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Bedy Sudjarmoko
Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute
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PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KLASTER JAMBU METE DI JAWA TIMUR Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Wahyudi, Agus
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

The Cashew cluster industry development in East Java. Industrial cluster approach as an development strategy has been adoptednationally and continues to be strengthened in recent years. National Development Programme of 2003 mandated the cluster appr oach in thedevelopment of small and medium industries. Presidential Regulation No. 07 of 2005 states that national industrial development focused onstrengthening and growth of the ten priority industrial clusters. The research is aimed to formulated strategy of cashew ind ustry cluster developmentin East Java. The data used are primary and secondary data, analyzed using Porters Diamond. The research was conducted in S umenep, Sampang,and Bangkalan, using the survey in March - April 2011. Data analysis was conducted descriptively using Porters Diamond Model. The resultsshowed that the cashew industry cluster in East Java has not been going well as expected. The linkage between upstream and downstream industriesare still weak, so is the quality of the products produced. Classical problems which have obstructed the development of the cashew industry in thisregion are crop productivity, product quality, regulatory and policy difficult to implement, still can not fully overcome. De terminant factor is the keyto successful development of industrial clusters is the availability of raw cashew nuts, infrastructure, government policy, the interaction betweenplayers in the industry, the availability of supporting institutions, upstream and downstream industries, product demand cond itions and theavailability of foreign investors. Therefore, the handling can not be done spatially, must be supported by all sides and done in an integrated way.Cashew cluster industry development strategy needs to be done by improving government policy (regulation of markets for industrial products cashew,cashew export tax implementation, mandatory SNI nut products, improvement of the domestic market); strengthening the upstream and downstreamindustries (productivity and quality of cashew, increase the ability of the cashew processing industry); and optimization of the interaction between thecore industry by supporting industry and other related institutions (farmers cashew, cashew industry, food industry and beverage, industrialequipment & machinery, exporters, traders, government agencies, research and development institutes, associations industry, transportation andfinancial services/banking).
NILAI TAMBAH EKONOMI PENGOLAHAN JAMBU METE INDONESIA Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Economic value added of cashew processing in Indonesia. Cashew is one of the commodities that have significance for Indonesia’s economy.Besides the country foreign exchange earner and source of income of farmers, cashew nuts contribute for land conservation. In Indonesia, cashew mostlycultivated by smallholders. The main problem is the low productivity of Indonesian cashew crop and quality of products. The development of thecashew processing industry faced with the constraint of continuity of availability of raw materials. This is because cashew harvest season is generallyonly four months (July-October) per year. Indonesia cashew exports still largely in the raw form, especially to India and Vietnam which is a majorproducer of cashew in the world market. The dominant raw form of cashew export is not benefeting farmers, processing industry and the government(central and local). The loss potential lost opportunity to obtain economic value added, the amount of Rp 1.8 to 2.9 trillion per year. Opportunitycomes from the processing of cashew nuts and CNSL. This product price is stabilize, the market outlook is still very open, both domestic andinternational markets. Demand for exports and growing domestic market, it should be an incentive for farmers, processing industry, and government toexploit its full potential. Besides the increase farmers income, this step will open new employment opportunities in rural as well as opportunitiesincrease foreign exchange. This potential will only materialize if the processing performed by the industry to involve farmers as partners.
Analisis Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Usahatani Pala ( Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi ) Hasibuan, Abdul Muis; Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Listyati, Dewi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir pala terbesar dunia. Adanya persaingan yang semakin tinggi di pasar internasional akibat penerapan perdagangan bebas mengharuskan pala sebagai salah satu komoditas ekspor memiliki kemampuan bersaing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif usahatani pala Indonesia khususnya di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi sebagai salah satu sentra pala. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi serta Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi memiliki kelayakan untuk diusahakan serta memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif termasuk jika terjadi peningkatan harga input dan penurunan harga output sebesar 10%. Namun usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor memiliki tingkat kelayakan, keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif yang lebih baik dibanding dengan Sukabumi. Intervensi pemerintah terhadap pasar input dan output belum memberikan keuntungan bagi petani.  Comparative And Competitive Advantage Analysis of Nutmeg Farming System (Case Study: Bogor And Sukabumi District)ABSTRACT Indonesia is the largest producer and exporter of nutmeg in the world. The higher competition in the international market due to the implementation of free trade agreement requires nutmeg as one export commodity has the ability to compete. This study aims to determine the comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming system in Indonesia, especially in Bogor and Sukabumi District as one of the centers of nutmeg. The method of analysis used is the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The analysis shows that farming nutmeg in Bogor and Sukabumi viable to cultivate and has comparative and competitive advantages, including in increasing of input prices and decreasing of output prices by 10 percent. However, nutmeg farming in Bogor has a high feasibility, comparative advantage and competitive advantage better than Sukabumi. Government intervention in input and output markets has not provided benefits to farmers.
PENGEMBANGAN INDUSTRI KLASTER JAMBU METE DI JAWA TIMUR Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Wahyudi, Agus
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The Cashew cluster industry development in East Java. Industrial cluster approach as an development strategy has been adoptednationally and continues to be strengthened in recent years. National Development Programme of 2003 mandated the cluster appr oach in thedevelopment of small and medium industries. Presidential Regulation No. 07 of 2005 states that national industrial development focused onstrengthening and growth of the ten priority industrial clusters. The research is aimed to formulated strategy of cashew ind ustry cluster developmentin East Java. The data used are primary and secondary data, analyzed using Porters Diamond. The research was conducted in S umenep, Sampang,and Bangkalan, using the survey in March - April 2011. Data analysis was conducted descriptively using Porters Diamond Model. The resultsshowed that the cashew industry cluster in East Java has not been going well as expected. The linkage between upstream and downstream industriesare still weak, so is the quality of the products produced. Classical problems which have obstructed the development of the cashew industry in thisregion are crop productivity, product quality, regulatory and policy difficult to implement, still can not fully overcome. De terminant factor is the keyto successful development of industrial clusters is the availability of raw cashew nuts, infrastructure, government policy, the interaction betweenplayers in the industry, the availability of supporting institutions, upstream and downstream industries, product demand cond itions and theavailability of foreign investors. Therefore, the handling can not be done spatially, must be supported by all sides and done in an integrated way.Cashew cluster industry development strategy needs to be done by improving government policy (regulation of markets for industrial products cashew,cashew export tax implementation, mandatory SNI nut products, improvement of the domestic market); strengthening the upstream and downstreamindustries (productivity and quality of cashew, increase the ability of the cashew processing industry); and optimization of the interaction between thecore industry by supporting industry and other related institutions (farmers cashew, cashew industry, food industry and beverage, industrialequipment & machinery, exporters, traders, government agencies, research and development institutes, associations industry, transportation andfinancial services/banking).
NILAI TAMBAH EKONOMI PENGOLAHAN JAMBU METE INDONESIA Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2011): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Economic value added of cashew processing in Indonesia. Cashew is one of the commodities that have significance for Indonesia’s economy.Besides the country foreign exchange earner and source of income of farmers, cashew nuts contribute for land conservation. In Indonesia, cashew mostlycultivated by smallholders. The main problem is the low productivity of Indonesian cashew crop and quality of products. The development of thecashew processing industry faced with the constraint of continuity of availability of raw materials. This is because cashew harvest season is generallyonly four months (July-October) per year. Indonesia cashew exports still largely in the raw form, especially to India and Vietnam which is a majorproducer of cashew in the world market. The dominant raw form of cashew export is not benefeting farmers, processing industry and the government(central and local). The loss potential lost opportunity to obtain economic value added, the amount of Rp 1.8 to 2.9 trillion per year. Opportunitycomes from the processing of cashew nuts and CNSL. This product price is stabilize, the market outlook is still very open, both domestic andinternational markets. Demand for exports and growing domestic market, it should be an incentive for farmers, processing industry, and government toexploit its full potential. Besides the increase farmers income, this step will open new employment opportunities in rural as well as opportunitiesincrease foreign exchange. This potential will only materialize if the processing performed by the industry to involve farmers as partners.
Analisis Keunggulan Komparatif dan Kompetitif Usahatani Pala ( Studi Kasus: Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi ) Hasibuan, Abdul Muis; Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Listyati, Dewi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 3 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia merupakan produsen dan eksportir pala terbesar dunia. Adanya persaingan yang semakin tinggi di pasar internasional akibat penerapan perdagangan bebas mengharuskan pala sebagai salah satu komoditas ekspor memiliki kemampuan bersaing. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif usahatani pala Indonesia khususnya di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi sebagai salah satu sentra pala. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis kelayakan finansial dan ekonomi serta Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor dan Sukabumi memiliki kelayakan untuk diusahakan serta memiliki keunggulan komparatif dan kompetitif termasuk jika terjadi peningkatan harga input dan penurunan harga output sebesar 10%. Namun usahatani pala di Kabupaten Bogor memiliki tingkat kelayakan, keunggulan komparatif dan keunggulan kompetitif yang lebih baik dibanding dengan Sukabumi. Intervensi pemerintah terhadap pasar input dan output belum memberikan keuntungan bagi petani.  Comparative And Competitive Advantage Analysis of Nutmeg Farming System (Case Study: Bogor And Sukabumi District)ABSTRACT Indonesia is the largest producer and exporter of nutmeg in the world. The higher competition in the international market due to the implementation of free trade agreement requires nutmeg as one export commodity has the ability to compete. This study aims to determine the comparative and competitive advantages of nutmeg farming system in Indonesia, especially in Bogor and Sukabumi District as one of the centers of nutmeg. The method of analysis used is the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The analysis shows that farming nutmeg in Bogor and Sukabumi viable to cultivate and has comparative and competitive advantages, including in increasing of input prices and decreasing of output prices by 10 percent. However, nutmeg farming in Bogor has a high feasibility, comparative advantage and competitive advantage better than Sukabumi. Government intervention in input and output markets has not provided benefits to farmers.
Analisis Faktor Penentu Adopsi Benih Unggul Karet Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Listyati, Dewi; Hasibuan, Abdul Muis
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Adopsi benih unggul karet untuk perluasan dan peremajaan tanaman pada perkebunan rakyat masih sangat rendah. Padahal benih unggul menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam peningkatan produktivitas dan kualitas produk, serta dalam efisiensi produksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi adopsi benih unggul karet, khususnya pada perkebunan rakyat dalam rangka mendukung kebijakan pengembangan karet nasional. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Sarolangko, Jambi pada Januari-Desember 2012. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder. Analisis data menggunakan model persamaan struktural/Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adopsi benih unggul karet dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh harapan petani (Product Performance Expectancy/PPE), Social and Technical Influence (STI), dan harga benih unggul karet. Untuk meningkatkan adopsi benih unggul oleh petani karet, diperlukan pengembangan atribut-atribut benih unggul, terutama umur panen dan kualitas benih. Percepatan proses adopsi benih unggul karet juga dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan diseminasi teknologi, penyebaran buku-buku panduan, petunjuk teknis, petunjuk pelaksanaan, leaflet dan poster, serta teknik advokasi melalui kelompok tani.Kata Kunci: Karet, benih unggul, adopsi, SEMThe adoption of rubber superior seeds by farmers for replanting and new planting is still very low. Whereas, the superior seeds to be one important factor in increasing the productivity and quality of products, as well as in production efficiency. The objective of study was to determine factors affecting the adoption of rubber superior seeds, especially to support national policy in developing of smallholder rubber development. The study was conducted in Sarolangko District, Jambi on January-December 2012. The primary and secondary data was used in this study, and then analyzed with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that the adoption of rubber superior seeds was directly affected by expectations farmers (Product Performance Expectancy/PPE), Social and Technical Influence/STI, and price of rubber superior seeds. To increase the adoption of rubber superior seeds it need the development of their attributes, especially in harvest old and quality of seeds. Also, to accelerate the adoption of rubber superior seeds can be done by the extentions in using of rubber superior seeds, and by dissemination of technologies through the handbooks, guidelines/technical manual/leaflet/poster/brochure, as well as the advocacy technic through the farmer groups.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Adopsi Benih Unggul Kopi di Lampung Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy; Hasibuan, Abdul Muis
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Pengembangan kopi (Coffea sp.) di Indonesia sebagian besar merupakan perkebunan rakyat. Produktivitasnya masih rendah karena umumnya tidak menggunakan benih unggul, sedangkan benih unggul memiliki peranan penting dalam mencapai keberhasilan usahatani kopi. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pertimbangan petani dalam mengadopsi benih unggul kopi. Penelitian dilakukan secara survey di Provinsi Lampung pada bulan September-Oktober 2012. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif serta menggunakan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa adopsi benih unggul kopi oleh petani dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh persepsi petani terhadap benih dan ketersediaan benih unggul. Kedua variabel ini memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap adopsi benih unggul kopi. Beberapa indikator yang merefleksikan persepsi petani terhadap benih unggul kopi, yaitu produktivitas, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit, umur panen, umur produktif, efisiensi penggunaan pupuk, kemudahan dalam pemeliharaan, dan kualitas benih. Sedangkan faktor eksternal dan karakteristik petani memberikan pengaruh tidak langsung terhadap adopsi teknologi melalui persepsi terhadap benih dan ketersediaan benih.Kata Kunci: Coffea sp., adopsi, benih unggul, persepsiCoffee (Coffea sp.) development in Indonesia are mostly in smallholders plantation. Their productivity are still low due to generally not using the superior seeds, while superior seeds have an important role in achieving the success of coffee farming. The objective of this research was to determine the factors that affected farmers to adopt coffee superior seeds. This research was conducted in survey methods in Lampung Province from September to October 2012. Data were analyzed using descriptive and Structural Equation Model (SEM). Results showed that the adoption of superior seeds by farmers were affected directly by perception on seeds and availability of superior seeds. Both of these variables have a positive effect to increase adoption. Several indicators that reflect the farmers percepetion on coffee superior seeds were productivity, resistance to pests and diseases, harvesting age, productive age, fertilizer use efficiency, ease of cultivation, and seeds quality. The external factor and farmer characteristics are affect indirectly on adoption through perception and availability of seeds.
Analisis Persepsi dan Sikap Petani terhadap Atribut Benih Kopi di Provinsi Lampung Hasibuan, Abdul Muis; Listyati, Dewi; Sudjarmoko, Bedy
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

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Abstract

Adopsi benih kopi oleh petani sangat tergantung kepada penilaian petani terhadap beberapa faktor yang tersedia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui persepsi dan sikap petani terhadap atribut-atribut benih kopi (benih unggul dan lokal). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Provinsi Lampung pada bulan September sampai November 2012 dengan melakukan survei terhadap 62 orang responden. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan multiatribut Fishbein. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa petani menganggap bahwa atribut ketahanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit merupakan atribut paling penting dalam adopsi benih kopi, kemudian diikuti oleh produktivitas. Atribut yang dianggap paling tidak penting adalah daya tumbuh benih. Sikap petani terhadap benih unggul kopi lebih tinggi dibandingkan benih lokal. Hal tersebut mendorong petani untuk lebih memilih menggunakan benih unggul dibandingkan benih lokal. Hasil survey menunjukkan bahwa 63,38% responden sudah menggunakan benih unggul.Kata Kunci: Kopi, benih unggul, lokal, persepsi, sikap, atributThe adoption of coffee seeds by farmer strongly infulenced by their assessment on the availability of several factors. The objective of this study was to determine the perceptions and attitudes of farmers on the attributes of coffee seeds (superior and local seeds). The research was conducted in Lampung Province in September to November 2012 with a survey of 62 respondents. Data were analyzed by Fishbein multi-attribute analysis. The results showed that the resistance to pests and diseases was the most important attributes, followed by productivity. Meanwhile seed viability attributes was the least important. The attitude of farmers towards superior seeds more higher than the local seed. It encourages farmers to prefer the superior seed compared to local seeds, and results of the survey showed that 63.38% of respondents already use the superior seed.
Co-Authors Abdul Muis Hasibuan Agus Wahyudi Dewi Listyati