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All Journal Jurnal Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknologi Industri International Journal of Renewable Energy Development
Budhijanto Budhijanto
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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EFEK PENAMBAHAN ASAM P-TOLUENSULFONAT (PTSA) DALAM PRODUKSI PEREKAT POLIAMIDA DARI KITOSAN DAN ASAM ADIPAT Muhammad Hanief Haifa; Bima Prasetya Pancasakti; Budhijanto Budhijanto; Vincent Vincent; Masyta Dinda Riani
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknologi Industri Vol 22, No 1 (2022): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36275/stsp.v22i1.454

Abstract

Permintaan bahan perekat kayu semakin meningkat seiring dengan berkembangnya industri perkayuan. Di sisi lain, perekat sintetis yang dihasilkan dari turunan minyak bumi sangatlah berbahaya bagi kesehatan manusia. Polimerisasi kitosan-asam adipat merupakan salah satu bahan alam untuk menghasilkan bioadhesive. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai analisis pengaruh asam P-Toluenasulfonat (PTSA) sebagai katalis terhadap karakteristik perekat sehingga dapat diperoleh perekat alami yang optimal melalui reaksi polimerisasi kitosan dan asam adipat. Polimerisasi cross linking digunakan dalam penelitian ini sehingga didapatkan struktur rantai poliamida. Sampel dirancang dengan komposisi kitosan dan asam adipat 1:13,3 (mol/mol) dan penambahan 0,1 mol minyak sawit/mol kitosan. Kondisi reaksi dikontrol pada suhu 70°C dan 1 atm selama 90 menit. Jumlah asam P-Toluensulfonat (PTSA) divariasikan menjadi 0; 1.5; 2; 2.5; 3; dan 3,5 mol PTSA/mol kitosan. Perekat poliamida diawetkan selama tujuh dan 14 hari sebelum diaplikasikan pada papan kayu. Kekuatan tarik perekat dianalisis menggunakan Universal Testing Machine. Kuat tarik terbaik adalah 409 kPa yang diperoleh sampel tanpa penambahan minyak sawit dengan waktu pemeraman tujuh hari. Viskositas dan FTIR dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik perekat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam P-Toluensulfonat meningkatkan pembentukan air dan menurunkan kekuatan rekat.
Analisis Kuat Tarik dan Umur Perekat Poliamida Berbasis Gelatin dan Asam Adipat dengan Variasi Jumlah Boraks sebagai Anti Jamur Anisya Salsabila Zain; Alvin Rizani Ardiansyah Santosa; budhijanto budhijanto; Bima Prasetya Pancasakti
Jurnal Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rbaet.2022.006.01.01

Abstract

Perekat yang banyak digunakan saat ini adalah perekat sintesis yang terbuat dari minyak bumi yang merupakan sumber daya alam tidak terbarukan yang saat ini cadangannya sudah mulai menipis. Oleh karena itu, pembuatan perekat berbasis bahan alami (bioadhesive) perlu untuk dilakukan. Salah satu perekat dari bahan alami adalah perekat poliamida yang merupakan hasil polimerisasi dari senyawa yang mempunyai gugus karboksilat dan amina. Pembuatan perekat dilakukan dengan mereaksikan asam adipat dan gelatin dengan bantuan katalis asam p-toluensulfonat. Selain itu, boraks sebagai anti jamur dan minyak sawit sebagai plasticizer juga ditambahkan. Reaksi polimerisasi dijalankan secara batch pada suhu 90℃ dan tekanan 1 atm dengan variasi rasio mol boraks:gelatin 0, 0,17, 0,2, 0,25, 0,33, 0,5, dan 1. Produk perekat diaplikasikan pada balok kayu dan diuji kuat tarik serta diamati pertumbuhan jamurnya. Hasil kuat tarik terbaik yaitu perekat dengan rasio mol boraks:gelatin 0,25 dengan nilai kuat tarik untuk curing time 1, 3, 7, dan 14 hari masing-masing adalah 1576, 2197, 3387, dan 3708 kPa. Sedangkan dari hasil pengamatan jamur, dapat diketahui bahwa penambahan mol boraks dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur pada perekat poliamida.
ANALISIS PENGARUH JENIS AGEN CROSSLINKER TERHADAP KARAKTERISTIK PEREKAT KAYU BERBAHAN TEPUNG TAPIOKA DAN PVA Bima Prasetya Pancasakti; Budhijanto Budhijanto; Vincent Vincent
Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi: Jurnal Keilmuan dan Aplikasi Teknologi Industri Vol 22, No 2 (2022): JURNAL SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36275/stsp.v22i2.514

Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the characteristics of adhesive using the variation of crosslinking agents. The types of crosslinking agents were citric acid and oxalic acid which have the capability to create a bond with cassava starch-PVA adhesive. The synthesis process was conducted through gelatinization, hydrolysis, oxidation, and polymerization. The reaction was run using a three-neck flask and mercury stirrer at 70 °C and 1 atm. The characteristic of adhesive such as viscosity, dry and wet shear strength, solid content, durability, and surface morphology was analyzed based on the standard. The result depicted that the use of citric acid as crosslinking agent influenced the quality of the adhesive. Citric acid is able to enhance the viscosity and the strength of the dry and wet shear strength of the adhesive. The exact value of the dry and wet shear strength of the adhesive are 1,0173 and 0,7039 MPa. The addition of citric acid has a big impact on the thickness of the adhesive during the period. The morphology of the adhesive showed that the use of crosslinking agent had a big impact on the homogeneity level of the adhesive. Therefore, it can be concluded that citric acid with 2% of composition from cassava starch weight is a suitable crosslinking agent to enhance the quality of cassava starch-PVA adhesive.
Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina Platensis Residue Siti Jamilatun; Budhijanto Budhijanto; Rochmadi Rochmadi; Arief Budiman
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 6, No 3 (2017): October 2017
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201

Abstract

 Analysis of thermal decomposition and pyrolisis reaction kinetics of Spirulina platensis residue (SPR) was performed using Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Thermal decomposition was conducted with the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min from 30 to 1000oC. Thermogravimetric (TG), Differential Thermal Gravimetric (DTG), and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) curves were then obtained. Each of the curves was divided into 3 stages. In Stage I, water vapor was released in endothermic condition. Pyrolysis occurred in exothermic condition in Stage II, which was divided into two zones according to the weight loss rate, namely zone 1 and zone 2. It was found that gasification occurred in Stage III in endothermic condition. The heat requirement and heat release on thermal decomposition of SPR are described by DTA curve, where 3 peaks were obtained for heating rate 10, 20 and 30°C/min and 2 peaks for 40 and 50°C/min, all peaks present in Zone 2. As for the DTG curve, 2 peaks were obtained in Zone 1 for similar heating rates variation. On the other hand, thermal decomposition of proteins and carbohydrates is indicated by the presence of peaks on the DTG curve, where lignin decomposition do not occur due to the low lipid content of SPR (0.01wt%). The experiment results and calculations using one-step global model successfully showed that the activation energy (Ea) for the heating rate of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50oC/min for zone 1 were 35.455, 41.102, 45.702, 47.892 and 47.562 KJ/mol, respectively, and for zone 2 were 0.0001428, 0.0001240, 0.0000179, 0.0000100 and 0.0000096 KJ/mol, respectively.Keywords: Spirulina platensis residue (SPR), Pyrolysis, Thermal decomposition, Peak, Activation energy.Article History: Received June 15th 2017; Received in revised form August 12th 2017; Accepted August 20th 2017; Available onlineHow to Cite This Article: Jamilatun, S., Budhijanto, Rochmadi, and Budiman, A. (2017) Thermal Decomposition and Kinetic Studies of Pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis Residue, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 6(3), 193-201.https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.6.3.193-201
Co-Authors Alvin Rizani Ardiansyah Santosa Anisya Salsabila Zain Arief Budiman Bima Prasetya Pancasakti Masyta Dinda Riani Muhammad Hanief Haifa Rochmadi Rochmadi Siti Jamilatun Vincent Vincent