were dyslipidemia, and 6 were fatty liver. To counter the problem of non-contagious diseases, comprehensive and holistic intervention efforts must be made, that is, promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative, as a unified continum of care. Disorders that are not treatable during an activity are recommended for treatment at a nearby health care center.
Co-Authors Andry Kurniawan Dinda Aprillia Eka Kurniawan Najirman Najirman RAVEINAL RAVEINAL Roza Kurniati Saptino Miro Sukma Lini Zelly Dia Rofinda Zulkarnain Arsyad