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Certification of fisheries human rights and its impact to protecting the rights of fishing vessel crew Muhammad Nur; M. Hajir Susanto
Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Vol. 29 No. 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Faculty of Law, University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/ljih.v29i1.14652

The crew of fishing vessels is human beings, the absolute owners of human rights that have been universally recognized. To anticipate and overcome many human rights violations in the Indonesian seas, the Government, through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries issued a Regulation of the Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Number 35 of 2015 concerning Fisheries Human Rights Systems and Certification. This research further describes how the provisions of the fisheries' human rights certification and analyzes their impact on protecting human rights for fishing vessel crews in Indonesia. The author uses a normative juridical research method by examining library materials or other secondary materials. The data collection method used is a literature study. The tools used are documents in the form of primary, secondary, and non-legal legal materials. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and then presented descriptively. This study found that there are various forms of human rights violations against fishing boat crews. Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries then enforces regulation to prevent human rights violations by business actors against fishing vessel crews. There are several weaknesses in regulations and implementations, namely weaknesses in wage system arrangements, limited regulatory targets, the involvement of workers and employers' representatives in the fisheries human rights team that is not clear, weaknesses of the coordinating system for fisheries human rights teams with supervisors employment, weaknesses of fisheries human rights assessment institutions, weaknesses of socialization for employers and workers. The author suggests that it is necessary to strengthen the coordination and cooperation system between ministries in implementing Fisheries Human Rights Regulations. It also needs to improve communication and dissemination of policies and regulations to stakeholders.

Kebijakan Balai Latihan Kerja dalam Usaha Peningkatan Kualitas Tenaga Kerja Pada Masa Pandemi COVID-19 (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Sleman) Muhammad Nur
Jurnal Bina Ketenagakerjaan Vol 2 No 2 (2021): Agustus 2021
Publisher : PPSDM Ketenagakerjaan Kemnaker RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran dan fungsi sekaligus kendala BLK Kabupaten Sleman dalam peningkatan mutu pekerja pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif berupa hukum normatif empiris. Sumber data terdiri dari primer dan sekunder. Menggunakan metode pengumpulan data studi pustaka dan studi lapangan. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa peran dan fungsi Balai Latihan Kerja (BLK) Kabupaten Sleman dalam peningkatan kualitas tenaga kerja pada masa Pandemi COVID-19 tetap dilaksanakan sesuai tugas pokok dan fungsi BLK yaitu melakukan kegiatan teknis operasional dan kegiatan teknis penunjang di bidang pelatihan kerja dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19. Kendala dalam pelaksanaannya yaitu kurangnya fasilitas sarana dan prasarana yang ada di BLK Kabupaten Sleman, dana yang tersedia untuk pelatihan terbagi untuk penanganan COVID-19, waktu pelatihan yang sangat singkat, adanya aturan kesehatan yang membatasi instruktur dan peserta pelatihan untuk melakukan kontak fisik dan larangan berkerumun dengan jumlah yang banyak. Solusi untuk menghadapi kendala yang ada antara lain peningkatan kerjasama antara BLK dengan pihak-pihak lain seperti dinas Kesehatan, Kepolisian dan BKAD Kabupaten Sleman, penambahan fasilitas pelatihan, mengupayakan untuk memperpanjang masa pelatihan, penguatan kualitas instruktur dan tenaga pelatihan khususnya dalam pengembangan kurikulum, metode pelatihan berbasis online, dan integrasi psroses pelatihan dan penempatan, memperkuat sinergi industri UMKM dan kampanye pelatihan kerja dan BLK yang masif. Pelatihan diarahkan pada sektor prioritas (manufaktur, pariwisata dan pertanian) penerapan fungsi peningkatan produktivitas di BLK UPTP dan UPTD.

Observations on the Protection of Refugees in Indonesia Fithriatus Shalihah; Muhammad Nur
Fiat Justisia: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 15 No 4 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/fiatjustisia.v15no4.2143

Pekanbaru City and Makassar City are areas that serve as refugee shelters in Indonesia. Generally, refugees in Pekanbaru City and Makassar City were only transiting, while the main destination was Australia. However, the Australian Government's strict policies resulted in refugees being held in Indonesia for many years. This research then examines how the protection of refugees in Pekanbaru City and Makassar City towards the granting of refugee rights granted by the Government and international organizations regarding the status of refugees so far. The author uses empirical/sociological legal research methods, which are conducted by observational research, by conducting surveys, and empirical or socio-legal approaches, namely through field observations, interviews, and literature studies. The results of this study found that Indonesia has respected the provisions of international law in protecting refugees in Indonesia. The handling of refugees in Indonesia For the most part, it has worked well in granting refugee rights under the provisions of international conventions on refugee status.

ANALISIS KELEMAHAN PENGATURAN PENGUPAHAN BAGI PROFESI DOKTER DI INDONESIA Muhammad Nur
Masalah-Masalah Hukum Vol 50, No 3 (2021): MASALAH-MASALAH HUKUM
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mmh.50.3.2021.304-317

Hasil survei Jaringan Dokter Junior Indonesia (JDN) pada 1-30 Agustus 2018 menyatakan sebanyak 26,24 persen dokter umum di tempat kerja utama Indonesia masih dibayar di bawah tiga juta rupiah per bulan. Kemudian, ada 8,89 persen dokter yang bahkan digaji di bawah satu setengah juta rupiah per bulan. Karena gaji rendah yang diperoleh, banyak dokter akhirnya harus mengambil jam kerja tambahan di beberapa lokasi praktik untuk meningkatkan pendapatan mereka. Bekerja terus menerus untuk dokter meningkatkan risiko malpraktek dan membahayakan pasien. Upah rendah juga membuat dokter apatis terhadap pekerjaan mereka dan sulit berempati dengan pasien serta memicu praktik kerja sama antara perusahaan farmasi dan dokter yang ilegal. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa rendahnya upah dokter disebabkan oleh kelemahan peraturan perundang-undangan, kelemahan peraturan profesi dokter, dan kelemahan perjanjian kerja.

Slavery of Indonesian Migrant Fishers: a Review of Regulation and Its Implementation Muhammad Nur
Yustisia Vol 10, No 2: August 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v10i2.53715

According to the 2018 Global Slavery Index, migrant workers in the maritime and fisheries industry are as the second-ranked sector with the worst modern slavery practices among other work sectors in the world. This article aimed to analyze why many cases of modern slavery experienced by migrant fishers from Indonesia, and what stakeholders should do to improve the protection system for migrant fishers from Indonesia. The author uses normative juridical research methods. The data collection method used is the literature study. The results of this study found that the high number of cases affecting migrant fishers from Indonesia is caused by various governance weaknesses that have occurred so far. These weaknesses occur both at home and abroad. These weaknesses start from policy to implementation in the field and has resulted in cases of violations against migrant fishers that continue to this day. This paper provides some protection model and recommendations for improving the governance of placement and protection for the migrant fishers, namely: 1. Supervision System Improvement; 2. Improvement of the data collection system for Indonesian migrant fishers; 3. Increasing and developing foreign cooperation; 4. Increasing socio-economic reintegration programs; 5. Ratification of the Work in Fishing Convention 2007.

Human Rights Violation Against the Indonesian Migrant Fisheries Crew in Chinese-Flagged Long Xing Vessel Fithriatus Shalihah; Muhammad Nur
Yustisia Vol 10, No 1: April 2021
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/yustisia.v10i1.46515

This paper aimed to analyze human rights violations against migrant fishing boat crews with a case study on the Chinese-flagged Long Xing fishing boat. The research method used is empirical legal research using primary data and secondary data. The results showed that there had been human rights violations experienced by migrant fishing boat crews aboard the Chinese-flagged Long Xing fishing boat. These human rights violations have occurred since the pre-employment phase. The act of dumping the bodies of the crew members of Indonesian ships into the sea in the case of the Long Xing Ship violated the provisions of the ILO Seafarers Regulation Article 30 concerning protocol if the crew of the ship died, also violated Indonesia's national regulations, namely the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 84 of 2013 Article 18 concerning the protocol for repatriating the bodies of crew members. Therefore, Indonesia's Government needs serious improvements to protect Indonesian fishing boat crews by implementing legal protection regarding their rights both before, during, and after Indonesian migrant fishery crew members work abroad

RECOMMENDATION FOR AUTHORIZATION OVERLAPING OF PLACEMENT OF INDONESIAN FISHING VESSELS CREWS ABROAD Muhammad Nur
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

This normative juridical study examines the arrangement of fishing vessel crew placement from Indonesia to foreign countries which has been regulated by more than one institution. However, in the implementation of these institutions did not coordinate with each other which ultimately led to chaotic management in this sector. The fact that has been going on shows that the government is contributing to maintaining bad practices in placing and protecting the fishing vessel crew. This is based on overlapping arrangements regarding of placement and protection of fishing vessel crew. The issue that arises is related to which Ministry’s rule is must be obeyed? or the executor must submit to all rules of all existing ministries? The chaos of that authority ultimately gives rise to sectoral ego of each institution that feels authoritative in this sector. This situation has implications for the protection of fishing vessel crew and the concerns of companies involved in this business sector. Through this research is expected to contribute solutions to solve the problem of chaotic management of fishing vessel crew placement abroad.

Review of International Arrangements Relating to Ownership Status of The Foreign Historical Shipwrecks in Indonesian Water Muhammad Nur
Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 7, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Mataram

At the international level there have been international conventions that accommodate the regulation of historic sinking vessels, although only in general, namely the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982), Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage 2001, International 1989 Convention on Salvage, and The United Nations Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1970. However, if you see the contents of the regulation from the international provisions, it seems that there is no firmness regarding the legal owner of the historic sinking vessel in Indonesia. This study uses a normative juridical research method by examining library materials or other secondary materials. The data collection method used is the literature study. The tool used is a document in the form of primary, secondary and non-legal materials. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively then presented descriptively.

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