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Directives for Mangrove Forest and Coastal Forest Rehabilitation in Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster Area in the Provinces of Manggroe Aceh Darussalam and Sumatera Utara (Nias Island), Indonesia Cecep Kusmana; Sambas Basuki; Sri Wilarso; Iin Ichwandi; Oteng Haridjaja; Agus Soleh; S Samsuri
Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika Vol. 11 No. 2 (2005)
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB University)

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Peristiwa gempa bumi dan tsunami yang melanda Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) dan Pulau Nias Sumatera Utara pada bulan Desember 2004 telah mengakibatkan rusaknya sebagian besar hutan mangrove dan hutan pantai di kedua wilayah tersebut. Berhubung kedua tipe hutan tersebut sangat penting untuk menopang kelangsungan hidup penduduk pantai, maka penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan arahan rehabilitasi hutan mangrove dan pantai yang rusak akibat tsunami di NAD dan Pulau Nias. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilayah pantai yang tanahnya berupa tanah mineral yang bukan lumpur dengan salinitas yang tinggi (di atas 10 0/00) seyogyanya ditanami oleh jenis mangrove eklusif (Rhizophora stylosa, R. apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Ceriops tagal dan Aegeciros floridum) dan mangrove asosiat (Osbornea octodonta dan Scyphiphora sp.), tanah bukan lumpur dengan salinitas rendah oleh berbagai jenis pohon hutan pantai (Casuarina equisetifolia, dan lain-lain), tanah lumpur bersalinitas tinggi oleh Avicenia spp. dan R. Mucronata; dan tanah gambut seyogyanya ditanami oleh Bruguiera gymnorrizha. Adapun lebar jalur hijau vegetasi yang disarankan adalah minimal 225 m untuk wilayah NAD dan 211 m untuk wilayah pulau Nias. Untuk merealisasikan kegiatan rehabilitasi vegetasi pantai yang bersifat multitahun di NAD dan Nias maka kegiatan rehabilitasi tersebut harus ditempatkan dalam rangka pembangunan daerah.

Pengaruh Bobot Isi Tanah Terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah Dan Perkecambahan Benih Kacang Tanah Dan Kedelai (Effect Of Soil Bulk Density On Soil Physical Properties And Seed Germinations Of Peanut And Soybean) Oteng Haridjaja; Yayat Hidayat; Lina Siti Maryamah
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 15 No. 3 (2010): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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Soil physical properties can affect to seed germination and plant growth. Soil compaction will degrade soil physical properties which in term will affect to root penetration and developement in the soil. The improvements of soil physical properties is required to ensure seed germination and plant growth such as treatment to maintain soil bulk density is quite low. The purpose of this research is to study the influence of soil compaction (soil bulk density) to soil physical characteristics and seed gemination of peanuts and soybean. This research used Jasinga Podsolik soil, conducted at Soil Physical Laboratory, Departement of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture IPB. and Greenhouse of Center of Biological Resources and Biotechnology, Research and Community Service Agency, IPB (March-November 2009). Completed random design was used as experimental design and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to identify the effect of treatment. The bulk density result of the research showed that the increasing of soil bulk density (soil compaction) had significantly affect on pF curves, permeability rate, and soil resistance before or after planting. For peanuts, soil compaction significantly affect to plant height and root length. Soil compaction did not significantly affect of stem diameter, number of leaves, canopy or root biomass. For soybean, the influence of soil compaction did not significantly affect just only on plant height. Stem diameter, number of leaves, root length or root and canopy biomasses were not affected by soil compaction.

Perencanaan Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Lahan yang Terkena Dampak Penggunaan Lahan untuk Penembangan Kapur Oteng Haridjaja; Wiwik Dwi Haryanti; Rina Oktaviani
Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol. 16 No. 1 (2011): Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia
Publisher : Institut Pertanian Bogor

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The need of cement industry mine material to support the requirements on agricultural land resource as livelihood is two different interest that have a potential to emerge conflict of interest on nature resource utilization. Knowing the nature and human resource potentials as well as determining the direction of utilization planning strategy for sustainable land management. Research was carried out from November 2008 - April 2009. This is a descriptive qualitative study to describe the field condition. For determining sustainable land utilizationand management priority was used AHP by pair elements comparison method. General condition explained that land utilization for ecologically agriculture commodities is on appropriate land: un-suitability (NS), marginally suitability (S-3t, and S-3gt) for seasonal plants, as well as un-suitability (NS), marginally suitability (S-3te), and moderatly suitability (S-2te) for annual plants. The agricultural, industrial, and husbandry commodities that have proper economic potential is cassava, long bean, cucumber, mangoes, wood (albasia), tapioca industry, and goats husbandry. Main job as farmers is 85 %, 83°/o don't have an own land so they need an agricultural land. It is very important for their who have livelihood as a paisant, 72°/o moreover for theirs who were in a productive age. Result of AHPto determine the direction of land utilization and management pre, post, and non mining land showed that the stakeholders group who have important role on all land condition is the corporate. Priority ecology aspect on pre and post mining, socially aspect is on non-mining land utilization and management, the main choice for non-mining land utilization and management is food plants. Although value priority of bio-fuel plantation is higher than value priority of food plants, but food plants have more useful in social and economic. Priority pre-mining land utilization and management is food plants, and post-mining is land management based on sustainable environment.

Between 1992-2005 there were 8 tsunamis occurred in Indonesia. At 17 July 2006 tsunami reached the southern coast of West Java, Cilacap and Yogyakarta. Tsunamis had caused heavy destruction and death. The aim of the study is to find out spatially the potential of inundation area by tsunami wave based on the distribution of inundation extent of different run up. The run up of 7.5 m flooded 4% from whole study area. 36% of the area was flooded by 15 m run up. When the run up was 7,5 m, some area Anita Zaitunah; Cecep Kusmana; I Nengah Surati Jaya; Oteng Haridjaja
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 34 No. 4 (2011): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Between 1992-2005 there were 8 tsunamis occurred in Indonesia. At 17 July 2006 tsunami reached the southern coast of West Java, Cilacap and Yogyakarta. Tsunamis had caused heavy destruction and death. The aim of the study is to find out spatially the potential of inundation area by tsunami wave based on the distribution of inundation extent of different run up. The run up of 7.5 m flooded 4% from whole study area. 36% of the area was flooded by 15 m run up. When the run up was 7,5 m, some areas were flooded reaching 200 m from the coast and there were also some points going further to 1 km. The run up of 15 m moved further to 4,5 km. The information on the distance and extent of inundation from some possible run up of tsunami become an input on potential areas flooded by water and having destruction. Key words: tsunami, inundation, coastal area, West Java

Cacao plant is one of the major commodity of plantation in South East Sulawesi, especially in Konawe regency. Practices of land management implemented by the local cacao farmers in many cases are not in accordance to soil and water conservation principles until caused of soil degradation. The research was aimed to investigate the alteration of soil physics properties on the local farmers cacao cropping land at different slope as related to canopy cover. The research was conducted in Amosilu V Nurmi .; Oteng Haridjaja; Sitanala Arsyad; Sudirman Yahya
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 1 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Cacao plant is one of the major commodity of plantation in South East Sulawesi, especially in Konawe regency. Practices of land management implemented by the local cacao farmers in many cases are not in accordance to soil and water conservation principles until caused of soil degradation. The research was aimed to investigate the alteration of soil physics properties on the local farmers cacao cropping land at different slope as related to canopy cover. The research was conducted in Amosilu Village, Besulutu District, Konawe Regency, the Province of South East Sulawesi, from December 2006 to September 2007. The experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting of three factors, namely (i) slope consisting of two levels (10-15% and 40-45%) and (ii) age of the cacao plant consisting of two levels (5 to 7 months and 25 to 27 months) were used as main plots (P1 = 5 to 7 months and 10-15%; P2 = 25 to 27 months and 10-15%; P3 = 5 to 7 months and 40-45%; and P4 = 25 to 27 months and 40-45%), while (iii) vegetatif conservation treatment was used as sub plots consisting of three levels, i.e T1 = cacao with disc clearing, T2 = dry field rice and soybean rotation within cacao plant, T3 = T2 + Arachis pintoi as strip plant. There was not interaction between both cacao plant and slope treatment with vegetative conservation treatment to soil physics properties, exception on aggregate stability index. The result showed that vegetative conservation treatment (T1) that is cacao with disc clearing was best alternative because they implied the higher rate of total porosity (61,8%) and the lower rate of bulk density (1,013 g cm-3) as soon as the raising of aggregate stability index as well. Key words: cacao, canopy cover, conservation, soil physics properties

Soil and water conservation treatment have a significant effect on value of C factor and soil erosion. Vegetatif conservation treatment aimed to reduce of both C factor and soil erosion of the cacao cropping system. The decrease of both C factor and soil erosion were affected by density of crop canopy and plant rows in counter line, with organic matter addition from system mentioned above. Experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting three factors, namely ( Nurmi Hafid; Oteng Haridjaja; Sitanala Arsyad; Sudirman Yahya
Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 31 No. 4 (2008): Forum Pascasarjana
Publisher : Forum Pasca Sarjana

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Soil and water conservation treatment have a significant effect on value of C factor and soil erosion. Vegetatif conservation treatment aimed to reduce of both C factor and soil erosion of the cacao cropping system. The decrease of both C factor and soil erosion were affected by density of crop canopy and plant rows in counter line, with organic matter addition from system mentioned above. Experimental method with field study was applied in split plot design consisting three factors, namely (i) slope consisting two levels (10-15% and 40-45%) and (ii) age of the cacao plant consisting two levels (5 to 7 month and 25 to 27 month) were used as main plots (P1 = 5 to 7 month and 10-15%; P2 = 25 to 27 month and 10-15%; P3 = 5 to 7 month and 40-45%; and P4 = 25 to 27 month and 40-45%), while (iii) vegetatif conservation treatment was used as sub plots consisting three levels, i.e T1 = cacao with disc clearing, T2 = dry field rice and soybean rotation within cacao plants, T3 = T2 + Arachis pintoi as strip plant. There was not interaction between both cacao plant and slope treatment with vegetatif conservation treatment to value of C factor and soil erosion. The value of C factor in cacao plant and slope treatment P3 (0,43) was significantly different with P4 (0,37). The value of C factor in the vegetatif conservation treatment T1 (0,25) was significantly lower (P < 0,05) than T2 (0,55) and T3 (0,39). Soil erosion in cacao plant and slope treatment P2 (15,99 ton.ha-1.year-1) was significantly lower than P1, P3, and P4. Furthermore, soil erosion in the vegetatif conservation treatment T1 (12,95 ton ha-1 year-1) was significantly lower than T2 and T3. Data analysis with ANOVA (analysis of variance) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (P < 0,05) were done by using SAS program. Key words: cacao, erosion, the value of C factor

Phonska Fertilizer Leaching and Its Effect on Spinach Growth and Productivity (Amaranthus tricolor. L) on Latosol with Different Clay Content Ima Sandra Primanti; Oteng Haridjaja
Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Vol 7 No 1 (2005): Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University

Sufficient available water in soil is very essential for plant growth, not only as a nutrient solvent but also to maintainoptimal turgor pressure. Occasionally, additional water supply from irrigation is necessary to achieve optimal soil water,:ondition. The aim of this research was to study leaching of several nutrients correlated to the growth and productivity ofspinach. PHONSKA fertilizer as a source of nutrients was applied to Latosols Darmaga having different clay content. Thetreatments were subjected to different level of water supply resulting in different soil moisture regime. Factorial completelyrandomized design was used for the experiment; the first factor was clay content. Clay content was differentiated between 81% clay (very fine clayey) and 51 % clay (fine clayey). The secondfactor was level of water supply (100, 120, 140 and 160 % ofwater holding capacity).The result of this research showed that the interaction between clay content and amount of water supplied significantlyinfluenced rate of N, P and K leaching, the sum of leached water and also produced plant biomass (P

ANALISIS RESPON HIDROLOGI TERHADAP PENERAPAN TEKNIK KONSERVASI TANAH DI SUB DAS LENGKONG MENGGUNAKAN MODEL SWAT Gunadi Firdaus; Oteng Haridjaja; Suria Darma Tarigan
Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Vol 16 No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanah dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University

Salah satu penyebab banjir dan erosi adalah kondisi biofisik di bagian hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) yang sudah tidak dapat mendukung fungsi hidrologis DAS. Perlu dilakukan upaya-upaya penerapan teknik konservasi tanah yang tepat untuk memperbaiki fungsi hidrologis DAS tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) menganalisis respon hidrologi berdasarkan kondisi biofisik DAS pada tingkat analisis skala meso, dan (2) menganalisis respon hidrologi berdasarkan penerapan skenario teknik konservasi tanah. Wilayah kajian untuk penelitian adalah di sub DAS Lengkong yang terletak di bagian hulu DAS Cisadane seluas 1,788 ha. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan pemodelan hidrologi Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Hasil analisis respon hidrologi terhadap penerapan skenario konservasi tanah menunjukkan Koefisien Regim Sungai sebesar 149.71 untuk skenario 1 (penanaman tanaman strip) dan 2 (penanaman pohon mengikuti kontur), sebesar 149.80 untuk skenario 3 (pembuatan teras), sebesar 150.25 untuk skenario 4 (gabungan skenario 1 dan 2), dan sebesar 149.31 untuk skenario 5 (gabungan skenario 1, 2 dan 3). Berdasarkan nisbah erosi potensial dengan erosi yang dapat ditoleransi, diperoleh indeks bahaya erosi untuk skenario 1 sebesar 2.63 (sedang), skenario 2 sebesar 2.57 (sedang), skenario 3 sebesar 0.60 (rendah), skenario 4 sebesar 2.45 (sedang), dan skenario 5 sebesar 0.44 (rendah). Penerapan teknik konservasi tanah yang mengkombinasikan penanaman pohon mengikuti kontur dan penanaman tanaman strip dengan pembuatan teras secara bersamaan, merupakan teknik konservasi tanah yang terbaik untuk memperbaiki respon hidrologi DAS, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di sub DAS Lengkong pada khususnya, dan di DAS Cisadane bagian hulu pada umumnya.

PERBEDAAN NILAI KADAR AIR KAPASITAS LAPANG BERDASARKAN METODE ALHRICKS, DRAINASE BEBAS, DAN PRESSURE PLATE PADA BERBAGAI TEKSTUR TANAH DAN HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN PERTUMBUHAN BUNGA MATAHARI (Helianthus annuus L.) Oteng Haridjaja; Dwi Putro Tejo Baskoro; Mahartika Setianingsih
Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Vol 15 No 2 (2013): Jurnal Tanah dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University

Ketersediaan air dalam tanah merupakan salah satu faktor penting bagi pertumbuhan tanaman. Kadar air pada kapasitas lapang dapat ditetapkan dengan metode yang berbeda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan berbagai metode pengukuran kadar air kapasitas lapang dan melihat responnya terhadap pertumbuhan bunga matahari. Penelitian ini diawali dengan penetapan kadar air kapasitas lapang (KAKL) dengan yaitu metode Alhricks, Drainase bebas, dan Pressure Plate terhadap tiga kelas tekstur tanah berbeda yaitu: liat, lempung liat berpasir, dan lempung berpasir. Selanjutnya di rumah kaca, dilakukan penanaman bunga matahari dengan perlakuan kombinasi perbedaan jenis tekstur dan pemberian air pada KAKL dari masing-masing metode. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan percobaan faktorial acak lengkap dengan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekstur dan metode penetapan serta interaksi keduanya berpengaruh nyata terhadap nilai KAKL. Kadar air kapasitas lapang (% berat) pada tekstur liat (62.18%) lebih besar dibandingkan tekstur lempung liat berpasir (20.42%) dan lempung berpasir (10.92%). Pada penetapan kadar air kapasitas lapang dengan metode Alhricks, ketebalan pasir kuarsa yang paling baik adalah 6 cm dan tanah 3 cm, karena data kadar air yang diperoleh lebih konsisten serta menghasilkan nilai R2 yang paling tinggi (0.967). Pada tekstur liat perlakuan penyiraman yang didasarkan pada KAKL tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, dan biomassa akar kering namun berpengaruh nyata terhadap biomassa akar basah, biomassa tajuk basah dan kering, serta panjang akar. Pada perlakuan tekstur, terlihat perbedaan respon pertumbuhan yang nyata antara tanaman bunga matahari yang ditanam pada tekstur liat, lempung liat berpasir, dan lempung berpasir.

CHANGES IN SOIL PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE SOIL CRUST PROCESS THROUGH THE USE OF CHICKEN MANURE AND POLYACRYLE AMIDE UNDER INTENSE RAINFALL Oteng Haridjaja
Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan Vol 11 No 2 (2009): Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumberdaya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, IPB University

Soil crust is a soil suface layer which is more compact, harder, and brittle when it is drier than underlaying material. The soil physical characteristics such as aggregate stability, bulk density and soil permeability rate are closely related to this soil crust process. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of chicken manure doses and certain chicken manure with PAM (Polyacrile Amide) to soil aggregate, bulk density and soil permeability rate. The result of this research, were: 1) An incremental addition of chicken manure into soil increased soil aggregation percentage, soil stability and soil permeability rate, and 2) The combined incremental additions of chicken manure with PAM were found to be more effective than only an incremental additions of chicken manure, increasing the aggregation percentage, soil aggregate stability, from the soil one day drainage process, but another case in decreasing the bulk density permeability rate from the soil with the same process.

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