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Penelitian standard ukuran sepatu anak-anak indonesia Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Dwi Asdono Basuki
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 9, No 16 (1994): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This research is aimed at compilation of size standard of Indonesian children shoes, for it is abviously that the available size systems currently, such as English system, American system and French system are not suitable with Indonesian foot sizes. Samples of the research were taken from children foot sizes of DIY using area purposive sampling, while data analvsis method used was Statistical of M (Mean) and SD (Standard of Deviation). The foot size data were calculated using comparison parameter of breadth to length size, joint girth, instep girth and short heel. Result of the research showed that the increase of each size number was 6,75 mm; breadth figure and joint, girth size got a raise in, successivelv of 2,75 mm and 6,25 mm in harmonv for each size number, which were classififield into narrow. medium and wide fitting.

Penelitian mutu sepatu kanvas sol karet vulkanisasi ditinjau dari kekuatan rekat lem Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Dwi Asdono Basuki
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 11, No 21 (1996): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This research is aimed at detecting the adhesion strength of adhesive on vulcanized rubber sole canvas shoes Chiefly adhesion strength between foxing and the shoe upper. The tests carried-out were adhesion test at front inside, back insides, front outsides and back outsides of the shoes. The samples were taken from Kotamadya Yogyakarta. The test result showed that the quality of vulcanized rubber sole canvas shoes complied with the test requirements, approximately > 1.000 grams/cm2. The adhesion strength between foxing and the shoe uppers generally ranges between adhesion strength requirements (). INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kekuatan rekat lem pada Sepatu Kanvas Sol Karet Vulkanisasi. Khususnya kekuatan rekat antara foxing dengan atasan sepatu, yang meliputi uji kekuatan rekat lem pada sisi dalam depan, sisi dalam belakang, sisi luar depan serta sisi luar belakang. Daerah penelitian adalah Kodya Yogyakarta. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa mutu Sepatu Kanvas Sol Karet Vulkanisasi telah memenuhi syarat uji, yaitu rata-rata > 1.000 gram/cm2.Kekuatan rekat lem antara foxing dengan atasan sepatu secara umum berada dalam batas kendali kekuatan rekat ().

Pembuatan kulit jok (upholstery) ramah lingkungan untuk otomotif Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Rihastiwi Setiya Murti; Iwan Fajar Pahlawan
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 28, No 1 (2012): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v28i1.200

abstrak

Penanganan limbah krom dengan metode destruksi kimia Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Endro Kismolo; Prayitno Prayitno
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 23, No 1 (2007): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v23i1.328

The treatment of chrome waste water was conducted by chemical destruction method. Chromium recovery process that at the same time lowering the chrome content is considered the best solution so far. The treatment of chrome The treatment of chrome waste water was done by chemical process using Magnesium Oxide and Lime to produce Sludge of Chromium performed. By the process of chemical destruction method using Sulphuric Acid, Chrome Sulphate or Chromosal powder that can be used as an alternative tanning agent can be obtained. It can be concluded from the research that destruction process of Chrome Hydroxide Sludge of Lime Process requires speed of stirring 100 rpm. At this state, the content of soluble Solid Substance in Chromium Sulphate Liquor was 5.125 g/l, and the solubility of chromosal in water was 99.15%, whereas for Sludge of Chrome Hydoxide from Magnesium Oxide process, the best speed of stirring was 150 rpm, with soluble solid substance in the Chrome Sulphate was 4.085 g/l and solubility of Chromosal powder in water was 99.54%. Key word : Chrom, chemical destruction, waste water. ABSTRAKTelah dilakukan penanganan limbah krom dengan metode distruksi kimia. Proses mendapatkan kembali kromium dan sekaligus menurunkan kadar krom limbah industri penyamakan kulit adalah merupakan pemecahan masalha yang terbaik. Penanganan limbah krom dilakukan dengan proses kimiawi menggunakan magnesium oksida dan kapur untuk membentuk lumpur krom. Melalui proses distruksi kimia dengan asam sulfat, dapat diperoleh krom sulfat atau serbuk kromosal yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan penyamak kulit alternatif. Dari percobaan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada proses distruksi lumpur krom hidroksida dari proses kapur membutuhkan kecepatan pengadukan sebesar 100 rpm. Pada kondisi ini kadar zat padat terlarut dalam larutan krom sulfat sebesar 5,125 g/l, dan nilai kelarutan dalam air pada produk serbuk kromosal sebesar 99,15%. Sedangkan untuk lumpur krom hidroksida hasil pengendapan menggunakan MgO kecepatan pengadukan terbaik dicapai pada 150 rpm, dengan nilai kadar zat padat terlarut dalam produk larutan krom sulfat sebesar 4,085 g/l dan nilai kelarutan dalam air pada produk serbuk kromosal sebesar 99,54^. Kata Kunci : Krom, destruksi kimia, limbah cair.

The preservation of green goat skin using liquid smoke from coconut shell Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 25, No 1 (2009): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20543/mkkp.v25i1.226

The objective of the research on the presentation of green goat skin using liquid smoke was to reduce the environmental contamination caused by usage of the environmentally-unfriendly chemical in skin preservation process. Liquid smoke is the outcome of coconut shell waste containing a lot of phenol and acid compound. It is an organic material that is environment-friendly and it can inhibit the bacteria growth. The research was conducted using 18 pieces of green goat skin. Eighteen pieces of green goat skin were divided into 2 treatments. The first stage treatment used liquid smoke as the preserving material with 0,1%, 0,5%, and 1,0 % in concentrations without crystal salt and anti-bacterial material. The second stage treatment used liquid smoke with 5%, 10% and 15% in concentrations and used crystal salt without anti-bacteria material. The skins then were stretched and dried in the sun. They were observed for 1 week, 2 weeks and 1 month. The results of the skin preservation then were tested in organoleptic method, including the tests for the shedding of feather and the damage of skin owing to bacteria / louse. The skins also were tested in physical method (tensile strength & elongation at break). The result of search showed that the skins preservation for month using liquid smoke, 10% in concentration, was the most effective, Usage of liquid smoke as the substitute of anti-bacteria/fungicide would reduce a part of the environmental contamination owing to usage of the environment-unfriendly chemical in skin preservation process. Keywords: skin preservation, liquid smoke, environment-friendly ABSTRAK Penelitian pengawetan kulit kambing berbulu menggunakan asap cair tujuannya adalah mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh pemakaian bahan kimia yang tidak ramah lingkungan dalam proses pengawetan kulit. Asap cair merupakan hasil dari limbah tempurung kelapa yang banyak mengandung senyawa asam dan fenol yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dan merupakan bahan organic yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan kulit mentah kambing berbulu sebanyak 18 lembar terbagi menjadi 2 perlakuan. Perlakuan tahap pertama menggunakan asap cair sebagai bahan pengawet dengan konsentrasi 0,1%, 0,5% dan 1,0% tanpa menggunakan garam Kristal dan bahan anti bakteri. Sedangkan perlakuan tahap kedua menggunakan asap cair dengan konsentrai 5%, 10% dan 15% dan garam kristal tanpa menggunakan anti bakteri. Kulit tersebut kemudian dipentang dan dijemur di bawah sinar matahari dan diamati selama 1 minggu, 2 minggu dan 1 bulan. Hasil pengawetan kulit kemudian diuji secara organoleptis yaitu meliputi kerontokan bulu dan kerusakan kulit akibat serangan bakteri/kutu. Kulit tersebut juga dilakukan pengujian secara fisis (kekuatan tarik dan kemuluran). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengawetan kulit selama 1 bulan menggunakan asap cair konsentrasi 10% adalah yang paling efektif. Dengan menggunakan asap cair sebagai pengganti bahan kimia anti bakteri / jamur maka akan dapat mengurangi sebagian pencemaran lingkungan yang ditimbulkan oleh penggunaan bahan kimia yang tidak ramah lingkungan dalam proses pengawetan kulit. Kata kunci : pengawetan kulit, asap cair, ramah lingkungan.

Rancang bantun industri kecil suku cadang / komponen kulit teknis untuk industri tekstil Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Dwi Asdono Basuki
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 10, No 19 (1995): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of this research is to find out proses of production and relation between cost, Selling price anda break even point (BEP). Product specification is space parts for Textile industries i.e.Picker, Buffer, Bumper leather, Sweel leather, Box front leather, Stick Bumper and Tension brake leather. The production capacity is 700 units per-day, so that in one year is 210.000 units. The economical analysis showed that Total Captal (fixed capital and working capital) =Rp. 149.189.750.00. Total production cost per-year (fixed cost and variable cost) Rp. 364.939.375.00. The manufacturing cost = Rp. 12.165 for 7 spareparts. Profit calculation before taxing = Rp. 57.310.625.00 and after taxing Rp. 45.848.500.00. Percentage of the pay out periode calculation of profit to return the capital (rate of return). Before taxing is 38.40%, after 30.73%. equal with 2 years 6 months (before taxing) and after taxing is 3 years. The break even point calculation = Rp. 207.347.274,00 (49,10%) and the capacity is 14.732 units. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses produksi dan hubungan antara biaya, harga jual serta perhitungan rugi-laba. Spesifikasi produk suku cadang industry tekstil, yaitu : Picker, Buffer, Bumper leather, Swell leather, Box front leather, Stick Bumper dan Tension brake leather. Kapasitas produksi 700 buah/hari, sehingga per-tahun = 210.000 buah. Analisa ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa Total Modal (modal tetap dan modal dan modal kerja) = Rp. 149.89.750,00 biaya produksi 1 tahun (biaya tetap dan biaya tidak tetap) = Rp. 364.939.375,00. Harga pokok Rp, 12.165,00 (untuk 7 jenis komponen); ke untungan sebelum pajak Rp. 57.310.625,00 dan setelah dipotong pajak Rp. 45.848.500,00

Penelitian pemanfaatan kulit sapi mentah dari nusa tenggara barat untuk kulit boks Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 8, No 14 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to identify of the quality upper leather made from dry cow hide taken from West Nusa Tenggara either of leather produced before or after being provided a technical assistance, were compared to them taken from Java. It was carried out by tanning both kinds of hides using selected IRDLAI tanning method. The upper leather produced in this research were physically tested (water absorption, tensile strength, flexibility and bursting strength), chemically tested (water content, ash content, Cr2O3 content, fat content and pH), as well as organoleptic inspection. The physical and chemical tests were six time repeated. A consclusion could be drawn from the organoleptic test result that the quality of Java upper leather were better compared to them of West Nusa Tenggara either before or after having technical assistance, while the quality of upper leathers after having technical guidance by IRDLAI were considered better compared to them before having it. The test result also shown that there was significant difference on fat, water and ash contents, bursting strength of upper leathers, the dry cow hides of which were taken from West Nusa Tenggara, either before or after having technical assistance. INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mutu kulit boks dengan bahan baku kulit sapi mentah kering dari Nusa Tenggara Barat, baik sebelum maupun sesudah pembinaan dibandingkan dengan mutu kulit boks dengan bahan baku kulit sapi mentah kering dari pulau Jawa. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan mengolah kulit mentah kering dari Nusa Tenggara Barat sebelum pembinaan dan sesudah pembinaan dan kulit mentah kering dari pulau Jawa menjadi kulit boks dengan metoda penyamakan kulit dari BBKKP. Dari hasil penyamakan kulit boks, kemudian masing-masing diuji sifat-sifat fisis (daya serap air, kekuatan tarik, kemuluran dan daya letup) dengan 6 replikasi (ulangan); sifat-sifat kimia (kadar air, kadar abu, kadar Cr2O3, kadar lemak dan pH) dengan replikasi serta diuji secara organoleptis. Dari hasil uji secara organoleptis ternyata kulit boks asal dari Pulau Jawa lebih baik dibanding dengan kualitas kulit boks asal dari Nusa Tenggara Barat baik sebelum maupun sesudah pembinaan. Sedangkan kualitas kulit boks asal dari kulit Nusa Tenggara sesudah pembinaan lebih baik dibanding kualitas kulit boks asal kulit dari Nusa Tenggara Barat sebelum pembinaan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan terhadap perbedaan nyata untuk kadar lemak, kadar air, kadar abu, daya letup kulit boks yang berasal dari kulit Nusa Tenggara Barat, sebelum dan sesudah pembinaan.

Penelitian penggunaan monomer n-butil akrilat untuk peningkatan mutu kulit secara iradiasi Dwi Wahini Nurhajati; Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Kadarijah Kadarijah; Penny Setyowati
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 11, No 21 (1996): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

Research on the utilization of n-butyl acrylate monomer for quality improvement leather by irradiation cobalt-60 gamma-rays is carried out as follows: Javanese crust hide was impregnated with water emulsions of n-butyl acrylate monomer for 2 hours, packed in to poly ethylene bags, sealed, then irradiated by cobalt-60 gamma rays (doses : 5 to 25 kGy). The irradiated leather was washed by water, dried and then physical tested. The results of physical test of leather modified with n-butyl acrylate showed the increasing of tensile strength and elongation, decreasing of water absorption, resistance against the flexing test of 20,000 times, and PH was constant. Organoleptic test showed that the softly of the modified leather was no different with unmodified leather. INTISARI Penelitian penggunaan monomer n-butyl akrilat untuk peningkatan mutu kulit secara iradiasi dilakukan dengan prosedur sebagai berikut : Kulit kras sapi Jawa diimpregnasi dengan emulsi monomer n-butil akrilat dalam air selama 2 jam, kemudian dimasukkan ke dalam kantung poli etilen, ditutup, selanjutnya diiradiasi dengan sinar gamma kobal-60 (dosis 5-25 kGy). Kulit yang sudah diradiasi dicuci dengan air, dikeringkan, lalu diuji sifat fisisnya. Hasil uji sifat fisis kulit yang telah dimodifikasi dengan monomer n-butil akrilat menunjukkan kenaikan kuat tarik dan kemuluran, penurunan penyerapan air, tahan terhadap bengkukan sebanyak 200.000 kali, dan PH tetap. Hasil pengamatan secara organoleptis menunjukkan bahwa kelemasan kulit yang dimodifikasi tidak berbeda dengan kulit yang tidak dimodifikasi.

Rancang bangun industri penyamakan Kulit buaya skala kecil Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat; Titik Purwati Widowati; Purwanti Purwanti
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 3, No 6 (1988): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

This paper is prepared for a design of a small scales crocodile skins tanning factory, to produce leather for leather goods.The capacity of it will be 10 pieces/day wet salted crocodile skins.This factory will be profitable in the view of techno – economical aspect. The economical calculation are as follows : the total capital is fixed capital + working capital Rp. 138.149.750,78 the total production cost is variable cost a year + fixed cost a year = Rp.140.115.913,40 the variable cost for a year consists of labour salaries, maintenance, capital interest, depreciation and general expences ; the manufacturing cost is the total production cost divided by production capacity = Rp.48.651,36/piece.The profit calculation before taxing is Rp.49.964.086,60 after taxing is Rp.39.971.269,30. The pay out period calculation consists of the percentage of profit to return the capital (rate of return) before taxing is 36,17% and after taxing is 28,93%; the pay out period before taxing 2 years 8 months, after taxing 3 years 3 months.The break even calculation consists of the break even point is Rp.77.306.648,33, the percentage of break even point is 40,67% and the capacity of break even points is 1.171 pieces.

Penentuan kriteria cacat kulit untuk tingkat kualitas kulit Suliestiyah Wiryodiningrat
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 8, No 14 (1992): Majalah Barang Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The aim of this study was to present data for preparing quality standard of sun dry sheep skins. Samples used for this study were 70 sides of sun dry sheep skins in various quality ranging from first to rejected onegraded by skin colectors and tanners in Java, which were radomli taken. Visually, they were classified into several classes by the tea in accordance with qualitative value of theoretical studies carried-out bay LRI (1962) and Aten et al (1955). The results of both classification then were compared to each other. A enclusion was drawn from this study that results of on sun dry sheep skins quality on basis of defect criteria could not be used as data in preparing quality standard of skins (for subyective factors were very much influenced). Table of evalution on skins quality prepared by the team could be used as a guide in quantitative grading. It was stated from visual inspection of sheep skins qualitatively that : average value of quality I = 95, quality II = 84,29, quality III = 68,76 and quality IV/AF = 40,92. INTISARI Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyajikan data untuk bahan penyusunan standar mutu kulit mentah kambing yang diawet dengan sinar matahari. Dengan menggunakan sampel 70 lembar kulit kambing (PE) mentah yang di awet dengan sinar matahari, yang diambil secara random dari para pengumpul/pedagang kulit dan penyamak kulit yang tersebar di seluruh Jawa. Sampel tersebut diambil dari bermacam-macam kulit yang tersebar di seluruh Jawa. Sampel tersebut diambil dari bermacam-macam kulit yang ada dari kualitas I sampai dengan reject, berdasarkan penilaian kualitas masing-masing dari para pedagang/pengumpul kulit serta penyamak kulit. Dengan cara organoleptis kulit-kulit tersebut diklasifikasikan menjadi beberapa kelas (oleh team) berdasarkan penilaian kualitatip dari teori-teori yang pernah dikemukakan oleh BPK (1962) dan Aten et al (1955). Hasil klafikasi dari pedagang / pengumpul kulit serta penyamak kulit kemudian dibandingkan dengan hasil klasifikasi oleh team. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penilaian kualitas kulit mentah kambing yang diawet dengan sinar matahari secara organoleptis berdasarkan kriteria cacat-cacat yang ada pada kulit, tidak dapat dijadikan dasar untuk menyusun standar mutu kulit mentah (karena sangat dipergunakan oleh faktor subyectivitas). Tabel Penilaian kualitas kulit mentah yang telah disusun oleh team dapat dijadikan pedoman dalam grading kulit mentah secara kuantitatip. Dalam penilaian kualitas kulit secara kualitatip berdasarkan organoleptis menghasilkan : nilai rata-rata kualitas I = 95, kualitas II = 84, 29, kualitas III = 68,76, dan kualitas IV/ AF = 40, 92.

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