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All Journal The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research
Anna Roosdiana
Chemistry Department, Brawijaya University
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology

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Antibacterial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Edible Seaweed Eucheuma spinosum Against Staphyloccocus aureus Anna Safitri; Arie Srihardyastutie; Anna Roosdiana; Sutrisno Sutrisno
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 7, No 3 (2018): Edition September-December 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1012.97 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2018.007.03.389

Abstract

The current work aims to determine antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Eucheuma spinosum against Staphylococcus aureus. These were showed through inhibition zones formation, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. The MIC was determined using dilution test tube method, and the MBC was calculated using streaking method. Qualitative test was applied to determine phytochemical compounds in ethanol extract of E. spinosum. Results showed that ethanol extracts of E. spinosum at concentrations of 1%; 2%; 5%, and 10% (v/v) resulted in inhibition zones of 1.98; 4.14; 7.42; and 10.27 mm, respectively. In addition, concentration of 10% (v/v) was the MIC, and 15% (v/v) was the MBC values of E. spinosum extracts against S. aureus. The phytochemical analysis showed that alkaloids and saponins were the main components detected. Alkaloids positive tests were observed by the formation of brown sediment with Wagner’s reagent, yellow sediment with Mayer’s reagent, and orange sediment with Dragendorff’s reagent. Saponins positive results were detected by the formation of stable foam when the extracts reacted with water and HCl. Overall, these results suggested that E. spinosum extracts have antibacterial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, i.e. S. aureus. 
In vitro Clot Lysis Activity of Phenolic Compound Degrading Product From Lignin Sugarcane Baggase Using Ochrobactrum sp. Arie Srihardyastuti; Moh Farid Rahman; Tri Ardyati; Anna Roosdiana; Indah Prihartini
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 9, No 3 (2020): Edition September-December 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2020.009.03.489

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse (Saccharum officinarum L) is a readily available waste product of cane sugar processing. The content of lignocelluloses in sugarcane bagasse is approximately 52.7% cellulose, 20% hemicelluloses, and 24.2% lignin. Lignin can be degraded enzymatically by using microorganisms, such as Ochrobactrum sp. Monomer derived from lignin degradation using these bacteria in the optimum condition of sugarcane fermentation (pH 6, temperature 40 °C, for 5 days of incubation, the concentrations of starter 29%) by GC-MS yielded phenolic compounds such as 4-methyl-2, 6-di-tert-butylphenol; 2,6-di-tert-butylquinone; phenol, and p-hydroxybenzaldehide. The thrombolytic activity of these lignin monomers can be tested in-vitro by measuring the ability of clot lysis. Lignin did not have in-vitro clot lysis activity, whereas the lignin monomers in filtrat of fermented sugarcane bagasse have an in-vitro clot lysis activity, although its capacity is not as high as streptokinase.
The Toxicity Effect of Organophosphate (Diazinon) towards Duodenum Histopathology and The Activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Serum in Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) S. Efi Ulansari; Anna Roosdiana; Dyah Ayu Oktavianie A. P.
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 7, No 2 (2018): Edition May-August 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (749.295 KB) | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2018.007.02.387

Abstract

Diazinon is an organophosphate insecticide that can inhibit acetyl-cholinesterase competitively and increase the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). ROS affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide Dismutase (SOD), and simultaneously ROS cause damage to the cells and duodenum tissue. The toxicity effect of diazinon was investigated by measuring the activity of SOD serum and histopathology of the duodenum in rats (Rattus norvegicus). The activities of SOD serum were measured by using spectrophotometry, and histopathology changes of the duodenum were observed by using HE staining. Rats were divided into 4 groups, negative control group (K-), P1, P2, and P3 groups which were administrated with diazinon for 8 weeks orally with a dose of 20 mg/kgBW, 40 mg/kgBW, and 60 mg/kgBW respectively. The results showed that administration of diazinon orally decreased SOD activity significantly and caused damage of duodenal villi such as hyperplasia of epithelial cells, epithelial erosion, fatty degeneration, hyperplasia of Liberkuhn gland cells, and hemorrhage in the lamina propria.
Co-Authors Arie Srihardyastuti Arie Srihardyastutie Dyah Ayu Oktavianie A. P. Indah Prihartini Mohammad Farid Rahman S. Efi Ulansari Safitri, Anna Sutrisno Sutrisno Tri Ardyati