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Persepsi citra tubuh dan kendala untuk menurunkan berat badan pada remaja SLTP di Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Noviani Tarigan; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Juli
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17347

Background: The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is increasing, both in the developed and developing countries. Obesity has been reported to be related to the impairment of body image, but this association has not been studied among Indonesian adolescents.Objective: To assess the perception of body image and the obstacles for reducing body weight in obese junior high school adolescents in the District of Yogyakarta and Bantul.Methods: This is a cross sectional study, using both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Body images were assessed using Body Image Assessment for Obesity (BIA-O) with 8 figures. In depth interview were used to assess the perceptions of body images and the obstacles in reducing body weight faced by the obese adolescents.Results: Obese adolescents had significantly larger dissatisfaction to their body images compared to their non-obese peers, i.e. mean (95%CI) scores of dissatisfaction of 1.89 (1.69 – 2.08) in obese adolescents compared to –0.27 (-0.49 to 0.05) in non-obese adolescents. Most of the obese adolescents had tried to reduce their weight, mostly in order to have a better looks, but failures and hardships in the efforts had made most of them stopped trying.Conclusion: Obese adolescent were not satisfied with their image. Most of them had tried to reduce body weight but failures had made them stop trying.

Pengukuran status gizi pasien anak menggunakan metode subjective global nutrition assessment (SGNA) sebagai prediktor lama rawat inap, status pulang dan kejadian malnutrisi di rumah sakit Sri Wahyuni; Madarina Julia; R Dwi Budiningsari
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 1 (2005): Juli
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17349

Background: Malnutrition in hospitalized patients is associated with longer stay, higher risk of complication and mortality.Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment (SGNA) is a recently discovered method to assess nutritional status.Objective: To assess the association between nutritional statuses of under-fi ve year old patients measured with SGNA and length of inpatient stay, discharge status and occurrence of malnutrition.Methods: Under-fi ve year old patients hospitalized in Pediatric Ward of Pekanbaru Hospital had their nutritional status measured with SGNA on admission. Three groups were identifi ed: exposed to bad nutritional status, i.e. SGNA C (worst) and B (moderate), and not exposed to bad nutritional status (SGNA A). Length of hospital stay, discharge status and occurrence of malnutrition in exposed groups (SGNA B and C) were independently compared to non-exposed group (SGNA A) as the reference. Other variables measured were types of diseaseand intake of energy and protein.Results: Children with SGNA C and B had higher risk to stay longer in hospital, i.e. RR (95%CI) of 3.2 (1.7-6.0) and 2.5 (1.3 – 4.9), respectively. They had also higher risk for discharged without complete recovery, i.e. RR (95%CI) of 3.3 (1.8-6.2) and 2.2 (1.1 – 4.3), respectively. Children with SGNA C had higher risk for hospital malnutrition, i.e. RR (95%CI) of 2.8 (1.5-5.2), but not children with SGNA B. Types of disease, energy and protein intake were not important effect modifi ers for this association.Conclusion: Nutritional status on admission was signifi cantly associated with length of hospital stay, discharge status and occurrence of hospital malnutrition.

Pengaruh dukungan pelayanan kesehatan terhadap pemberian asi eksklusif pada bayi sampai usia 4 bulan di Kota Pekanbaru Zulfayeni Zulfayeni; Madarina Julia; Siti Helmyati
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2005): November
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17401

Background: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding until the age of 4 months is low. One of the many factors associated with it is healthcare supports on breastfeeding.Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of healthcare supports for breastfeeding on the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding until the age 4 months.Methods: This was a cohort study including 99 infants born at 10 birth clinics in Pekanbaru City during August-December 2003. Exposure was whether mother received supports for breastfeeding. Infants were followed monthly for 4 months to assess the duration they received exclusive breastfeeding.Results: Healthcare supports for breastfeeding were significantly associated with the duration of exclusive breastfeeding, i.e. RR (95%CI): 1.66 (1.08-2.54). Variables associated with longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding were availability of rooming in and early lactation. Early formula feeding did not support exclusive breastfeeding. Other variables associated with exclusive breastfeeding were husbands’ and other family members’ supports, maternal opinion on exclusive breastfeeding and maternal occupation.Conclusion: Healthcare supports on breastfeeding were important for promoting exclusive breastfeeding.

Hubungan antara pola konsumsi gluten dan kasein dengan skor CARS (childhood autism rating scale) pada anak ASD (autistic spectrum disorder) Rahmawati Rahmawati; Sunartini Sunartini; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 3, No 1 (2006): Juli
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17425

Background: The worldwide prevalence of ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder) during the last few years is increasing. The association between diet free of gluten and casein and improvement of autistic behaviors is still under questions.Objective: To study the association between the consump6tion of gluten and casein and the score of Childhood Autistic Rating Scale (CARS) in children with ASD (Autistic Spectrum Disorder). The study also aimed at understanding mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Methods: This was a cross sectional study on 10 mothers of children suffering from ASD in a clinic in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A dietician measured the consumptions of gluten and casein with scored food frequency questionnaire while experts in the clinic measured CARS. In-depth interviews were performed to capture the mothers’ attitude toward the diet.Result: There was a decrease in the mean score of consumption of gluten and casein before and after diagnoses of ASD, mean difference of 156.6 (125.2; 187.9), p<0.001). There was no significant correlation between the consumption score of gluten and casein and the decrease in the score of CARS (r= 0.274, p= 0.82). Mothers thought diet free of gluten and casein was associated with improvement of behaviors.Conclusion: Consumption of gluten and casein decreased after diagnosis of ASD. Mothers think diet free of gluten and casein improved their children’s behaviors.

Pengaruh suplementasi zink (Zn) terhadap diare pada penderita umur 6-36 bulan yang dirawat di RSUD Dr. Soedarso Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat Jurianto Gambir; Madarina Julia; Muhammad Jufrrie
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 1, No 3 (2005): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17427

Background: Diarrhoea is one of the major causes of infants and childhood death in Indonesia. Malnutrition and zinc deficiency in diarrhoea may lead to impaired immunity.Objective: To assess the influence of zinc supplementation on the duration of diarrhoea and the frequency of watery stools in under-three-year-old childrenMethod: This was a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, with 31 children in the supplemented group and 33 children in the placebo group. All children had acute watery diarrhea and were given supplementation within 24 hours of admission. Daily supplementation of 20 mg zinc was given to the experimental group.Results: The supplemented group had a shorter hospitalization compared to the placebo. Beginning from the second day of supplementation, the frequency of watery stools in the supplemented group was significantly less than in the placebo group (p<0.001). While there was a significant decrease in the concentration of zinc in the serum of the placebo group, there was a slight increase in the supplemented group.Conclusion: Zinc supplementation can shorten hospitalization and reduce the frequency of watery stools in children with diarrhoea.

Hubungan citra tubuh dengan status obesitas, aktivitas fisik dan asupan energi remaja SLTP di Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul Noviani Tarigan; Hamam Hadi; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 1, No 3 (2005): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17428

Background: The prevalence of obesity in adolescence, both in industrial and in developing countries, is increasing. This might be due to the fact that globalization has affected the lifestyle and the eating pattern of the adolescents. Apart from related to higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, obesity in adolescents might be also related to dissatisfaction of body image.Objective: To asses the association between obesity and body image, and between body image and energy intake and physical activities of junior high school adolescents in the District of Yogyakarta and Bantul.Method: This is a cross-sectional study. Subjects were 96 pairs of 12-15 years old obese and non-obese adolescents, identified in the obesity screening programs in junior high schools in Yogyakarta and Bantul. Subjects were asked to complete 34 questions on body shape image. Energy intake and physical activity data were obtained by food- and physical-activity-frequency questionnaires.Results: Obese adolescents had higher odds to be dissatisfied to their body images compared to their non-obese peers, i.e. Mantel-Haenszel Odds Ratio (95% CI) of 14.6(6.2-34.4). Obese female adolescents had higher odds to be dissatisfied than their male counterparts, OR (95% CI) of 19.5(2.4-15.9) in female and OR (95%CI) of 13.4(5.3 – 33.8) in male adolescents. There were no significant associations between dissatisfaction status with energy intake and time spent on light physical activities. Dissatisfied adolescents tended to spend less time on hard physical activities compared to their satisfied peers.Conclusion: Obese adolescents were more likely to be dissatisfied with their body images compared to their non-obese peers, but the dissatisfaction did not lead to less energy intake and more time spent on harder physical activities.

Pengaruh status gizi ibu menyusui terhadap eksklusivitas pemberian ASI dan pertumbuhan bayi di RSUD Prof. Dr. WZ. Johannes Kupang Beatrix Soi; Madarina Julia; R Dwi Budiningsari
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 3 (2006): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17431

Background : Numerous research have been made to find out contributive factors of the exclusive breastfeeding.Objective: The objective of this study was to find out whether mothers’ nutritional status had any influence on the exclusivity of breastfeeding and on the growth of their babies up to 4 months.Methods: This observational study was carried out with a prospective cohort design and lasted from November 2004 to May 2005. The subjects were 80 pairs of mother and baby treated at the Obstetric and Gynecology Unit (UPF) of Local Public Hospital (RSUD) Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes at Kupang – NTT. The subjects were divided into two groups namely Undernutrition status group marked by <23,5 cm mid arm-circumference, and control group comprised 46 mothers of well- nutrition status who had bigger mid arm-circumference >23,5 cm. Observed babies were those of normal or spontaneous delivery, non twin with >2500 g birth weight. Follow up observations were made at family home and the data on breastfeeding characteristics were collected by interview, babies weight were measured by Secca baby scale with 0,01 kg level of accuracy mid arm-circumference was measured by means of LILA tape, and body length was measured using length-board. Tools measure with 0,1 cm level of accuracy. Some statistical tests were used namely Chi-Square; student’s t-test; and while Kaplan Meier log-rank test as needed.Results: More than 50% of under-nutrition mothers were under 25 years old. Chi-Square test shows that significant difference between mother’s age was (p=0,04). More than 50% of the KEK group gave birth for the first time or ‘primipara’ (p=0,25). Kaplan Meier analysis showed that there was no difference between survival median of breastfeeding be- tween the both group (p=0,53). t-test showed that there were significant differences of the babies body weight of the both KEK and non KEK mothers, namely pd”0,01, p=0.01, and p=0.03 in the first, second, third, and the fourth month respectively. In terms of the average babies body length, the t-test also showed significant differences between both groups with p=0.02 and p=0.01 in the third and the fourth month respectively.Conclusion: I can be concluded that mother’ nutrition status did not have any influence on the exclusivity of breastfeeding, however, it did significantly influence babies growth from 0- 4 month.

Pengaruh suplementasi besi-folat, vitamin A dan seng terhadap durasi dan frekuensi sakit ISPA pada anak sekolah dasar dengan status gizi kurang di Kabupaten Bantul Sri Mulyati; Madarina Julia; Abidillah Mursyid
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2007): Juli
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17458

Background: Children in school-age are categorized as sensitive group who are in the second fast growth so that adequate nutrition intake is needed. Under-nourished students tend to have low immune and susceptible to illness. Nutrition with infections disease has reciprocal relation, well-nourished will increase body immunity to infections disease and on the other hand, infection disease may worsen nutritional status condition. The relation between lack of micro-nutrient and the decreasing of body immune to ARI need to be solved; one way to solve such problem is by giving supplementation.Objective: The study was meant to know the influence of iron-folate, vitamin A and zinc supplementation to the duration and frequency of ARI among under-nourished elementary students grade IV – VI in Bantul regency.Method: This was experimental with factorial design. Subjects were divided into four treatment groups: iron-folate supple-mentation group were 38 students, iron-folate and vitamin A supplementation group were 39 students, iron-folate and zinc supplementation group were 40 students, and iron-folate, vitamin A and zinc supplementation group were 37 students. Data collected with recall twice a week during 3 months supplementation.Result: Supplementation did not influence frequency of ARI among 113 elementary students with ARI (p=0.72) among four supplementation groups, while the duration of ARI were: iron-folate, vitamin A, zinc 6.5 days, iron-folate, vitamin A 7.7 days, iron-folate, zinc 8.6 days and iron-folate only 11.2 days. In the average, the duration of ARI from every ARI symptom was the duration of cough, the longest cold was in iron-folate group, while cough symptom, the shortest cold was in iron-folate, zinc and vitamin A group.Conclusion: There were influence differences between iron-folate supplementation with Vitamin A and/or zinc and iron-folate supplementation to ISPA duration, but it did not give smaller influence statistically among frequency of ARI. Students with iron-folate, zinc and vitamin A supplementation had the shortest duration of ARI while students with iron-folate supplementation had the longest duration of ARI.

Faktor risiko kejadian gizi buruk di Kabupaten Lombok Timur, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat Khaerul Anwar; Muhammad Jufrrie; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 2, No 3 (2006): Maret
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Background: Despite numerous interventions, the preva- lence of severe malnutrition in under fives in the District of Lombok Timur during the last 5 years did not changed much and tended to increase.Objective: To assess risk factors for severe malnutrition, considered from points of view of family characteristics, children rearing practice and performance of posyandu, in 12 to 23 month-infants in the district.Methods: This was a case-control study. Cases were 65 severely malnourished children, while controls were a same number of children matched for age.Results: In bivariate analyses, variables identified as risk factors of severe malnutrition are low family income, OR(95%CI) of 5.0 (1.9-13.5), p=0.001; low maternal education, OR(95%CI) of 2.3 (1.1-4.9), p=0.02; low maternal knowledge on growth monitoring, OR(95%CI) of 15.6 (4.4-55.1), p<0.001; not cared by mother, OR(95%CI) of 7.8 (1.7-36.5), p=0.003; low birth weight, OR(95%CI) of 5.7 (1.2-27.3), p=0.02; short duration of exclusive breastfeeding, OR(95%CI) of 2.6 (1.3-5.2), p=0.008; incomplete immunization, OR(95%CI) of 10.3 (2.3-46.9), p<0.001; and the children’s feeding practice, OR(95%CI) of 3.3 (1.5-7.4), p=0.004. In multiple logistic regression, only maternal knowledge on growth monitoring was significantly associated with the risk of severe malnutrition.Conclusion: Family characteristic and children rearing practice were important risk factors of severe malnutrition in Lombok Timur District. Performance of posyandu is not associated with occurrence of severe malnutrition.

Pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap kenaikan berat badan bayi umur 4 bulan Mohammad Shoim; Endy Paryanto Prawirohartono; Madarina Julia
Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2006): November
Publisher : Minat S2 Gizi dan Kesehatan, Prodi S2 IKM, FK-KMK UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijcn.17489

Background: Optimum growth and development reflect the interaction among genetics, environments, attitude factors, and positive stimulations. The positive effect of massage on infant growth has long been recognized, but research on this phenomenon has not much been performed. The growth faltering in children begins at 1-6 months of age in Indonesia.Objective: To identify the effect of massage toward weight gain in infants of 4 months old.Method: The study was quasi-experimental with 2 groups of posttest design. The subjects were infants of 4 months old that were born in two hospitals. Those who were born in one hospital were selected as the control group and the rest were selected as the treatment group. The massage was performed twice a week for four weeks. The data of weight, food intake, illness were collected once a week, whereas the data of mothers’ knowledge and attitude toward breast milk were gathered once during the research period.Results: There was a significant effect of massage on weight gain. The median weight gain of the control group and treatment group were 0.40 kg (Q1=0.35; Q3=0.40) and 0.60 kg (Q1=0.50; Q3=0.70) respectively. The massage also affected the waz (weight for age Z-scores) where the median difference of waz at the beginning and the end of the study of the control group was –0.27 (Q1=-0.34; Q3=-0.23), whereas in the treatment group was -0.03 (Q1=-0.13; Q3=0.09). It meant that control group faced the growth faltering of –0.27 SD waz in a month and treatment group did it for –0.03 SD waz in a month.Conclusion: Infants who got massage treatment had higher weight gain than those who did not.

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