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Effect of Morinda citrifolia leaf as saponin sources on fermentation characteristic, protozoa defaunated, gas and methane production of ruminal fluid in vitro Herdian, Hendra; Istiqomah, L.; Febrisiantosa, A.; Setiabudi, D.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 16, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Many studies have reported that the Morinda citrifolia (pace plant) was a useful material for human health. However the exploration of this plant on rumen fermentation is still needed. Therefore, a research was done to study the effect of M. citrifolia leaf on fermentation characteristics of rumen fluid consisted of protozoa defaunated process, VFA composition, NH3 content, rumen microbial protein content, gas and methane production using in vitro techniques. Rumen fluid obtained from two fistulated Ongole crossbreed cattle fed with forage and concentrate feed ration (70 : 30). The fluid was incubated at 39ÂºC for 48 hours. The treatment on the rumen fluid consisted of control treatment: 100% (200 mg DM) kolonjono forage substrate (Penisetum purpureum) and M. citrifolia treatments: kolonjono forage plus M. citrifolia (equivalent saponin) 3; 6; 9; and 12 mg DM, respectively. The treatment of M. citrifolia leaf addition showed declined patterns in the number of protozoa population (P < 0.05) compared to control. There was no effect of M. citrifolia treatment on VFA composition and NH3 content (P > 0.05). Microbial protein content in rumen fluid increased (P < 0.05) by M. citrifolia treatments compared to control. Effect of M. citrifolia treatments on the gas production was not significantly different (P > 0.05) compared to control, while M. citrifolia treatments reduced the methane gas production of (P < 0.05) compared to control. It was concluded that M. citrifolia leaf has potential as a limiting agent of protozoa population and methane gas production in rumen. Key words: M. citrifolia, Defaunated, Saponin, In Vitro

Effectivity of probiotic, micromineral enriched yeast and their combination with Azadirachta indica leaves containing tannin on fermentability and digestibility of Pennisetum hybrid Sofyan, Ahmad; Sakti, A. A.; Karimy, M. F.; Julendra, H.; Istiqomah, L.; Herdian, H.; Damayanti, E.; Suryani, A. E.
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Organic additive for animal had been explored to replace antibiotic growth promoter. Probiotic from lactic acid bacteria was widely used to support the microbial balances in digestive tract, while organic mineral was added into diets to improve bioavailability for preventing mineral deficiency disorders. This experiment was aimed to assess probiotic (Pediococcus acidilactici RS2) and micromineral enriched yeast (MEY) combined with tannin from neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves containing tannin on king grass (P. hybrid) fermentability using in vitro gas production technique. Treatments consisted of P0 (control/forage without additive), P1 (P0+MEY); P2 (P0+MEY+crude tannin); P3 (P0+Probiotic); P4 (P0+Probiotic+MEY), and P5 (P0+Probiotic+MEY+crude tannin). The study was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications in each treatment. Probiotic, MEY or tannin supplementation significantly increased (P<0.05) gas production without affecting volatile fatty acid, protozoa numbers, methane production and in vitro digestibility of forage. The highest cumulative gas production was found in forage treated by P4 followed by P5, P1, P5, P2, P3 and control. Kinetic of gas production was significantly affected by treatments after 8 h incubation. Although the treatments were only significantly affected gas production kinetic (b, c and total gas), the hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that some parameters consisted of acetate, propionate, in vitro digestibility, protozoa numbers, and methane production were closely correlated to the gas production kinetic parameters. It was concluded that either organic mineral supplementation or its combination with probiotic, and probiotic+tannin improved fermentabilty of forage without negative effect on in vitro digestibility. Key Words: Fermentability, In Vitro Digestibility, Organic Mineral, Probiotic, Tannin

WARU LEAF (Hibiscus tiliaceus) AS SAPONIN SOURCE ON In vitro RUMINAL FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTIC Istiqomah, L.; Hardian, H.; Febrisantosa, A.; Putra, D.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 36, No 1 (2011): (March)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.36.1.43-49

The effect of waru leaf (Hibiscus tiliaceus) supplementation as saponin source on ruminalfermentation characteristics were studied using in vitro gas production techniques. Rumen fluid wastaken from fistulated Ongole crossbreed cattle. The treatments consisted of control treatments (Napiergrass with monensin and Napier grass without waru leaf (0% saponin level) and waru leafsupplementation treatments as much as 11, 22, 33, and 44 mg of feed (in dry matter basis) or equal to 5,10, 15, and 20% saponin level added to feed substrate of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum). Theresult showed that protozoa numbers and total gas production were significantly reduced (P<0.05) inline with the increasing of saponin level compared to 0% saponin level, while NH3, VFA concentrationand pH after 48 h fermentation were not affected by the treatment. VFA concentration increased by waruleaf up to 10% saponin level then decreased at level 15 and 20%. Ratio of acetate to propionate (A/P)and non glucogenic ratio (NGR) decreased at 5, 10, and 15% saponin level, but increased at level 20%.It could be concluded that waru leaf supplementation at 10% saponin level of feed was the optimumlevel which gave positive effect on rumen feed fermentation.

Cholesterol-lowering activity of lactic acid bacteria and yeast when used as probiotics in laying quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) Istiqomah, L.; Sakti, A. A.; Sofyan, A.; Herdian, H.; Anggraeni, A. S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 45, No 4 (2020): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.45.4.305-319

This study aimed to evaluate the administration of Lactobacillus plantarum AKK-30 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-18 as probiotics in reducing cholesterol of blood, egg, and meat and also the production performance of laying quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica). A number of 600 birds of the twenty one-day-old quails were distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 6 replications (initial BW= 101.35 ± 1.64 g). Treatments were as follows: A = negative control (basal diet without probiotic), B = 1% of L. plantarum AKK-30 (107 cfu/g), C = 1% of S. cerevisiae B-18 (106 cfu/g), D = 1% of a probiotic consortium, E = positive control (commercial probiotic). Parameters observed were blood biochemistry profiles, product quality, and production performance. The results revealed that administration of 1% S. cerevisiae (C) resulted the lowest cholesterol in blood (101.75 mg/dL) and egg (9.44 mg/g) and while administration of 1% L. plantarum(B) increased meat protein and decreased fat content (P<0.05). Level of blood triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were not different among treatments. Probiotic treatments did not affect the growth performance, quail day production (QDP), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg uniformity. However, probiotic increased diameter of egg yolk (P<0.05). It was concluded that administration of single probiotic L. plantarum AKK-30 or S. cerevisiae B-18 improves the quality of laying quail products.

Cholesterol Assimilation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae B-18 isolated from gastrointestinal tract of Javanese duck Istiqomah, L.; Anwar, M.; Anggraeni, A.S.; Damayanti, E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 43, No 2 (2018): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.43.2.149-158

This study had a purpose of obtaining potential indigenous yeasts for assimilating cholesterol and assessed the in vitro activity of Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) using Chloramphenicol Yeast Glucose (CYG) media supplemented CaCl2 and Taurodeoxycholic Acid (TDCA). Yeasts were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of Indonesian native chicken (Gallus javanicus), Javanese duck (Anas javanicus), and Muscovy duck (Anas moschata). The BSH assay was performed to determine secretion of BSH from yeast strain to conjugate bile salts into cholic acid-free by measuring precipitation zone in a specific medium. The quantitative measurement to assimilate cholesterol in yeast using CYG broth contained soluble cholesterol (500 ppm) and incubated at 30°C for 72 hours. Microplate reader used to analyze cholesterol content in the supernatant. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with one way completely randomized. Precipitation zone found among isolates did not significantly different (P>0.05). Isolate B-18 from Javanese duck performed the highest percentage of assimilating cholesterol with the value of 51.83% and identified as S. cerevisiae. This isolate was closely related to S. cerevisiae mt 21s (accession number X00149.1)based on phylogenetic tree analysis. It could be concluded that S. cerevisiae B-18was potential for assimilating cholesterol in vitro.

Cellulolytic yeast from gastrointestinal tract of muscovy duck (Anas moscata) as probiotic candidate Anggraeni, A.S.; Istiqomah, L.; Damayanti, E.; Anwar, M.; Sakti, A.A.; Karimy, M.F.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 43, No 4 (2018): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.43.4.361-372

Cellulose is one of limiting factors in local poultry feed. Yeast exploration of local poultry gastrointestinal tract and its utilization as a probiotic candidate has not been widely studying. A total of 112 isolates of yeast were obtained from the digestive tract of Muscovy Duck, Javanesse Duck and Indonesian Native Chicken in the small intestine, cecum, and colon. Yeast with cellulolytic activity was quantitatively selected using CYG agar + 1% CMC medium with an incubation time of 30 ° C for 48 hours under anaerobic conditions. A total of 107 isolates of yeasts have cellulolytic activity. M41 yeast isolates of Mentok cecum possess highest clear zones cellulolytic activity (0.64 cm). M41 yeast characterization includes molecular identification, growth ability testing in CMC and glucose combination medium, CMCase activity, and viability test of probiotic ability with time variation. The results showed that yeast M41 had 98% proximity with Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on 26S sRNA gene sequence analysis, optimum growth on medium containing 1% CMC and 0.1% glucose (b / v), CMCase activity of 42.98 U / mL, and has a viability of 91.91; 66.22; 42.00; 42.00; 1.83 and 42.13 (%) respectively on bile salts 2 hours and 3 hours, gastric juice 45 minutes and 2 hours, pH 2 and pH 3 for 90 minutes. Based on results of the study, it was concluded that S. cerevisiae M41 potentially as a probiotic candidate for poultry with cellulolytic activity.

AMINO ACID PROFILE OF EARTHWORM AND EARTHWORM MEAL (Lumbricus rubellus) FOR ANIMAL FEEDSTUFF Istiqomah, L.; Sofyan, A.; Damayanti, E.; Julendra, H.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.253-257

Earthworm meal (Lumbricus rubellus) has become one of natural material that could be used asfeed additive. Powdering method of earthworm was done by using formic acid addition. The study wascarried out (1) to evaluate the essential amino acid profile of earthworm and earthworm meal, (2) tocalculate the value of essential amino acid index (EAAI) of both materials. A modified EAAI equationwas developed from the essential amino acid profile of earthworm and earthworm meal. The resultshowed that essential amino acid of earthworm was dominated by histidine (0.63% of dry matter basis),meanwhile the earthworm meal was dominated by isoleucine (1.98% of dry matter basis). The nonessential amino acid of earthworm and earthworm meal was dominated by glutamic acid (1.52% and3.60% of dry matter basis respectively). The value of essential amino acid index obtained fromearthworm meal was higher (58.67%) than those from earthworm (21.23%). It is concluded thatpowdering method of earthworm by using formic acid addition had higher amino acid balance thanearthworm.

LACTIC ACID BACTERIAL SCREENING FROM GASTROINTESTINAL DIGESTIVE TRACT OF NATIVE AND BROILER CHICKEN FOR PROBIOTIC CANDIDATE PURPOSES Damayanti, E.; Herdian, H.; Angwar, M.; Febrisiantosa, A.; Istiqomah, L.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 37, No 3 (2012): (September)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.37.3.168-175

The aim of his research was to obtain lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from gastrointestinal digestivetract (GIT) of chickens for probiotic candidate purposes. LAB was isolated from GIT of broiler andnative chickens on selective medium (MRS+0.2% CaCO3). Screening method based on microbiologicaland biochemical characteristics, antibacterial properties, growth on various temperature, aeration, andagitation, antibiotic sensitivity, and viability on acid pH, gastric juice and bile salt. Thirty nine of LABisolates was selected from native chicken and 18 isolates from broiler chicken. The selected LABinhibited Escherichia coli FNCC 0091 growth and grown on 30, 39 and 45oC of temperature, aerobic,anaerobic and agitation conditions. Biochemical identification using API 50 CHL kit revealed that I72from native chicken ileum as Lactobacillus salivarius and Db9 from broiler chicken duodenum asPediococcus pentosaceus. All LAB were resistant to Erythromicin, Penicillin G and Streptomycin astested antibiotics. Both of them have non significantly different of viability on acid pH (1, 2 and 3),gastric juice pH 2 and bile salt which were 91.78% for L. salivarius I72 and 94.48% for P. pentosaceusDb9 (P<0.05). Based on characteristics, both the selected LAB have potentiality as chicken probioticcandidates.

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