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All Journal Biota: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian
Nursamsi Pusposendjojo
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Variasi Genetik Berdasarkan Penanda Molekular Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Pada Jamur Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Nuraeni Ekowati; Rina Sri Kasiamdari; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; C.J. Soegihardjo
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 16, No 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v16i2.97

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui variasi genetik jamur Lentinula edodes asal Malang, Cianjur, Lembang, dan Yogyakarta serta mendapatkan primer terseleksi untuk identifikasi L. edodes secara molekular. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika, Fakultas Biologi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Tahapan penelitian terdiri atas ekstraksi DNA dari miselium empat isolat L. edodes dan satu sampel outgroup (Pleurotus ostreatus), amplifikasi DNA dengan teknik PCR-RAPD menggunakan delapan jenis primer (OPA 1, OPA 2, OPA 3, OPA 4, OPA 7, OPA 8, OPA 9 dan OPA 10), elektroforesis menggunakan gel agarosa dan pengamatan pita DNA dengan UV transluminator. Data pita DNA dianalisis dengan software NTSYSpc21 untuk menentukan tingkat similaritas, jarak genetik dan untuk mengkonstruksi dendrogram berdasarkan metode UPGMA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua primer yang digunakan dapat mengamplifikasi DNA sampel dan satu diantaranya (OPA 4) tidak dapat menunjukkan adanya polimorfisme pada keempat isolat. Ukuran fragmen DNA teramplifikasi berkisar antara 1291774 bp. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa antara isolat L. edodes asal Malang, Cianjur, Lembang dan Yogyakarta terdapat variasi genetik dengan jarak genetik antara 7886%. Polimorfisme tertinggi (83,33%) diperoleh menggunakan primer OPA 2.
Dominansi dan Seleksi Jamur Aspergillus Perusak Gaplek H. A. Oramahi; Christanti Sumardiyono; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; Haryadi Haryadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 1 (2010): February 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i1.2646

Abstract

Dried cassava is a suitable host for the growth and development of the genus Aspergillus. Fungi reported to grow on dried cassava were A. clavatus, A. flavus, A. foetidus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. ochraceus, A. oryzae, A. tamarii, A. zonatus, dan Aspergillus sp. From those species, A. flavus is the most important species because of its toxigenic characteristic on agricultural product. This study was conducted to study dominant species of Aspergillus causing the most severe deterioration on stored dried cassava and causing the highest deterioration in dried cassava. The isolates were then cultured for determination of dominant species. The in vitro experiment was to obtain the species of Aspergillus that is resulted in highest change of dried cassava spoilage. Based on relative index frequency (Rif) and presence index of the fungus (Pif), A. flavus was the most dominant species and causing the highest deterioration on the dried cassava.
Pengaruh Lengas Nisbi dan Suhu terhadap Kerusakan Gaplek Akibat Aspergillus flavus Selama Penyimpanan H. A. Oramahi; Christanti Sumardiyono; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; Haryadi Haryadi
Biota : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati Vol 15, No 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/biota.v15i2.2723

Abstract

A study on the spoilage of dried cassava by Aspergillus flavus was still limited so that such study is very important to do. This experiment was done to examine the effect of relative humidity (RH) and storage room temperature on the development of A. flavus and dried cassava spoilage during storage time. Based on the population of A. flavus, starch content, reduction sugar content, and water content of dried cassava, it was concluded that RH 65%, the temperature of 30 and 35oC had better storage condition for dried cassava because it resulted in the lowest population of A. flavus and the lowest deterioration of dried cassava.
VIRULENSI 9 ISOLAT FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI DAN PERKEMBANGAN GEJALA LAYU FUSARIUM PADA DUA VARIETAS TOMAT DI RUMAH KACA Abdul Azis Ambar; Achmadi Priyatmojo; Bambang Hadisutrisno; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo
Agrin Vol 14, No 2 (2010): Agrin
Publisher : Jenderal Soedirman University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.agrin.2010.14.2.104

Abstract

Penyakit layu fusarium disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol), merupakan penyakitpenting tomat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui tingkat virulensi Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici darilokasi berbeda pada varietas Roma dan Money Maker, dan perkembangan penyakit layu fusarium di rumahkaca. Penelitian ini menggunakan suspensi Fol hasil monospora (1 x 107 konidium/ml air steril) dan tomat yangberumur 4 minggu. Akar direndam dalam suspensi Fol selama 30 menit, kemudian di tanam dalam pot yangtelah berisi campuran tanah dan pupuk. Hasil uji virulensi Fol isolat (A1) dan (A2) memperlihatkan virulensitinggi pada 2 varietas tomat yaitu (78%; 75%) untuk Roma dan (92%; 85%) untuk Money Maker. Keduaperlakuan tersebut berbeda nyata dengan kontrol. Rata-rata virulensi isolat Fol pada varietas Roma lebih rendah(< 50%) dibanding varietas Money Maker (> 50%). Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa varietas Roma lebih tahandibanding varietas Money Maker. Hasil pengamatan untuk perkembangan gejala layu fusarium di rumah kacaberupa menguningnya kotiledon kemudian kotiledon layu, diikuti mengeringnya ujung daun pertama. Gejalaberlanjut, mengering sampai gugurnya kotiledon yang diiringi dengan awal menguningnya daun, semua ujungdaun kering dan daun menguning, dan akhirnya daun layu. Gejala lain tampak dari penelitian adalah pengerdilantanaman pada kedua varietas.Kata kunci: virulensi fol, perkembangan gejala layu, varietas tomat ABSTRACTFusarium wilt diseases caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) as important diseases ontomato. The aim of research was to know the levef of Fol virulence from 9 different origin (Centra Java, SouthSulawesi, and DI. Yogyakarta) and development of fusarium wilt diseases in green house. Monosporic colonysuspension (1x 107 conidia/ml) are used in this research. The test of virulence by pouring the monosporicsuspension of Fol isolates for 30 minutes on both varieties Roma and Money Maker were 4 weeks old. The resultshowed that A1 and A2 isolates more severity (78% and75% on Roma variety) and (92% and 85% on MoneyMaker variety) than other isolates. Amount of virulence showed Roma variety (< 50%) lower than MoneyMaker variety (> 50%). This result indicated that Roma variety more resistant than Money Maker variety. Theobservation of fusarium wilt development showed that early symptom of yellow – wilt cotyledont followed withdry of leaf tip. By the time, development of symptom was cotyledon senesence to followed yellow of leaf and theend wilt. The other symptom was inhibition of plant growth on tomato.Key words: fol virulency, development of wilt symptom, tomato variety
Co-Authors Abdul Azis Ambar Achmadi Priyatmojo Bambang Hadisutrisno C.J. Soegihardjo Christanti Sumardiyono Haryadi Haryadi Hasan Ashari Oramahi Nuraeni Ekowati Rina Sri Kasiamdari