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All Journal Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences Biotropika BIOEDUSCIENCE Menara Perkebunan Agro Bali: Agricultural Journal
Turhadi Turhadi
Biology Department Brawijaya University
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology

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Uji Daya Tumbuh Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) dari Berbagai Variasi Potongan Biji Turhadi, Turhadi; Indriyani, Serafinah
Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology Vol 3, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Biotropika: Journal of Tropical Biology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (101.025 KB)

Abstract

Budidaya porang dapat dilakukan dengan metode perkecambahan poliembrioni yaitu pada satu biji dilakukan pembelahan untuk memisahkan bagian embrio yang ada di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbedaan jumlah tunas, persentase tumbuh bagian biji bertunas, biji yang bertunas secara monoembrio dan poliembrio, serta bagian biji yang non-viable dari berbagai variasi potongan biji porang. Biji dengan berat 0,17±0,017 gram dipotong dengan berbagai variasi potongan yaitu biji dipotong tiga (P1) dan dua (P2) membujur, dipotong tiga (P3) dan dua (P4) melintang, dan biji utuh (P5), kemudian dikecambahkan selama tujuh minggu. Biji bertunas difiksasi dalam larutan alkohol 70 %untuk pengamatan lebih lanjut. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan tiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan dilanjutkan uji Tukey (α = 0,05) menggunakan program SPSS 16.0. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa jumlah tunas paling banyak terdapat pada perlakuan biji yang dibelah tiga melintang. Tunas yang muncul semuanya berasal dari bagian proksimal biji. Persentase tumbuh bagian biji bertunas paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan biji utuh (70,00±21,60 %). Biji porang yang bertunas secara poliembrio paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan biji porang utuh (35,00±10,00 %). Perlakuan pembelahan biji secara statistik tidak berpengaruh nyata dalam menghasilkan bibit porang poliembrio. Kata kunci: biji, poliembrio, porang, potongan, tunas
The expression of OsPLA2-III and OsPPO genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under Fe toxicity stress Turhadi, .; Hamim, .; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Miftahudin, .
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Lipid is an important biomolecule in plant because of their structural and functional roles in plant cells. Moreover, lipid could be a signal molecule in defense system of plants under biotic and abiotic stresses. Detoxification process of toxic substances, which is one of the defense system and controlled by various genes, plays an important role in tolerance mechanism in plant under stress conditions, including iron (Fe) toxicity. Plants develop various tolerance strategies to cope the Fe toxicity. The objective of this research was to investigate the expression of OsPLA2-III and OsPPO genes under Fe stress condition. Two-weeks-old seedlings of two rice varieties, i.e., IR64 (Fe-sensitive toxicity) and Pokkali (Fe-tolerant toxicity) were used. Both varieties were treated with 1 (control) and 400 ppm of Fe in the form of FeSO4.7H2O in the nutrient culture solution. The leaf bronzing, chlorophyll content, and relative expression of OsPLA2-III and OsPPO genes were observed. An in-silico study was also performed to predict the interaction between OsPLA2-III and OsPPO proteins. The results showed that the Fe toxicity induced leaf bronzing, reduced leaf chlorophyll content, and increased the OsPLA2-III and OsPPO gene expression levels. Both genes are suggested to have a role in plant tolerance mechanism during Fe toxicity stress via lipid signaling pathway.
Physiological responses and P5CS gene expression of transgenic oil palm plantlet induced by drought stress Turhadi TURHADI; Hayati MINARSIH; Imron RIYADI; . PRIYONO; Asmini BUDIANI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v88i2.386

Abstract

Drought is one of the limiting factors in crop cultivation, such as in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). The transgenic approaches are expected to increase plant tolerance to drought stress and minimize low productivity when drought occurs. Proline is an osmoprotectant compound in plants which its biosynthesis involved the P5CS gene. The objective of this study was to evaluate the tolerance level of P5CS-transgenic oil palm to drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000). In this present study, the transgenic and non-transgenic oil palms were treated by  0, 2, and 4% PEG-6000 under in vitro conditions. The experiment was arranged as a factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The drought level score, total chlorophyll content, carotenoids, and proline content, as well as P5CS gene expression in leaf tissues were observed at 7 and 14 days after stress treatments. The result showed that transgenic plantlets had a lower drought level score than those of non-transgenic lines. A concentration of 4% PEG-6000 treatment reduced the total chlorophyll and carotenoids contents than that of 2% concentration in non-transgenic plantlets at 7 and 14 day after treatments (DAT). In addition, proline content and P5CS gene expression level in transgenic had been significantly increased during stress treatment. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the P5CS transgene increased the drought stress tolerance of oil palm.
Efektivitas Larutan Kultur Unsur Hara dengan Penambahan Agar Sebagai Media Evaluasi Padi Dalam Kondisi Toksisitas Besi Turhadi; Miftahuddin; Hamim; Munif Ghulamahdi
BIOEDUSCIENCE Vol 5 No 1 (2021): BIOEDUSCIENCE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (457.189 KB) | DOI: 10.22236/j.bes/516395

Abstract

Background: Evaluation of the tolerance level of rice to iron (Fe) toxicity stress can be done using a hydroponic system in a nutrient culture solution under a controlled condition. This study aimed to obtain a nutrient culture solution that effective as a medium for evaluating the response of rice under Fe toxicity stress condition. Methods: This experiment was carried out by comparing the effectiveness of three kinds of nutrient culture media, namely Yoshida’s Half-Strength solution (HSY), Yoshida’s Half-Strength + 0.2% agar solution (HSYA), and Yoshida’s Full-Strength + 0.2% agar solution (FSYA) using two rice genotypes, Inpara 5 (sensitive to Fe toxicity) and Mahsuri (tolerant to Fe toxicity). Leaf bronzing level, plant dry weight, and pH of nutrient culture media were observed in this experiment. Results: The results showed that the stress response as represented by the bronzing score in Inpara 5 leaves was known to be higher than that of Mahsuri in the three nutrient culture media. The decrease of root and shoot dry weight in Inpara 5 was higher than that of Mahsuri. In addition, the decrease in the pH of nutrient culture solution media without an agar addition (HSY) occurred faster than the media with the agar addition (HSYA and FSYA). Conclusion: The HSYA and FSYA media exhibited a similar pattern of pH declining but causing significant differences in growth responses between Inpara 5 and Mashuri indicating the HSYA medium is considered more efficient compared to the FSYA medium because it only requires a smaller amount of agar.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BINTARO (Cerbera odollam) TERHADAP WAKTU BERHENTI MAKAN DAN MORTALITAS LARVA ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura) Turhadi Turhadi; Bedjo Bedjo; Suharjono Suharjono
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal Vol 3, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Panji Sakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (416.433 KB) | DOI: 10.37637/ab.v3i2.572

Abstract

Efek negatif yang ditimbulkan oleh pestisida kimia terhadap ekosistem dan lingkungan mendorong usaha untuk menekan penggunaannya, salah satunya melalui penggunaan biopestisida nabati. Sebagai salah satu hama penting tanaman pertanian, ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura) perlu untuk ditekan populasinya untuk meminimalisir kehilangan hasil panen. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biopestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan hama ulat grayak yaitu Cerbera odollam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi biopestisida nabati daun bintaro terhadap waktu berhenti makan (stop feeding) dan mortalitas larva ulat grayak. Penelitian ini didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari enam taraf perlakuan (0 (kontrol), 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 30 g/L) dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang tiga kali. Ekstrak diaplikasikan ke larva ulat grayak dengan menggunakan metode leaf dipping methods. Efektivitas pengaruh ekstrak daun bintaro terhadap ulat grayak dilakukan dengan mengamati waktu berhenti makan (time of stop feeding) dan mortalitas (tingkat kematian larva). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun bintaro berpotensi digunakan sebagai biopestisida nabati untuk larva S. litura. Mortalitas larva S. litura semakin meningkat sejalan dengan semakin lamanya waktu aplikasi ekstrak. Selain itu, mortalitas larva ulat grayak tertinggi terjadi pada perlakuan 20, 25, dan 30 g/L yaitu sebesar 40% pada 168 jam setelah aplikasi.
Co-Authors . PRIYONO Asmini Budiani Bedjo Bedjo Hamim Hamim Hayati Minarsih Imron RIYADI Miftahuddin Miftahudin . MUNIF GHULAMAHDI Serafinah Indriyani Suharjono Suharjono