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STUDI FATWA AL-LAJNAH AL-DAIMAH LI AL-BUHUS AL-ILMIYAH WA AL-IFTA’: KRITIK ATAS LARANGAN MAHAR PERNIKAHAN BERUPA HAFALAN AL-QUR’AN Irawan, Ibnu; Jayusman, Jayusman; Hermanto, Agus
Kodifikasia Vol 13, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : IAIN PONOROGO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21154/kodifikasia.v13i2.1834

Abstract

Tulisan ini merupakan kajian pustaka yang mengkaji fatwa pelarangan mahar hafalan al-Qur?an. Sebagai alat analisis teori al-urf sangat tepat digunakan untuk memadukan kesenjangan tradisi yang berkembang dengan fatwa pelarangan tradisi tersebut. Tulisan ini mengkritisi fatwa tersebut dan menyimpukan; Pertama, fatwa mengedepankan aspek teoritis dan kurang memperhatikan aspek praktis yang tengah terjadi pada masyarakat. Kedua, metodelogi istinbat dalam berfatwa yang dilakukan adalah mengutamakan dalil-dalil muttafaq serta menomerduakan dalil-dalil mukhtalaf, sedangkan al-urf terkategori pada mukhtalaf sehingga kurang diperhatikan. Ketiga, Penulisan teks fatwa yang ada dianggap sangat singkat dan memerlukan kajian lebih lanjut agar memperoleh pemahaman dari maksud dari fatwa tersebut, sehingga menimbulkan kegamangan dan berpotensi menimbulkan silang pendapat. Keempat, prinsip fatwa yang digulirkan adalah berlepas dari mazhab tertentu, hal ini dianggap tidak sejalan dengan apa yang direkomendasikan oleh fukaha dan jauh dari mengayomi, karena proses beragama suatu masyarakat hendaknya memulainya dengan mengikuti mazhab tertentu agar tidak salah arah, dan tetap di dalam koridor keislaman yang benar. [This paper criticizes the fatwa on the prohibition of memorizing the Qur'an. As an analysis tool, al-urf theory is very appropriate to be used to integrate the growing of tradition gap with the fatwa prohibiting that tradition. This paper concludes; First, the fatwa emphasizes the theoretical aspects and pays little attention to the practical aspects that are happening to the community. Second, istinbat methodology in performing the obedience carried out is to prioritize the arguments of muttafaq as well as to put forward the arguments of the mukhtalaf, while the al-urf is categorized in the mukhtalaf so that it is heedless. Third, the writing of the existing fatwa text is considered to be very high and requires further study in order to gain an understanding the purpose of the fatwa, thus causing confusion and the possibility of the conflict. Fourth, the fatwa principle that is rolled out is not depend on a certain schools, by contrast with the recommendation of the jurist, because the religious process of a community should start by following the certain schools in order to remain stay in the Islamic pathway].
Pengembangan Studi Gasifikasi Tongkol Jagung Untuk Meningkatkan Performa Reaktor Downdraft Dengan Masukan Dua Udara Bertingkat Irawan, Ibnu; Amir, Nizar; Budiarto, Khairil
Rekayasa Vol 14, No 1: April 2021
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v14i1.9172

Abstract

Gasification is a technology for converting solid biomass into syngas. Corn cobs biomass is converted into pellets to obtain more homogeneous fuel. The downdraft gasifier type is used to have low tar content. The research was conducted to see the effect of the ratio of air and ER on the reactor temperature and the gas composition of CO, H2 and CH4. For pyrolysis and oxidation zones, air enters with variations (AR.Pir-Ox), namely 0%; 70%; 80%; and 90% in the intake air 14.5; 19.3; and 24.1 Nm3 / hr of E.R 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. The air intake for each zone is regulated using a tap. Temperature measurement using type K thermocouple. Downdraft reactor performance is obtained by looking at the syngas content in CO, H2, and CH4 meters. The results showed the effect of AR.Pir-Oks with an air input of 24.10 Nm3 /h with E.R 0.5 having the highest temperature of 910oC, in the oxidation zone. This stratified air input plays a role in increasing the temperature along the altitude zone. The increase in the introduced oxygen produces an increase in heat. Syngas production in an air flow of 19.3 Nm3 / hour with a ratio of 90% pyrolysis and oxidation zone (ARPir-Oks), is the reactor produces gas products with a composition of 22.5% CO, 0.96% CH4, and 15.55 H2 %. The results of this test prove that the air entering the pyrolysis zone can provide additional syngas composition.
Studi Eksperimen Biomassa Padat Sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Menggunakan Campuran Limbah Pertanian Annisa, Rullie; Wahyuni, Sri; Irawan, Ibnu; Anam, Sayidil
Rekayasa Vol 15, No 1: April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i1.12905

Abstract

Biomass is one of the agricultural wastes that can be used as a substitute for alternative fuels. The biomass needs to be converted into briquettes first, so that it becomes an environmentally friendly fuel. Corn cobs and rice straw are the most common types of agricultural products found in East Java, therefore the potential for alternative fuels that will be obtained will also be higher. This research aims to determine the characteristics of solid fuels (briquettes) including: calorific value of briquettes, water content of briquettes, ash content of briquettes and drop test on briquettes using a mixture of corn cobs and rice straw. The variation of the mixture between corn cobs and rice straw is 1 kg, where 1 kg of corn cobs and straw using a mixture ratio of 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 70%:30% and 60%:40% using starch adhesive of 0.001 kg. In addition, it uses two pressure variations, namely: A = 2500 kPa and B = 5000 kPa which are used in briquettes. The results of the research on the characteristics of briquettes such as: The highest calorific value using a mixture of 90% corn cobs and 10% rice straw was obtain at 5546.74 cal/gram. The most optimal moisture content using a suppression load of 5000 kPa using a mixture of 90% corn cobs and 10% rice straw obtained a value of 11.30%. The optimal ash content produced also uses a suppression load of 5000 kPa by using a mixture of 90% corn cobs and 10% rice straw to obtain a value of 20.58%. While the drop test on briquettes using a pressing load of 5000 kPa by using a mixture of 60% corn cobs and 40% rice straw obtained a value of 11.10%, a large reduction in particle size when applied from a height.
Studi Gasifikasi Pengembangan Tongkol Jagung dengan Jerami Padi Menggunakan Reaktor Downdraft Dengan Dua Masukan Udara Tekan Irawan, Ibnu; Samlawi, Achmad Kusairi; Budiarto, Hairil
Rekayasa Vol 15, No 1: April 2022
Publisher : Universitas Trunojoyo Madura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21107/rekayasa.v15i1.12895

Abstract

The production of corn and rice produced by farmers in East Java has the potential to cause agricultural waste, therefore corn cobs are waste that requires special processing in order to be used optimally. Agricultural waste corn cobs and rice straw can be converted into gas fuel (Syngas). The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of gasification seen from the temperature distribution and composition of combustible gases such as CO, H2 and CH4. The downdraft gasifier type is used and applies the AR and E.R ratio to the temperature. For the pyrolysis and oxidation regions, the intake air varies (ARpir-oxi) 80%; 70%; and 0% at 14.5 air intake; 19.3; and 24.1 Nm3/hour from E.R 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. Air intake in the adjust area using a valve. Temperature measurement using the type K thermocouple. The results show that the maximum temperature using ARpir-oks = 80%, the drying zone temperature is 187°C, the pyrolysis zone is 488°C, the oxidation zone is 895°C and the reduction zone is 585°C. Meanwhile, the highest production of CO gas is 20.50% and H2 gas is 14.55% using an ER of 0.4. Meanwhile, CH4 decreased for all ER values using ARpir-oks = 80%.