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Pengaruh Penerapan Ukuran Huruf Ergonomis Pada Papan Tulis Terhadap Kelelahan Visual dan Kelelahan Intelektual Siswa Sekolah Dasar “X” di Sleman Tahun 2013 Afifah Nulaila Desi Wijayanti; Muryoto Muryoto; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 3 (2014): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The rate of incidence due to visual impairment in children is very high. Meanwhile, educational facilities and infrastructures which are not ergonomic can be one of the triggers of the onset of visual fatigue and intellectual fatigue among students. The size of letters written on chalkboards in the classrooms should be adjusted to students who sit farthest. Based on a preliminary survey conducted in Elementary School “X” in Sleman, it was found that 7,2 % of students have already worn glasses, and 7 out of 10 of normal eye students were complaining some things related with eye tiredness. The study was aimed to know the influence of the application of ergonomical size letters on the chalkboard toward the visual fatigue and intellectual fatigue among students of Ele-mentary School “X” by conducting a true experiment which followed pre-test post-test with control group design. From all grade IV and V students of the school, 80 were sampled randomly as the respondents and then they were divided equally into two groups as the treatment and control ones. Fifteen minutes prior to and after a 35 minutes duration learning activities, all respondents filled in the questionnaire of visual fatigue and Bourdon Wiersma test. In the treatment group, students were asked to read script written on the chalkboard by using ergonomic letters; mean-while in the control group, the written letter were followed the usual size used by the teachers. The study data which were analysed by independent t-test at 95 % significancy level, showed results that students in the treatment group had significantly lower visual and intellectual fatigue, com-pared with those of students in the control group (all p values <0,001). To help students in the learning process, teachers of the elementary school are advised to change their habit in writing letters in the chalkboards with minimal size of 3,75 cm.

Pengaruh Berbagai Variasi Volume Minyak Goreng Bekas Terhadap Standar Mutu Deterjen Cuci Cair Dwi Rahma Wati; Bambang Suwerda; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Cooking oil is a food ingredient that is used for daily needs. The re-use of cooking oil for many times is highly not suggested since it may lead to harm human health and pollute the environ-ment. One of efforts to process used cooking oil is to utilize it as base material in liquid detergent making. The purpose of the study was to know the influence of different volume variation of used cooking oil (i.e. 50, ml, 55 ml and 60 ml) toward the quality standard of the detergent yielded, referred to the SNI. The study was a pre-experiment with post-test only design and conducted in three replications. The laboratory measuremnet and panel test, showed that all of the liquid wa-shing detergent produced had fullfiled the standard parameter that consists of: homogenous liquid formation and can dripping, has perfume fragrance, has no-striking color, pH between 10-12, minimum active ingredient 25 %, specific weight between 1,2-1,5; and maximum microbe contamination 1x105. Results of subsequent statistical analysis using kruskal-wallis test at 5% signifcany level showed that the quality of all detergent yielded from the experiment were not significantly different, and 50 ml was decided as the most effective volume of the used cooking oil.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Ampas Kelapa (Cocos nucifera Lin) Sebagai Tepung Dalam Pembuatan Mi Basah Elsa Desy Pratiwi; Lilik Hendrarini; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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In Indonesia, almost 75 % of waste is dominated by organic type that if is not handled properly will cause unpleasant odor and become the breeding sites for bacteria that can potentially inter-fere public health. Jenang Mirah Industry in Josari Village, Jetis, Ponorogo, East Java produces ± 1.2 quintal of organic waste in form of coconut (Cocos nucifera Lin ) pulp that has not been yet treated adequately. The crude fiber content in coconut pulp can be utilized as flour to sub-stitute wheat flour in food making, such as wet noodles. The purpose of this study was to deter-mine the differences of organoleptic test and shelf life among wet noodles produced from four different formulations of coconut pulp flour and wheat flour, by conducting a post-test only with control group designed quasi-experiment. The formulations used were: Formulation I, 300 gr coconut pulp flour and 200 gr wheat flour; Formulation II, 250 gr coconut pulp flour and 250 gr wheat flour; Formulation III, 200 gr coconut pulp flour and 300 gr wheat flour; and Formulation IV or the control, 500 gr wheat flour only. The experiment was using five panelists and the data were statistically analyzed by Kruskall-Wallis test at 5 % level of significance.The results show-ed that Formulation III is the most accepted by consumers (the average score was 3.98 with ra-ting category "favour"). That Formulation also produced wet noodles with the longest shelf life in plastic package, i.e.12 hours.

Kursus Penjamah Makanan pada Jasa Boga PT “X” di Madiun Ratih Lukmitarani; Muryoto Muryoto; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Poor habits of food handlers are primary and secondary source of pathogens or toxigenic micro-organisms which are ready to be infected through food, either via direct or indirect contactwhich is causing enteric diseases among humans. Food borne diseases can be prevented bygiving education to food handlers as suggested by the regulation issued by MoH No.1096/Menkes/Per/VI/2011 about Hygiene Sanitation for Catering Service, which is known as FoodHygiene and Sanitation Course. This course is conducted by two methods, i.e. through lectureand tutorial. The aim of the study was to identify the difference about knowledge mastering between pre-couse and post-course, among the food handlers of PT “X” Catering Service in Madiun. The study was a true experiment with pre-test post-test control group design. From 55food handlers as the study population, 32 were randomly selected as the sample, of which 16were assigned to lecture group and the other 16 to tutorial one. The data were analyzed by ttest, and the results show that the knowledge receiveness about food hygiene and sanitationamong the food handlers between pre-course and post-course is significantly different, either inthe lecture group (p-value<0,001) or in the tutorial group (p-value<0,001). The mastering ofcourse material through tutorial method increased higher (17,3 %), compared with that of lecture method which was only 17,3 %. To conclude, the mastering of course material betweenpre-course and post-course is different, either through lecture method or tutorial method.

Pengaruh Penyemprotan Pupuk Organik Cair Limbah Jeroan Ikan dan Limbah Kulit Nanas Terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi Hijau (Brassica juncea) Neo Husein Niddai; Agus Suwarni; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 3 (2015): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Wastes from food industries, such as fish entrails and pineapple peels can raise problems in the corresponding processing because they have organic substance. As an effort to overcome the impacts associated with this two waste types, this study utilize them as liquid organic fertilizer and see its effect to growth rate of green cabbage (Brassica juncea). Therefore, a quasi experiment with pre-test post-test with control group design was conducted. 30 polybag of green cabbage were used as the treatment group and another 30 polybag was treated as the control one, i.e. by using liquid organic fertilizer brand “X”. The plant’s growth rate measured was the changeof weight and the change of leaf number, between the beginning of the study and at 6th week after fertilization. The average weight increase in the treatment group was 211,80 gr, and that in the control group was 210,26 gr. The average leaf addition in the treatment group was 3,46 sheets, meanwhile in the control group it was 3,63 sheets. Towards the weight change, statistical test result by using independent t-test gained a p-value of 0,683; and towards the leaf number change, Mann-Whitney test yielded a p-value of 0,543. So that, it can be concluded that liquid organic fertilizer made of fish entrails and pineapple peels as well as branded “X” liquid organic fertilizer had no different effect on the growrth rate of Brassica juncea.

Pemanfaatan Cuka Kayu untuk Menurunkan Kadar Gas H2S (Hidrogen Sulfida) Limbah Cair Industri Tahu "X" di Tejokusuman, Notoprajan, Ngampilan, Kota Yogyakarta Mardi Mardi; Adib Suyanto; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2015): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Liquid waste produced from tofu industry which is containing suspended and dissolved solids will physically, chemically and biologically change. The poisonous substance yielded from the change is potential to disturb human health. The preliminary study showed that the measurement of H2S concentration in Tofu Industry “X” in its liquid waste was 0,394 mg/l or exceeding the standard threshold. One of the methods to reduce the gas is by adding wood vinegar. The study was an experiment with post test only with control group design. The amount of liquid waste sample used was 20 liter and there were three dose variations of wood vinegar observed, i.e. 5 ml, 10 ml and 15 ml for every 1000 ml liquid waste. Based on the result of One Way Anova test at 95 % level of confidence, the p-value obtained was < 0,001, which means that the various doses of wood vinegar had different effects in decreasing H2S level in tofu liquid waste. The subsequent LSD test showed that the highest mean difference with the control group was reached by Dose C (15 ml wood vinegar in 1000 ml liquid waste). However, Dose B (10 ml) was already able to fulfill the permitted threshold of 0,1 mg/l.

Suhu, Kelembaban dan Kebisingan pada Halaman Rumah Toko di Jalan Godean, Sleman, Yogyakarta Vita Dini Anggraeni; Sri Muryani; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 3 (2016): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The reduction of open land in urban areas affects air circulation. Shop-houses which stand in rows along the sreets without providing space for plants can affect environmental health. An observation carried out on 4th May 2015 at one of shop-houses in Godean Street km 6,5 Sleman, obtained results of temperature, humidity and noise measurement as much as 40,2 °C, 35,7 % and 86,2 dB(A), which was meant that those three parameters has exceeding the corresponding thresholds. Vertical garden is one of planting techniques which do not need large area. The objective of the research was to know the influence of vertical garden to the change of temperature, humidity and noise on the front yard of shop-houses in Godean Street, by conductinngan experimthent with post-test only control group design. The types of plants used were yellow palm, yellow bamboo and lidah mertua. The data were analyzed by using independent t-test at ? = 0,05. From ten shop-houses sample, the results show that temperature decreased in an average of 0,6 °C (1,97 %), humidity increased in an average of 0,25 % (0,57 %), and noise decreased in average of 0,959 dB (A) (1,297 %). For temperature and humidity, there was no significant difference was found between the treatment and control groups (the p-values were0,153 and 0,918, respectively). Meanwhile for noise, the significant difference was identified (pvalue = 0,048). Based on the findings, the shop-houses owners are recommended to apply vertical garden as green hedge and as one of the efforts to reduce the noise.

Egg Tray Daun Salam (Eugenia polyantha) Isna Bekti Pratiwi; Muryoto Muryoto; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 3 (2017): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Chicken egg is one of foods that highly nutritious and has good taste and inexpensive, as well as can be processed into various food products. However, the characteristic of chicken eggs is their quality can be easily degraded and perishable because the shelf-life is relatively short. This research, in general was aimed to know the effect of egg tray consisted of Eugenia polyantha leaves towards the length of shelf life of chicken eggs which were washed and unwashed. Specifically, the purpose of the research was to know the effect of 0 %, 20 % and 40 % compositon ratio of the leaves, by conducting a true experiment with post test only control group design. As the control was egg tray which is found in markets. In each egg tray, 10 washed eggs and 10 beforehand unwashed eggs were placed and kept at room temperature. The length of eggs’ shelflife were observed in twenty-seven days, and was based on the change of their condition. The data were analysed by using one way Anova at ? 0,05; and the results indicate that egg tray with 40 % Eugenis polyantha leaves is the most effective for prolonging the shelf-life of washed chicken eggs. The obtained value of mean difference and p-value were 14.00000 and < 0,001, respectively.

Penggunaan Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk Nipis (Citrus Aurantifolia) pada Berbagai Jarak Paparan terhadap Penurunan Angka Kuman Udara di Puskesmas Sewon II Bantul Anita Kumala Dewi; Sigid Sudaryanto; Rizki Amalia
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 2 (2018): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Health service facilities need to be monitored in order to prevent the nosocomial infections, especially from the high amount of air microbe. Therefore, disinfection effort is needed. One of natural disinfectant substances is lime peels which contain flavonoid as anti-bacteria. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of the use of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peels extract on various exposure distances toward the decrease air microbe in Puskesmas Sewon II, Bantul. The study was a pre-test post-test group designed experiment and was conducted in May and June 2018. The disinfections were attached to a modified wall fan. The data were analysed by using paired t-test and one way anova at 95 % level of significance. The reduction of air microbe number were measured at three exposure distances. i.e.1,4 m, 2,8 m, and 4,2 m from the fan. Each distance consisted of three sampling collection points. Descriptively, the highest reduction of airmicrobe was identified in 2,8 m, i.e. 63,42 %, and the lowest one was found in 1,4 m distance, i.e. 52,7 %. The result of paired t-test analysis show that only at point F (2,8 m) and point H (4,2 m) the use of lime peels extract affecting the reduction of air microbe (the association p-values gained were 0,009 and 0,045 respectively). In genereal, the results of one way anova test show that the air microbe reduction among the three exposure distance are not significantly different (p-value = 0,496).

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