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Ideologi dan Konstitusi dalam Perkembangan Negara-Bangsa Indonesia: Rekonstruksi Tradisi, Dekolonisasi, dan Demokratisasi Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 20, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Jurnal Media Hukum

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The research has purpose to investigate the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the ideology and the constitution of Indonesia amidst the development of nation-state post-World War II and post-Cold War and its implication to position of people as a nation and citizens. With a socio-legal approach, the research found that the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution has changed from the ideology and the constitution of postcolonial to the ideology and the constitution of post authoritarian. The change is marked by reduction of reconstruction of tradition and decolonization in the 1945 Constitution. Then, those are replaced by a purpose to democratization of the 1945 Constitution according to the universal values. The change that emphasizes on majority rule and rational choice also has shifted character of people from collectivity as a nation to individuality as a citizen.Â Keyword : nation-state, reconstruction of tradition, decolonization, democratization.

KONSEP JIHAD DALAM KONTEKS NEGARA BANGSA (Studi Kasus Aceh Pasca Perjuangan Kemerdekaan) ZA, M. Syabli; Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada; Hidayat, Syamsul
Profetika Vol. 14, No. 1, Juni 2013
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

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The paper addressed to describe and to explain jihad in nation state context.Jihad is one of the pure concept comes from Islam and not related to territorial boundaries.Jihad can be found wherever Muslims live. While the nation state is a phenomenon,which emerged since the 17th century, caused by decolonization, as well as Indonesia.Contrast to the jihad, the nation state is strongly associated with territorial boundaries.In Indonesia, jihad resonated as a power struggle for independence and also to maintainindependence. However, after Indonesia became an independent nation state, there isalso jihad struggles to break away from it, Aceh with DI/TII and GAM for example.This study aims to uncover and construct the concept of jihad in the context of a nationstate based on Acehâs case. By using the historical method of critical analysis, thispaper used method of literature research.The results showed that: 1) Jihad is an original intent concept in the defense andestablishment of Indonesia as a nation state, establish by founding fathers. 2) Strugglingin Aceh divided into three: when fighting together with Indonesia, fight for an Islamicstate with the DI/TII, and when tried to establish the State of Aceh by GAM. 3) Theconcept of jihad in the nation states could be identified from the opponent, the mainissue, the imagined community, as well as models of state formation. Aceh when joinedIndonesia together in the early days of independence, was fight to jihad, as well as theDI / TII can still called said jihad, in contrast to GAM that regardless of the jihad forthe sake of upholding the state for the people of Aceh. And for Indonesia itself shouldrefers back to the original intent in jihad conception nowadays.Key words: The concept of Jihad, Nation State, Aceh.Â Jihad merupakan konsep yang murni datang dari Islam dan tidak terkaitdengan batas-batas wilayah. Jihad ada dimana umat muslim hidup. Sementara negarabangsa merupakan fenomena, yang muncul sejak abad ke-17 dan salah satunyadisebabkan oleh dekolonialisasi, seperti halnya Indonesia.Berbeda dengan jihad, negarabangsa sangat terkait dengan batas teritorial. Di Indonesia, jihad menggema sebagaikekuatan perjuangan kemerdekaan dan juga mempertahankan kemerdekaan. Namunsetelah Indonesia merdeka, muncul juga perjuangan-perjuangan jihad untuk melepaskandiri dari negara bangsa, Aceh dengan DI/TII dan GAM contohnya.Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengungkap dan mengkontruksi konsep jihad dalam konteks negarabangsa berdasarkan kasus Aceh.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dan termasuk riset kepustakaan (libraryresearch).Yang menjadi bahan kajian adalah buku-buku sejarah tentang perjalananIndonesia dan Aceh yang sekaligus menjadi sumber data primer.Selain itu data jugadiperoleh dari sumber-sumber sekunder sebagai konfirmasi dan penunjangn sumberdata primer.Setelah dilakukan seleksi, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metodehistoris analisis kritis, berupa deskripsi, pembahasan serta kritik-kritik terhadappermasalahan, sehingga bisa didapatkan penafsiran yang konfrehensip terhadap masalahyang diteliti.Hasil penelitian: 1) Konsep Jihad sudah ada sejak pembentukan dan menjelma usahapertahanan negara Indonesia. 2) Jihad di Aceh berdinamika dari berjuang bersamaIndonesia, mendirikan negara Islam dengan DI/TII, dan mendirikan negara Aceh denganGAM. 3) Konsep jihad dalam negara bangsa bisa diidentifikasi dari lawan, isu utama,komunitas terbayang yang dicita-citakan, serta model pembentukan negaranya. Acehketika bergabung berjuang bersama Indonesia di awal kemerdekaan melakukan jihad,begitu juga dengan DI/TII masih bisa dikatakan jihad, berbeda dengan GAM yangterlepas dari jihad demi menegakkan negara bagi bangsa Aceh.Kata kunci: konsep jihad, negara bangsa, Aceh.

IDEOLOGI DAN KONSTITUSI DALAM PERKEMBANGAN NEGARA-BANGSA INDONESIA: REKONSTRUKSI TRADISI, DEKOLONISASI, DAN DEMOKRATISASI Fitriciada Azhari, Aidul
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 20, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

The research has purpose to investigate the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the ideology and the constitution of Indonesia amidst the development of nation-state post-World War II and post-Cold War and its implication to position of people as a nation and citizens. With a socio-legal approach, the research found that the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution has changed from the ideology and the constitution of postcolonial to the ideology and the constitution of post authoritarian. The change is marked by reduction of reconstruction of tradition and decolonization in the 1945 Constitution. Then, those are replaced by a purpose to democratization of the 1945 Constitution according to the universal values. The change that emphasizes on majority rule and rational choice also has shifted character of people from collectivity as a nation to individuality as a citizen.

REKONSTRUKSI KEDUDUKAN KETETAPAN MPR DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA Widayati, Widayati; Absori, Absori; Fitriciada Azhari, Aidul
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 21, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

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Amendments of UUD 1945 Constitution to change the state system of Indonesia, including changes in state institutions, especially institutions MPR. After amendment of 1945 Constitution, MPR position parallel with other state institutions, and the authority of MPR also changed. MPR no longer as the highest state institutions and actors sovereignty of the people so that their authority is very limited. MPR no longer authorized to elect the President and Vice President, and is no longer authorized to establish GBHN. By not competent MPR sets GBHN, then MPR is not authorized to establish to form TAP MPR. It becomes polemic when Law No. 12/2011 2011 places TAP MPR to the kind and hierarchy of Laws and Regulations. Therefore, This research will analize the development of position of TAP MPR related to authority of MPR, then reconstructed to the position of TAP MPR on Indonesiaâs constitutional system. The method used to analyze is normative. In the reconstruction of the position of TAP MPR carried by the fifth amendment of the 1945 Constitution to strengthen the MPR institutions and give the highest authority MPR, one of which is to develop a state policy that is poured into legal products MPR.

PERKEMBANGAN DAN EKSISTENSI HUKUM ADAT: Dari Sintesis, Transplantasi, integrasi Hingga Konservasi Ridwan, Ridwan; Dimyati, Khudzaifah; Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada
Jurnal Jurisprudence Vol 6, No 2 (2016): Vol. 6, No.2, Desember 2016
Publisher : Muhammadiyah University Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/jurisprudence.v6i2.3008

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan pola perkembangan hukum adat di Bima dan keberadaannya setelah reformasi, sehingga kecenderungan dikenal. Jenis penelitian ini adalah non-doktrinal, atau sosial hukum (kualitatif), dengan pendekatan historis, data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer dan data sekunder. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah; (1) pola perkembangan hukum adat Bima ada, a) hukum Sintesis, yaitu ketika hukum adat dan hukum Islam bertemu dan saling melengkapi, dan tidak ada konfrontasi antara mereka, b) hukum Transplantasi, terjadi ketika sistem hukum kolonial didorong ke pengaturan lokal dengan batas kewenangan peradilan Islam, yang menyebabkan kekosongan hukum, c) Integrasi hukum, ketika pemerintah pusat untuk membangun keseragaman politik hukum melalui kodifikasi dan unifikasi, d) hukum positif, yaitu pada saat reformasi bertiup, semangat lokal dibentuk melalui peraturan, (2) adanya hukum adat yang ada kerugian lengkap, dan yang masih hidup, yang masih hidup hukum adat ditemukan di masyarakat Donggo, dengan semua fleksibilitas dan berbagai bentuk sanksi.

KONSEP JIHAD DALAM KONTEKS NEGARA BANGSA (Studi Kasus Aceh Pasca Perjuangan Kemerdekaan) ZA, M. Syabli; Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada; Hidayat, Syamsul
Profetika Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 14, No. 1, Juni 2013
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v14i1.2005

The paper addressed to describe and to explain jihad in nation state context.Jihad is one of the pure concept comes from Islam and not related to territorial boundaries.Jihad can be found wherever Muslims live. While the nation state is a phenomenon,which emerged since the 17th century, caused by decolonization, as well as Indonesia.Contrast to the jihad, the nation state is strongly associated with territorial boundaries.In Indonesia, jihad resonated as a power struggle for independence and also to maintainindependence. However, after Indonesia became an independent nation state, there isalso jihad struggles to break away from it, Aceh with DI/TII and GAM for example.This study aims to uncover and construct the concept of jihad in the context of a nationstate based on Aceh?s case. By using the historical method of critical analysis, thispaper used method of literature research.The results showed that: 1) Jihad is an original intent concept in the defense andestablishment of Indonesia as a nation state, establish by founding fathers. 2) Strugglingin Aceh divided into three: when fighting together with Indonesia, fight for an Islamicstate with the DI/TII, and when tried to establish the State of Aceh by GAM. 3) Theconcept of jihad in the nation states could be identified from the opponent, the mainissue, the imagined community, as well as models of state formation. Aceh when joinedIndonesia together in the early days of independence, was fight to jihad, as well as theDI / TII can still called said jihad, in contrast to GAM that regardless of the jihad forthe sake of upholding the state for the people of Aceh. And for Indonesia itself shouldrefers back to the original intent in jihad conception nowadays.Key words: The concept of Jihad, Nation State, Aceh. Jihad merupakan konsep yang murni datang dari Islam dan tidak terkaitdengan batas-batas wilayah. Jihad ada dimana umat muslim hidup. Sementara negarabangsa merupakan fenomena, yang muncul sejak abad ke-17 dan salah satunyadisebabkan oleh dekolonialisasi, seperti halnya Indonesia.Berbeda dengan jihad, negarabangsa sangat terkait dengan batas teritorial. Di Indonesia, jihad menggema sebagaikekuatan perjuangan kemerdekaan dan juga mempertahankan kemerdekaan. Namunsetelah Indonesia merdeka, muncul juga perjuangan-perjuangan jihad untuk melepaskandiri dari negara bangsa, Aceh dengan DI/TII dan GAM contohnya.Penelitian inibertujuan untuk mengungkap dan mengkontruksi konsep jihad dalam konteks negarabangsa berdasarkan kasus Aceh.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dan termasuk riset kepustakaan (libraryresearch).Yang menjadi bahan kajian adalah buku-buku sejarah tentang perjalananIndonesia dan Aceh yang sekaligus menjadi sumber data primer.Selain itu data jugadiperoleh dari sumber-sumber sekunder sebagai konfirmasi dan penunjangn sumberdata primer.Setelah dilakukan seleksi, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan metodehistoris analisis kritis, berupa deskripsi, pembahasan serta kritik-kritik terhadappermasalahan, sehingga bisa didapatkan penafsiran yang konfrehensip terhadap masalahyang diteliti.Hasil penelitian: 1) Konsep Jihad sudah ada sejak pembentukan dan menjelma usahapertahanan negara Indonesia. 2) Jihad di Aceh berdinamika dari berjuang bersamaIndonesia, mendirikan negara Islam dengan DI/TII, dan mendirikan negara Aceh denganGAM. 3) Konsep jihad dalam negara bangsa bisa diidentifikasi dari lawan, isu utama,komunitas terbayang yang dicita-citakan, serta model pembentukan negaranya. Acehketika bergabung berjuang bersama Indonesia di awal kemerdekaan melakukan jihad,begitu juga dengan DI/TII masih bisa dikatakan jihad, berbeda dengan GAM yangterlepas dari jihad demi menegakkan negara bagi bangsa Aceh.Kata kunci: konsep jihad, negara bangsa, Aceh.

Penyelenggaraan Pemerintahan Daerah dalam Urusan Konkuren Bidang Pelayanan Dasar di Kota Serang Faisal, Rizki Ramadhan; Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada
Volksgeist: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Konstitusi Vol 4 No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Purwokerto, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/volksgeist.v4i1.4800

This article aims to identify and describe problems regarding the implementation of local government in concurrent affairs of the basic services in Serang. Basic services based on Law Number 23 of 2014, include: a. education; b. Health; and c. Social. This article formulates the following problems: 1. What are the problems in Serang?, 2. What factors that influence the implementation of local government in education, health, and social affairs in Serang?. The author identifies four main problems: a. The condition and availability of regional infrastructure is not optimal; b. lack of innovation and low competitiveness of the regional economy; c. The implementation of governance is not yet optimal; and d. The implementation of local government in education, health and social affairs is not yet optimal. This research uses analytical descriptive research. Based on the four problems mentioned earlier, the local government should immediately design and reorganize priority scale programs in the Regional Development Work Plan (RKPD). It is hoped that it will have good impact toward the community and the implementation of local government based on the principles of good governance.

IDEOLOGI DAN KONSTITUSI DALAM PERKEMBANGAN NEGARA-BANGSA INDONESIA: REKONSTRUKSI TRADISI, DEKOLONISASI, DAN DEMOKRATISASI Fitriciada Azhari, Aidul
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 20, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v20i1.1405

The research has purpose to investigate the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as the ideology and the constitution of Indonesia amidst the development of nation-state post-World War II and post-Cold War and its implication to position of people as a nation and citizens. With a socio-legal approach, the research found that the development of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution has changed from the ideology and the constitution of postcolonial to the ideology and the constitution of post authoritarian. The change is marked by reduction of reconstruction of tradition and decolonization in the 1945 Constitution. Then, those are replaced by a purpose to democratization of the 1945 Constitution according to the universal values. The change that emphasizes on majority rule and rational choice also has shifted character of people from collectivity as a nation to individuality as a citizen.

UNDERAGE MARRIAGE IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF WOMEN'S PROTECTION Widihartati S; Khudzaifah Dimyati; Absori Absori; Aidul Fitriciada Azhari
UNTAG Law Review Vol 1, No 2 (2017): UNTAG Law Review (ULREV)
Publisher : Faculty of Law Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Semarang

Underage marriage is marriage committed by underage children or adolescents in which it must obtain the permission from the Judges of the Religious Court. This study aims at describing and exploring underage marriage dispensations based on the decision of the religious court judges in the Province of Central Java. This research uses juridical-normative method with qualitative and descriptive research type. The data of this research is secondary data that are related directly to the research object. Technique of collecting data is literature study, i.e. various main and supporting materials related to the problem. Data analysis techniques are processed and discussed using deductive methods. The results of the research indicate that the judges' ruling only concerns with the doctrine of positive law with the aim at obtaining clear legal status. Therefore, their decision does not take intoaccount the aspects of the future interests of children and women

REKONSTRUKSI KEDUDUKAN KETETAPAN MPR DALAM SISTEM KETATANEGARAAN INDONESIA Widayati Widayati; Absori Absori; Aidul Fitriciada Azhari
Jurnal Media Hukum Vol 21, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/jmh.v21i2.1191

Amendments of UUD 1945 Constitution to change the state system of Indonesia, including changes in state institutions, especially institutions MPR. After amendment of 1945 Constitution, MPR position parallel with other state institutions, and the authority of MPR also changed. MPR no longer as the highest state institutions and actors sovereignty of the people so that their authority is very limited. MPR no longer authorized to elect the President and Vice President, and is no longer authorized to establish GBHN. By not competent MPR sets GBHN, then MPR is not authorized to establish to form TAP MPR. It becomes polemic when Law No. 12/2011 2011 places TAP MPR to the kind and hierarchy of Laws and Regulations. Therefore, This research will analize the development of position of TAP MPR related to authority of MPR, then reconstructed to the position of TAP MPR on Indonesia’s constitutional system. The method used to analyze is normative. In the reconstruction of the position of TAP MPR carried by the fifth amendment of the 1945 Constitution to strengthen the MPR institutions and give the highest authority MPR, one of which is to develop a state policy that is poured into legal products MPR.

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