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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory (IJCPML)
Jusak Nugraha
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University/Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience

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IL-4 Level in Rifampicin-Sensitive and Rifampicin-Resistant Lung Tuberculosis Patients Joko Susanto; Jusak Nugraha; Soedarsono Soedarsono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1606

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a global health burden. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes humoral and cellularresponses. Macrophages of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis evolve M1 polarization that blocks infection orimmunosuppressive M2, promoting tissue repair mediated by IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. Previous research showed a decrease ofIL-4R and IL-10 expression in lung macrophages of anti-TB drug resistance. A molecular test can detectrifampicin- resistance. There has been no study, which showed the difference in serum IL-4 levels in rifampicin-sensitive andrifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to determine the difference between circulating IL-4 levels inrifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients. This cross-sectional observational studyconsecutively recruited subjects based on positive molecular and acid-fast bacilli microscopic examination from MDR-TBClinic of the Dr. Soetomo Hospital between December 2018 to March 2019. Subjects were classified into arifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant group. On ELISA measurement, IL-4 data were analyzed with SPSS version 17.Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis tests were performed, and p < 0.05 was significant for α=0.05 (95% CI). There wassignificant difference between rifampicin-sensitive group (420±281 pg/mL) and rifampicin-resistant group(253±279 pg/mL) (p=0.014). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed AUC 0.70, the sensitivity of 81.5%, thespecificity of 63.6%, and the cut-off value of 235.6 pg/mL. There was a significantly higher level of circulating IL-4 in therifampicin-sensitive group than the rifampicin-resistant group. IL-4 level in healthy subjects should be measured as thenormal value in the population. Immunology and metabolic parameters should be performed to increase samplehomogeneity. Further study was also needed to understand the IL-4 role in rifampicin resistance of lung tuberculosispatients in the Indonesia population.
Correlation between Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Hantoro Gunawan; Irvan Ipandi; Jusak Nugraha; Ashon Sa&#039;adi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 27, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1600

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in female of childbearing age. PCOS patients also have metabolic and cardiovascular disorder risks. One of the factors that can affect those disorders is androgen hormone level. Dehydroepiandrosterone, is produced by the adrenal gland, and its metabolite dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) has a different effect than testosterone. DHEA and DHEAS might have a protective effect to dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disorder. LDL cholesterol is an important parameter for dyslipidemia therapy guide according to The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol.This research was a cross sectional observational study. DHEAS and LDL cholesterol were examined in 25 research subjects by chemiluminescent immunoassay (Immulite®, Siemens) and colorimetric enzymatic (Dimension EXL®, Siemens). These subjects were divided into 3 groups according to 2003 Rotterdam’s criteria. Spearman and Pearson’s correlation statistical analysis were done, with a significance of p-value less than 0.05This study showed a moderate negative correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol (r= -0.441, p = 0.027). Group D PCOS (non-hyperandrogenic) had a strong negative correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol (r=-0.717, p= 0.001). DHEA, in some literatures was shown to activate Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Response γ (PPAR γ) receptors and thereby increasing LDL-cholesterol receptors in adipose tissue and LDL-cholesterol uptake from serum. The rise in DHEAS might indicate a better prognosis for PCOS patients in terms of cardiovascular complications, especially in group D PCOS.
Correlation between Serum Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate and LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Hantoro Gunawan; Irvan Ipandi; Jusak Nugraha; Ashon Sa'adi
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1600

Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine disorder in female of childbearing age. PCOS patients also have metabolic and cardiovascular disorder risks. One of the factors that can affect those disorders is androgen hormone level. Dehydroepiandrosterone, is produced by the adrenal gland, and its metabolite dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) has a different effect than testosterone. DHEA and DHEAS might have a protective effect to dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disorder. LDL cholesterol is an important parameter for dyslipidemia therapy guide according to The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol. This research was a cross sectional observational study. DHEAS and LDL cholesterol were examined in 25 research subjects by chemiluminescent immunoassay (Immulite®, Siemens) and colorimetric enzymatic (Dimension EXL®, Siemens). These subjects were divided into 3 groups according to 2003 Rotterdam's criteria. Spearman and Pearson's correlation statistical analysis were done, with a significance of p-value less than 0.05 This study showed a moderate negative correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol (r= -0.441, p = 0.027). Group D PCOS (non-hyperandrogenic) had a strong negative correlation between DHEAS and LDL cholesterol (r=-0.717, p= 0.001). DHEA, in some literatures was shown to activate Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Response γ (PPAR γ) receptors and thereby increasing LDL-cholesterol receptors in adipose tissue and LDL-cholesterol uptake from serum. The rise in DHEAS might indicate a better prognosis for PCOS patients in terms of cardiovascular complications, especially in group D PCOS.
IL-4 Level in Rifampicin-Sensitive and Rifampicin-Resistant Lung Tuberculosis Patients Joko Susanto; Jusak Nugraha; Soedarsono Soedarsono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 27 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v27i1.1606

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a global health burden. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection causes humoral and cellular responses. Macrophages of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis evolve M1 polarization that blocks infection or immunosuppressive M2, promoting tissue repair mediated by IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13. Previous research showed a decrease of IL-4R and IL-10 expression in lung macrophages of anti-TB drug resistance. A molecular test can detect rifampicin- resistance. There has been no study, which showed the difference in serum IL-4 levels in rifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients. This study aimed to determine the difference between circulating IL-4 levels in rifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients. This cross-sectional observational study consecutively recruited subjects based on positive molecular and acid-fast bacilli microscopic examination from MDR-TB Clinic of the Dr. Soetomo Hospital between December 2018 to March 2019. Subjects were classified into a rifampicin-sensitive and rifampicin-resistant group. On ELISA measurement, IL-4 data were analyzed with SPSS version 17. Mann-Whitney U test and ROC analysis tests were performed, and p < 0.05 was significant for α=0.05 (95% CI). There was significant difference between rifampicin-sensitive group (420±281 pg/mL) and rifampicin-resistant group (253±279 pg/mL) (p=0.014). Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed AUC 0.70, the sensitivity of 81.5%, the specificity of 63.6%, and the cut-off value of 235.6 pg/mL. There was a significantly higher level of circulating IL-4 in the rifampicin-sensitive group than the rifampicin-resistant group. IL-4 level in healthy subjects should be measured as the normal value in the population. Immunology and metabolic parameters should be performed to increase sample homogeneity. Further study was also needed to understand the IL-4 role in rifampicin resistance of lung tuberculosis patients in the Indonesia population.
Co-Authors Ashon Sa'adi Ashon Sa’adi Hantoro Gunawan Irvan Ipandi Joko Susanto Soedarsono Soedarsono