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Zakwan
Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia
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Synthesis and Characterization Nanomagnetite by Co-precipitation Rahimah Rahimah; Ahmad Fadli; Yelmida Yelmida; Nurfajriani Nurfajriani; Zakwan Zakwan
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science and Technology (IJCST) Vol 2, No 2 (2019): July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/ijcst.v2i2.13995

Abstract

Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles becomes a new innovation that gets attention of biomedicine scientists. Magnetite can be applied to cancer treatment as a drug carrier because it’s good biocompatibility and very low toxicity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of temperature and retention time on the magnetite particle characteristics prepared by co-precipitation method. The first, FeCl3 and FeCl2 with 2:1 mole ratio were reacted with 10% NH4OH at 40 - 80°C temperatures during 1 – 30 minutes in a beaker glass. Subsequently, the precipitate was separated using filter paper and it dried into air oven at 100°C. The characteristic of obtained magnetite powder were determined using XRD and SEM. From XRD pattern indicates that magnetite formed at all temperatures with crystallite diameter in the range of 7-13 nm. The SEM results indicate the agglomeration of the magnetite particles with size in the range of 1.37 to 1.72 μm. In the other hand, the higher of temperature and retention time will make the agglomeration of the particles become more uniform. The increasing of temperature and the retention time will increase the magnetite crystallinity level.
ANALISIS PENGARUH PERKEMBANGAN LAHAN DAN PRODUKSI MINYAK KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN NASIONAL TAHUN 2000-2015 Zakwan Zakwan
Bernas : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Vol 15, No 2 (2019): Bernas July 2019
Publisher : Universitas Asahan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (202.066 KB)

Abstract

Kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu tanaman primadona di Indonesia, karena memiliki produktivitas dan konsumen yang meluas. Konsumsi minyak sawit (CPO dan PKO) dunia pada sepuluh tahun terakhir (2005-2015) yaitu meningkat 82%, lebih tinggi jika dibandingkan dengan minyak kedele (soybean oils) meningkat 46% (Oil World, 2015). Hal tersebut mendorong perluasan lahan kelapa sawit yang tumbuh selama satu dasawarsa (2005-2015) rata-rata 7,4% per tahun (Dirjen Perkebunan, 2016) dan juga banyaknya jumlah pabrik kelapa sawit tahun 2016 mencapai 1.109 pabrik (Businfocus, 2016). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh dari perluasan lahan dan peningkatan produksi minyak kelapa sawit terhadap ketahanan pangan nasional tahun 2000-2015. Analisis data sekunder dilakukan dengan metode regresi linier menggunakan SPSS 16. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pada tahun 2000-2015 luas lahan kelapa sawit; produksi minyak sawit; dan produksi komoditas pangan/padi (juta ton) berturut-turut yaitu 4,2-11,3 juta hektar; 7-31,3 juta ton dan 51,9-75,4 juta ton, dengan persentase rasio pertumbuhan masing-masing 36,8%; 22,4% dan 68,8%. Hasil juga menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan luas lahan dan produksi minyak kelapa sawit Indonesia berpengaruh signifikan (α<0,05) terhadap peningkatan produksi komoditas pangan/padi di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada tahun 2000-2015 perkembangan lahan dan produksi minyak kelapa sawit berkontribusi positif pada ketahanan pangan nasional.
KRITERIA RUMAH MAKAN SUPPLIER MINYAK JELANTAH DALAM RANGKA PERENCANAAN BAHAN BAKU BIODIESEL D.U.M. Susilo; Th. Candra Wasis A.S.; Zakwan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 1 No. 1 (2019): Juni 2019
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v1i1.119

Abstract

The using of biodiesel as an environmentally friendly fuel has received attention from consumersto producers. So, a lot of research was done on the potential raw material to become biodiesel. One ofthe raw materials for biodiesel was waste cooking oil. Pontianak City have many sources including wastecooking oil from restaurants. Therefore restaurants in the city of Pontianak might be usedas suppliers of waste cooking oil in biodiesel production. This study aims to determine the priority ofcriteria and sub-criteria for restaurants as suppliers and determine good restaurants as suppliers ofused cooking in Pontianak City . Purposive technique sampling using a sample of 61 house dining,interviewed to obtain alternative data suppliers. Expert survey questionnaire contains priority weightingof criteria and supplier criteria, analyzed using AHP ( Analytic Hierarchy Process ). Grouping ofrestaurants based on alternative supplier values is used to determine good restaurants to besuppliers. The priority criteria for restaurants as consecutive suppliers are experience (0.289), quality(0.279), capacity (0.231), service (0.148) and price (0.053). Sub-criteria priority of restaurants assuppliers in a row is the time span of used cooking oil sold(0.161), length of time used cookingoil (0.155), income (0.129), type of cooking oil (0.107), type of fried food products (0.092), volume ofcooking oil (0.090), frying volume (0.085), transaction convenience (0.082), subject to used cooking oil(0.056), used cooking oil price (0.030) and ease of payment (0.013). A value of ≥ 0.325 is a dining valuethat shows a very better priority as a supplier. The number of restaurants as suppliers is 8 % of thepopulation of restaurants in the city of Pontianak.
PERBEDAAN KADAR GLISEROL, ESTER, MONO- DAN DIGLISERIDA PADA VARIASI PERLAKUAN REFINED BLEACHED DEODORIZED PALM OIL Mauli Anshori; Zakwan; Rahimah
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Desember 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i2.128

Abstract

The Refined Bleached Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) is a derived product of crude palm oil that has twofraction (olein and stearin) in ambient temperature. This research aim to analyze the variation of treatmenton the RBDPO. The design of research was non-factorial completely randomized with three variable oftreatment such the RBDPO with glycerol (A), the RBDPO (B) and the RBDPO with lipase enzyme. Theconcentration of glycerol, ester, mono- and diglyceride was tested by Gas Chromatography method. The datawere analyzed by using descriptive method with boxplot and histogram. The result showed that the highestconcentration of glycerol; ester; mono- and diglyceride respectively were showed in treatment B (1,5922%);C (9,5699%); C (0,1783%); C (3,3329). The boxplot graphic described the differences among the treatmentthat the RBDPO with lipase enzyme had the most extensive concentration of glycerol, ester, mono- anddiglyceride.
ANALISA KEHILANGAN ENERGI PADA BOILER PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT ENERGY LOSS ANALYSIS ON THE PALM OIL MILL BOILER Zulham Effendi; Zakwan; Amar Fauzi Nainggolan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): Juni 2020
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47199/jaf.v2i1.132

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to calculate boiler performance by knowing energy losses during uap production.Technical analysis on the boiler is needed, as an effort to increase efficiency and know how much energy iswasted as a loss. Factors causing the greatest heat loss / heat loss in the boiler include: "heat loss due to dryflue gas, uap content in the flue gas, water content in fuel, water content in air supply and others". Heat loss /heat loss or also can be called energy loss is one of the important factors that is very influential in identifyingthe efficiency of the boiler.For that analysis study is carried out with the calculation of heat loss in order todetermine the magnitude of performance decline and the causes of decreased performance. Based on data andanalysis of the direct method it is known that the highest energy loss is 26.6% with an efficiency of 74.5%.There needs to be an improvement in the control of the fuel settings and the incoming air optimally by usingthe Oxygen Trim Control which functions to measure the oxygen concentration in the chimney andautomatically regulates the oxygen in the air entering the burner so as to produce combustion with optimalefficiency. And by using an economizer on preheating feed water temperature can increase boiler efficiency
KARAKTERISTIK UJI IMPAK (IMPACT TEST) CHARPY PAPAN KOMPOSIT BERBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DIPERKUAT SERAT KACA Josafat Sarumpaet; Mahyunis Mahyunis; Zakwan Zakwan
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Oil palm empty bunches (TKKS) are solid waste from palm oil processing which is quite large and until now its utilization is still not optimal. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the processing technology of oil palm empty bunches in order to produce products that have more usefulness and high economic value as well. One of the processed products from the solid waste of oil palm empty bunches is composite. By utilizing solid waste of oil palm empty bunches (EFB) to be used as a base material for making (filler) and BTQN 157 EX resin as a matrix, catalysts as hardeners and glass fibers (fiberglass) as reinforcement are expected to produce composite boards that have proven quality by testing. impact standard ASTM E23. This research was conducted at the STIPAP TPHP Laboratory and the Laboratory of Basic Phenomena of Mechanical Engineering, the Medan Institute of Technology (ITM). The research period was 2 months, namely July - August 2019. This research used handmade methods and charphy impact testing with a composition of 29% OPEFB fiber, 157 ex 70% BTQN resin, 1% catalyst and glass fiber. The results showed that the average absorption energy of the 8 samples was 0.833 Joules and the average impact price was 0.0108 joules / mm2.
ANALISA ORGANOLEPTIK POMADE BERBASIS PALM FATTY ACID DISTILLATE DAN GLISERIN Leonardi Siregar; Zakwan Zakwan; Pada Mulia Raja
Jurnal Agro Fabrica Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021): Juni 2021
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Sawit Indonesia (ITSI)

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Abstract

Palm Fatty Acid Distillate (PFAD) is a by-product of the palm oil refining process which contains 80% of free fatty acids (ALB). Overall the palm oil manufacturing process will produce 73% olein, 21% stearin, 5-6% PFAD and 0.5% trench CPO. CPO can be used to produce solid palm oil (RBD stearin) and liquid palm oil. PFAD is a by-product of the Fractionation process at the Downstream Industry plant, which can add value to the industry if it is developed, for example, as a raw material for pomade. This study aimed to determine the quality of pomade hair oil based on PFAD and Glycerine using the organoleptic method. The stages of this research are; (1). Sampling (2). Deodorization (3). Pomade Making (4). Organoleptic analysis (5). Test data using LSR (BNT). The color BNT test analysis results with the notation of 0.01 and 0.04 seem to give a significant difference in the aroma analysis test P1M1 P2M2 with P3M3 P4M4 P5M5 it looks very significant and the results of the texture analysis test also show a very significant difference.
Co-Authors Ahmad Fadli Amar Fauzi Nainggolan D.U.M. Susilo Josafat Sarumpaet Josafat Sarumpaet Leonardi Siregar Leonardi Siregar Mahyunis Mahyunis Mahyunis Mauli Anshori Mulia, Pada Raja Nurfajriani Nurfajriani Pada Mulia Raja Rahimah Rahimah Rahimah Th. Candra Wasis A.S. Yelmida Azis Zulham Effendi