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PENGARUH DOSIS INOKULUM AZOLLA DAN PUPUK FOSFAT ALAM TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN P DAN HASIL PADI DI ALFISOL Nusantara, Canggih Jati; Sumarno, Sumarno; Dewi, Widyatmani Sih; Sudadi, Sudadi
Caraka Tani - Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Pertanian Vol 29, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Caraka Tani - Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Pertanian

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Produksi padi di Indonesia masih belum mampu menutupi kebutuhan nasional. Rendahnya produktivitas ini salah satunya disebabkan oleh penurunan tingkat kesuburan tanah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan kandungan fosfat didalam tanah adalah dengan memberikan pupuk fosfat alam dan juga inokulum azolla. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui dosis yang tepat dari inokulum azolla dan fosfat alam untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan fosfat dan meningkatkan hasil tanaman padi pada tanah alfisol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RAL faktorial dengan dua faktor pembanding perlakuan pupuk kandang dan pupuk N,P,K. Analisis data hasil pengamatan menggunakan analisis ragam pada taraf 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh beda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji DMRT taraf 5% untuk membandingkan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan pemberian inokulum azolla dan fosfat alam dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan fosfat pada tanah alfisol dan mampu meningkatkan hasil padi. Pada parameter P tersedia hasil tertinggi menunjukan pada perlakuan azolla 2,5 ton/ha tanpa fosfat alam dan azolla 5 ton/ha fosfat alam 350 kg/ha yaitu 10,81 ppm. Selain itu pemberian inokulum azolla dan fosfat alam memberikan peningkatan terhadap kadar KTK, bahan organik, N total dalam tanah dan pH tanah.

PENGARUH PUPUK ORGANIK BERBASIS AZOLLA, FOSFAT ALAM, DAN ABU SEKAM PADI TERHADAP HASIL KACANG TANAH DI ALFISOLS Sambodo, Anandeya Satrio; Sudadi, Sudadi; Sumarno, Sumarno
Caraka Tani - Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Pertanian Vol 29, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Caraka Tani - Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Pertanian

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This research to determine the effect of azolla-based organic fertilizers, rock phosphate, and rice husk ash, and the best combination treatment to peanut yield on Alfisols. The experiment was conducted in April-November 2013 at the paddy fields of farmers in Sukosari village, Jumantono, Karanganyar District and in Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Fertility and Soil Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture UNS for soil chemical and biological properties respectively. This experimental design used was Randomized Block Completely Design (RCBD) with 5 treatments and each repeated 5 times. Statistical analysis of the data using the F test at 5% level of confidence followed by DMRT if any signicant influence. The variabels observed were soil organic matter content, soil pH, total number of soil bacteria, plant height, number of root nodules, and seed weight. The results showed that there was significant differences among the treatments. The treatment of P1 (5 tons/ha azolla compost, 100 kg/ha phosphate rock and 75 kg/ha rice husk ash) provide the highest of soil organic matter content (4.31%) while P2 (5 tons/ha azolla compost, 50 kg/ha phosphate rock and 37.5 kg/ha rice husk ash) provide the highest dry seed yield (1011.09 kg/ha) which was 11.06 % higher than control treatment (910.38 kg/ha).

Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Pasien Stroke Hemoragik Mangastuti, Rebecca Sidhapramudita; Oetoro, Bambang J.; Sudadi, Sudadi
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24244/jni.v3i2.137

Stroke terjadi akibat terganggunya aliran darah ke otak secara tiba-tiba. Penyebab terbanyak stroke adalah berkurangnya pasokan darah ke otak (stroke iskemik). Penyebab stroke lainnya adalah perdarahan (stroke hemoragik). Perdarahan intraserebral (ICH) terjadi akibatnya pecahnya pembuluh darah otak. Lokasi terjadinya stroke dapat di basal ganglia, cerebelum, batang otak atau kortek serebri. Penyebab perdarahan intraserebral adalah hipertensi, trauma, infeksi, tumor, defisiensi faktor pembekuan darah, terapi antikoagulan, malformasi arterivena (AVM). Laki-laki, 67 tahun dengan GCS 5 (E1M3V1) dengan terapi rutin antikoagulan menderita serangan stroke hemoragik. CT scan memperlihatkan adanya perdarahan intraparenkim lobus parieto-temporo-oksipital kanan 53,3 ml, perifokal edema, herniasi subflacin kiri 13,9 mm dan herniasi central downward. Pasien dilakukan kraniotomi evakuasi hematom dan dekompresi dengan anestesi umum. Pasien dalam kondisi umum stabil saat operasi berlangsung. Postoperasi, pasien dirawat di Intensive Care Unit. Pasien dinyatakan mati batang otak pada hari kedua pasca operasi dan meninggal pada hari keempat. Anesthetic Management in Patients with Hemorrhagic StrokeAbstractStroke is triggered by a sudden interruption of blood supply to the brain. The most frequent etiology of stroke is decrease blood supply to the brain (ischemic stroke). Another stroke is caused by rupture of blood brain vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) occurs when a blood vessel within the brain bursts. Stroke locates mainly in basal ganglia, cerebellum, brain stem or cerebral cortex. The common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage are hypertension, trauma, infection, tumors, blood coagulation factor deficiencies, anticoagulant therapy, or arteriovenous malformations. We reported a 67-years old, man with, GCS 5 (E1M3V1) on routine anticoagulant therapy who experienced hemorrhagic stroke. Brain CT-scan examination showed bleeding in intra parenchimal right parieto-temporo-occipital lobe about 53,3 mL, perifokal edema, subflacin sinistra 13,9 mm and central downward herniation. Patient was performed craniotomy to evacuate the hematome and decompresion with general anesthesia. During surgery patient had a relatively stable condition. After surgery, the patient was treated in intensive care unit but declared brain stem dead on day-2 post surgery an died day-4.

Prediktor Outcome pada Cedera Kepala Traumatik (Glukosa, Laktat, SID, MDA, Cerebral Extraction Ratio for Oxygen/CERO2 ) Suyasa, Agus Baratha; Sudadi, Sudadi; Rahardjo, Sri; Suryono, Bambang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 1, No 4 (2012)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24244/jni.v1i4.97

Latar Belakang: Jaringan tubuh memiliki kebutuhan yang berbeda terhadap glukosa. Otak memiliki kebutuhan yang paling besar terhadap glukosa. Otak sangat rentan terhadap iskemia yang menunjukkan bahwa otak memiliki laju metabolik yang tinggi. Mekanisme injury iskemia adalah perubahan biokimia dan perubahan fisiologis yang terjadi karena ganguan sirkulasi. Perubahan-perubahan tersebut seperti: (1) Hilangnya phospat energi tinggi, (2) Asidosis karena proses anaerob yang menghasilkan laktat dan (3) No Reflow karena oedem otak. Penggunaan kadar laktat sebagai indikator iskemia jaringan, telah banyak dilakukan dalam berbagai penelitian. Hasil-hasil penelitian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kadar laktat dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal untuk memprediksi resiko komplikasi, mortalitas post operatif dan kejadian MOF (Multiple Organ Failure). Belakangan banyak dibicarakan mengenai hubungan perubahan SID dengan outcome klinis yang buruk. Mereka menemukan bahwa SID/SIG merupakan prediktor kuat terhadap outcome pasien. Stres oksidatif merupakan salah satu mekanisme yang terlibat dalam kerusakan saraf akibat iskemia dan reperfusi, diperkirakan karena terbentuknya lipid peroksidase. MDA digunakan sebagai penanda dari peroksidasi lipid, terutama untuk proses-proses yang berhubungan dengan stress oksidatif. Rasio ekstraksi oksigen serebral (CERO2) dapat dipergunakan sebagai indikator adanya iskemia otak. Subyek dan Metode: Sebelas pasien cedera kepala traumatik dengan GCS awal 5-12 yang menjalani operasi kraniotomi evakuasi, dilakukan pengamatan terhadap kadar glukosa, laktat, SID, MDA, nilai CERO2 serta outcome (nilai APS Score) dari pre operasi sampai 3 hari pasca operasi di ICU. Sample darah diambil dari vena jugularis interna dan arteri radialis. Hasil pengamatan dianalisa untuk melihat hubungan antara variabel pengamatan dengan outcome. Hasil: Ditemukan hubungan yang kuat antara variable kadar laktat, MDA, CERO2 terhadap outcome pasien secara umum. Namun terdapat variasi jika analisa dilakukan menurut kondisi waktu pengamatan. Hari ke-2 adalah waktu yang paling ideal untuk melihat pengaruh kadar laktat terhadap outcome sedangkan untuk melihat hubungan MDA dan CERO2 terhadap outcome, waktu pengamatan paling ideal hari ke-3. Simpulan: Variabel kadar laktat, MDA dan OER menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan sebagai prediktor outcome pada pasien dengan cedera kepala traumatik pasca kraniotomi walaupun belum dapat di simpulkan dan dijadikan acuan secara luas. Perlu suatu penelitian multicentre dengan jumlah sample yang lebih banyak serta desain penelitian yang baik untuk mendapatkan hasil yang benar-benar dapat di jadikan acuan secara luas mengenai variabel prediktor serta waktu pengamatan sehingga dapat memberikan informasi yang baik tentang prognosis outcome pasien cedera kepala traumatik, yang tetap berdasar pada patofisiologi cedera kepala serta kaskade kematian sel karena cedera otak sekunder.Predictor of Outcome in Traumatic Brain Injury (Glucosa, Lactate, SID, MDA, Cerebral Extraction Ratio for Oxygen/CERO2) Abstract Background: The tissue has a different requirement for glucose. The brain has the greatest need for glucose. The brain is very susceptible to ischemia suggests that the brain has a high metabolic rate. Mechanism of ischemic injury is the biochemical changes and physiological changes that occur due to circulatory disturbances. Such changes as: (1) The loss of high energy phosphate, (2) acidosis due to anaerobic process that produces lactic and (3) No Reflow because of brain edema. The use of lactate levels as an indicator of tissue ischemia, has been widely applied in various studies. The results of these studies indicate that the levels of lactate can be used as an early marker for predicting the risk of complications, postoperative mortality and the incidence of MOF (Multiple Organ Failure). Lately a lot of talk about the relationship SID changes with poor clinical outcome. They found that the SID / SIG is a strong predictor of patient outcome. Oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms involved in neuronal damage due to ischemia and reperfusion, presumably due to the formation of lipid peroxidation. MDA is used as a marker of lipid peroxidation, especially for processes associated with oxidative stress. CERO2 can be used as an indicator of cerebral ischemia.Subjects and Method: Eleven patients with a traumatic head injury initial GCS 5-12 who underwent craniotomy with evacuation operations, was observed on levels of glucose, lactate, SID, MDA, the CERO2 and the outcome (the APS Score) from pre surgery to 3 days after surgery in the ICU. Blood samples taken from the jugular internal vein and radial artery. Observations were analyzed to see the relationship between the variables with the outcome observations.Results: Found a strong relationship between the variable: levels of lactate, MDA and CERO2 on patient outcomes in general. But there are variations between them according to the conditions when the analysis carried out observations. Day 2 is the most ideal time to see the effect on outcome of lactate levels whereas to see the relationship between the MDA and CERO2 to outcome, the observation idealy taken on day 3.Conclusion: The variables, levels of lactate, MDA and CERO2 showed promising results as a predictor of outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury after craniotomy, although not yet to be concluded and is widely used as a reference. Need a multicentre study with more number of samples and good research design to get the results that can really make a reference in a broad range of predictor variables and the observations so as to provide good information about the prognosis of outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury, who remain based on the pathophysiology of brain injury and cell death cascade of secondary brain injury.

Peran Protease Calpains pada Neurotrauma Prihatno, MM Rudi; Sudadi, Sudadi
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

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Cedera otak traumatik merupakan kejadian yang dapat berakibat fatal bila tidak mendapatkan penatalaksanaan yang adekuat. Penatalaksanaan tersebut dapat berupa terapi medikamentosa ataupun intervensional non-farmakologik seperti pemberian oksigen dengan ventilasi mekanik, tindakan pembedahan, dan lain sebagainya. Hal terpenting yang paling baik dilakukan adalah penatalaksanaan awal pasca kejadian, dimana proses-proses metabolik di otak sangat mempengaruhi hasil akhir dari kondisi seluler otak. Salah satu yang menjadi pertimbangan adalah penatalaksanaan pencegahan pemburukan dampak cedera otak traumatik dengan intervensi yang memanfaatkan jalur-jalur iskemik yang sudah diketahui, salah satunya adalah protease calpain The Role of Calpains Protease in Neurotrauma Traumatic brain injury is an event that can be fatal if not get an adequate management. Treatment may be either medical therapy or interventional non-pharmacological, such as providing oxygen with mechanical ventilation, surgery, and so forth. The most important thing is best done early post-incident management, in which metabolic processes in the brain greatly affect the outcome of the condition of the brain cell. One of the consideration is the impact of deterioration prevention treatment of traumatic brain injury with interventions that harness ischemic pathways already known, one of which is the protease calpain.

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation pada Cedera Otak Traumatik Suyasa, Agus Baratha; Sudadi, Sudadi; Suryono, Bambang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 3, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

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Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) merupakan konsekuensi yang sering dan penting pada cedera otak traumatik (Traumatic Brain Injury/TBI) dan menyebabkan cedera otak sekunder. Walaupun perkembangan proses ini belum dapat dijelaskan secara keseluruhan, namun abnormalitas koagulasi darah adalah bukti yang ditemukan pascatrauma. DIC adalah proses patofisiologi dan bukan merupakan suatu penyakit tersendiri. Gangguan yang terjadi meliputi ketidaktepatan, berlebihan dan aktivasi proses hemostasis yang tidak terkontrol. Karakteristik DIC adalah konsumsi faktor pembekuan darah dan trombosit dalam sirkulasi yang menimbulkan berbagai derajat obstruksi pembuluh darah mikro sehubungan dengan deposisi fibrin. Masalah dan gambaran utama akut DIC adalah perdarahan. Gangguan mekanisme hemostatik sangat penting dalam TBI. Perdarahan mikro sering terjadi di parenkim otak dan status koagulasi normal adalah penting untuk mencegah perkembangannya menjadi hematom yang lebih besar. Abnormalitas koagulasi tidak hanya hasil dari cedera, tetapi juga menyebabkan cedera sekunder. Gangguan koagulasi dalam TBI sangat kompleks dan dapat disertai dengan koagulopati dan hiperkoagulabilitas. Di temukan bukti bahwa luasnya trauma jaringan otak memiliki peran penting terhadap gangguan koagulasi dibandingkan syok traumatik maupun hipoksia. Adanya koagulopati pada TBI mengindikasikan prognosis yang buruk, sehingga pemeriksaan rutin terhadap status koagulasi harus selalu dilakukan pada semua pasien TBI. Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation on Traumatic Brain InjuryDisseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a frequent and important consequence of traumatic brain injury and may cause secondary brain injury. Although the mechanism of this process cannot be explained as a whole, but abnormalities of blood coagulation after trauma is the evidence. DIC in brain trauma is a pathophysiological process and is not due to a disease in itself. Disturbance includes inaccuracy, excessive and activation of uncontrolled hemostasis process. Characteristic of DIC is the consumption of blood clotting factors and platelets in the circulation that cause various degrees of micro vascular obstruction in conjunction with the deposition of fibrin. The main problem features of acute DIC are bleeding. Impaired hemostatic mechanism plays an important role in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Micro bleeding often occurs in the brain parenchyma and normal coagulation status is important to prevent its development into a larger hematoma. Coagulation abnormality is not the only discouraging factor of injury, but also lead to secondary injury. Coagulation disorders in TBI are very complex and can be accompanied by coagulopathy and hypercoagulability. Found evidence ofextented trauma in the brain tissue plays more important role to coagulation disorder than traumatic shock and hypoxia. The presence of coagulopathy in TBI indicates a poor prognosis, so the routine inspection of the coagulation status should always be performed in all patients with TBI.

Tatalaksana Jalan Napas pada Pasien dengan Fraktur Listesis Servikal Tidak Stabil Rahmatisa, Dimas; Sudadi, Sudadi; Suryono, Bambang
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

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Cedera tulang belakang leher/cervical spine injury (CSI) tetap menjadi penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di negara maju. Sekitar 12.000 kasus baru cedera tulang belakang terjadi di Amerika Serikat setiap tahunnya. Kebanyakan dari cedera tersebut (55%) merupakan cedera servikal, sedangkan 15% merupakan cedera yang berhubungan dengan torakolumbal. Studi epidemiologis baru, menunjukkan bahwa cedera tulang belakang leher terjadi sekitar 1,8% hingga 4% pada kasus cedera trauma tumpul dan menyebabkan sekitar 6.000 kematian dan 5.000 kasus baru quadriplegia per tahun. Kasus laki-laki usia 55 tahun dengan riwayat trauma leher 5 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan adanya tetraparese dan nyeri hebat pada daerah leher, terutama saat ekstensi kepala. Dari pemeriksaan laboratorium tidak didapatkan kelainan, dari pemeriksaan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) leher didapatkan spondilolisthesis C6-7 berat sehingga korpus C6 di anterior C7. Dilakukan anestesia umum, dengan manajemen jalan napas intubasi manual in-line, serta menggunakan video laringoskop. Intubasi dilakukan 2 kali percobaan karena kesulitan visualisasi pita suara. Operasi berlangsung 10 jam, pasien kemudian dirawat di ICU selama 1 hari sebelum pindah ruang rawat biasa.Airway Management in Patient with Unstable Listhesis Cervical FractureCervical spine injury (CSI) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. About 12,000 new cases of spinal cord injury occur in the United States each year. Most of these injuries (55%) are cervical injuries, while 15% are torakoumbal-related injuries. New epidemiological studies show that cervical spine injuries occur in about 1.8% to 4% in blunt trauma cases and cause around 6,000 deaths and 5,000 new cases of quadriplegia per year. The case of a 55-year-old male with a history of neck trauma 5 months before being hospitalized. Physical examination is found for tetraparese and severe pain in the neck area, especially during head extension. From the laboratory examination no abnormalities were found, from the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination of the neck obtained severe C6-7 spondylolisthesis so that corpus C6 was anterior to C7. General anesthesia, with manual in-line intubation airway management with using a video laryngoscope. Intubation was carried out 2 times because of difficulty in visualizing the vocal cords. The operation lasted 10 hours, the patient was then admitted to the ICU for one day, then moved to ward.

Subdural Hematom dengan Atrial Fibrilasi dan Penyakit Jantung Hipertensi Suyasa, Agus Baratha; Sudadi, Sudadi
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 1, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Departement of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung

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Cedera kepala traumatik merupakan salah satu kondisi yang mengancam jiwa secara serius pada korban kecelakaan, dan merupakan penyebab utama kecacatan dan kematian pada dewasa dan anak-anak. Subdural hematom merupakan lesi fokal intrakranial yang paling sering dijumpai, sekitar 24% dari pasien yang mengalami cedera kepala berat tertutup. Atrial Fibrilasi (AF) menyebabkan 6-24% kejadian stroke iskemik serta dapat terjadi kematian secara tiba-tiba karena gagal jantung. Seorang wanita 63 th dengan subdural hematom temporoparietal D, atrial fibrilasi dan penyakit jantung hipertensi, dengan riwayat jatuh dari motor, pingsan, mual dan nyeri kepala hebat. Rencana dilakukan kraniotomi evakuasi clot dan reposisi fiksasi fraktur. Operasi dilakukan dengan anestesi umum, menggunakan ETT No 7,5, ventilasi kendali. NGT no.16 dipasang untuk dekompresi. Premedikasi dengan midazolam 2 mg. Lidocain 1,5 mg /KgBB 3 menit sebelum intubasi. Co induksi menggunakan fentanyl 100 μg, induksi dengan propofol 100 mg. Fasilitas intubasi dengan vekuronium 0,1 mg / KgBB. Pemeliharaan anestesi menggunakan O2 + N2O + Sevofluran. Propofol di berikan kontinyu 100 mg/jam, Vekuronium 6mg /jam, Digoksin drip 0,25mg/24 jam. Operasi dilakukan selama 4 jam. Selama operasi hemodinamik relatif stabil, tekanan darah sistolik 130-150 mmHg, tekanan darah diastolik 70-90mmHg, laju nadi (HR) 90-110 x/mnt ireguler, SaO2 99-100 %, EtCO2 30-33. Ekstubasi tidak dilakukan dikamar operasi karena terdapat VES bigemini dan rapid ventricular respons terhadap AF, pasien kemudian dibawa ke ICU. Penurunan oksigenasi jaringan otak merupakan akibat dari dampak fisiologis pada sistem tubuh. Hipertensi, aritmia, hiperglikemi, hipertermi dan hipernatremi dapat muncul akibat sympathetic storming. Aritmia yang sering muncul adalah bradikardi, denyut ektopik, denyut ireguler, atrial fibrilasi dan supraventrikuler takikardi. Aritmia harus segera ditangani jika mengancam kehidupan, dan menyebabkan instabilitas hemodinamik serta hipoksia serebral, baik karena infark miokard maupun thromboemboli (AF dan SVT). Persiapan yang baik sebelum pembedahan yaitu oksigenasi, stabilisasi respirasi dan kardiovaskuler termasuk terapi aritmia, serta status cairan yang adekuat akan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik.Subdural Hematom in Patient with Atrial Fibrilation and Hypertensive Heart DiseaseTraumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is one of the serious life-threatening condition in trauma victim, and as the major cause of disability and death in adult and children. Subdural hematoma is the most often focal intracranial lesion found, with the incidence of 24% in close head injury cases. Approximatelly 6-24% of Atrial Fibrilation (AF) contributes to ischemic stroke and sudden death because of heart failure. We reported a 63 years old female, diagnosed with subdural hematoma of the right temporoparietal, atrial fibrillation and hypertensive heart disease, who arrivde at the hospital with history of unconsciousness, and severe headache due to motor vehicle accident, and undergone a craniotomy clot evacuation and reposition fixation of the fractured bones. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia, using ETT No 7,5., controlled ventilation. NGT no 16 was inserted for gastric decompression. Two mg of Midazolam and 1,5 mg/KgBW of lidocain given intravenously 3 minutes prior to intubations was used as premedications, 100 μg intravenou Fentanyl,was given as co induction. Induction anesthesia was performed using 100mg propofol and 0,1mg/KgBW vecuronium to facilitate intubations. Maintenance of anesthesia was obtained using O2, N2O, sevoflorane, continuous drip of 100 mg/hour propofol, 6mg/hour vecuronium,and 0,25mg/24hours of digoxin continuous drip was given. The procedure was done in 4 hours. During the operation, haemodynamic remained stable with SBP 130 – 150 mmHg, DBP 70-90 mmHg, HR 90-110 bpm irregular and SaO2 99-100 %. EtCO2 level was 30-33. The patient was not extubated by end of surgery, because ECG monitor showed VES bigemini and rapid ventricular response of AF. The patient was directly transferred to the ICU after the procedure. Decreased in brain tissue oxygenation is the physiological impact of body system. Hypertension, arrhythmia, hyperglycemia, hyperthermia and hypernatremia can occur due to sympathetic storm. The most common arrhythmias that could occur are bradycardia, ectopic beat, irregular beat, atrial fibrillation and supraventricular tachycardia. Arrhythmias due to myocardial infarction or thromboemboli (AF and SVT) must be treated immediately when considered as a life threatening condition which provokes a hemodynamic instability and cerebral hypoxia Optimal pre-operative management including oxygenation, cardiorespiration stabilization, arrhythmia managemen and, adequate fluid status, will improve the outcome.

PEMANFAATAN AZOLLA SEBAGAI SUMBER PAKAN PADA BUDIDAYA SISTEM GANDA AZOLLA-LELE Sudadi, Sudadi; Suryono, Suryono
Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture Vol 31, No 2 (2016): October
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Catfish farming is strongly influenced by the high price of feed, while azolla is a water fern that has a high nutritional value, can develop quickly and preferably by catfish as feed. The research aims to obtain the most appropriate combination treatment of Azolla inoculum dose and catfish seed size in dual system Azolla - catfish, which is able to provide the highest catfish yield. The experiments were performed in catfish ponds in completely randomized design (CRD) two factors, i,e azolla inoculum doses (250, 500 and 750 gm-1) and head circumference size of catfish seed (3, 4 and 5 cm). Dose of catfish seed is 2,000 head / m2. Variables observed were azolla fresh weight and catfish fresh weight at harvest. Azolla inoculum and catfish seed deployed together in catfish ponds and feeding with concentrate feed for one month. Azolla and catfish harvesting is done on the same day using a sieve. Once drained, Azolla and catfish were weighed separately to determine the severity. Data were analyzed by F test at the level of 95%, followed by Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) if any significance influence. The results showed that the higher the azolla inoculum number, the higher azolla yield. The larger the size of catfish seed the higher catfish consumption to Azolla. Catfish seed size more than 4 cm will cause an imbalance between the speed of consumption of Azolla by the catfish and the azolla growth rate, so that Azolla be devoured by catfish.

EXOGENOUS APPLICATION OF TRYPTOPHAN AND INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA) TO INDUCE ROOT NODULE FORMATION AND INCREASE SOYBEAN YIELD IN ACID, NEUTRAL AND ALKALINE SOIL Sudadi, Sudadi; Suryono, Suryono
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 37, No 1 (2015): FEBRUARY
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya in collaboration with PERAGI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17503/agrivita.v37i1.444

The research aimed to study whether soil pH affects exogenous application of amino acid tryptophan and IAA in increasing root nodules and soybean yield. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse using 20 cm diameter plastic pot filled with fine soil, arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments. Each treatment combination was repeated three times. Three seeds of local soybean variety were planted into each pot then to remain one plant a week after planting. Variables observed were root nodules number, shoot dry weight and seed yield. Plant nutrients were supplied in the form of solution to meet crop needs. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by F test at 5% of level confidence, followed by Duncan's multiple range test when there was a significant effect. The results showed that both exogenous amino acid tryptophan and IAA increased number of root nodules, shoot and root dry weight and soybean yield. Higher root nodules number was taken from the treatment combination of 0.001 ppm IAA applied at V3 in Alfisol and Vertisols, and 1.0 ppm on Entisols. However, the highest soybean yields were taken from the treatment combination of 1.0 ppm tryptophan applied at V0 in Alfisols (6.51 g plant-1).

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Abstract

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