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Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan dengan Tuberkulosis Anak dan Sebarannya di Kecamatan Watumalang Kabupaten Wonosobo Tahun 2011 Pujiyati Pujiyati; Sri Muryani; Sigid Sudaryanto
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 4 No. 2 (2012): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious and chronic disease. This disease still leads to high morbidity and mortality rate in many countries including Indonesia. WHO’s report in 2011, stated that Indo-nesia is the fourth largest country contributing to TB cases in the world. In many developing countries, children aged below 15 years with TB are 15 % of all TB cases. In Kabupaten Wono-sobo, the number of children with TB who seeking care in health centers betwen 2008-2011 were 508, and among the 21 health centers, Watumalang has the highest number of cases. This study was aimed to identify the risk factors and the spread of children with TB in that area by conducting a case-control study. Sample who were derived by total sampling method were 80 children, i.e. 40 in both case and control groups. Data were analysed in univariate, bivariate and multivariate manner. Meanwhile, spatial analysis was conducted by creating a map by using GIS. Bivariat analysis showed that the signifcant factors were: ventilated room (OR=3,444; 95% CI=1,310-9,058); p.value=0,011); contact history (OR= 4,636; 95% CI=1,593-13,494; p.value= 0,003); and nutritional status (OR=13,778; 95% CI=4,713-40,281; p.value<0,001). The further multivariate analysis with logistic regression found that nutritional status was the most dominant factor. Spatially, the cases were distributed around the existed traditional markets as well as the main highway of Wonosobo-Watumalang.

Variasi Lama Waktu Kontak Tanaman Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata lorentii mein leibling) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Karbon Monoksida dan Sulfur Dioksida di dalam Ruangan Ramadani Sukaningtyas; Haryono Haryono; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Urban areas with a lot of industrial and technological activities, and also with densely traffic, re-sult in the increasing of air pollution. 70 % of toxic gases existed in big cities’ air are coming from motor engined vehicles. Meanwhile, the low quality of indoor air are mostly caused by internal source of contaminants. The purposes of the study were to find out the amount of carbon mono-xide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) concentration decrease after have been contacted to Lidah Mertua plants (Sansevieria trifasciata lorentii mein leibling) among 2, 4 and 6 hour variations; and to know which contact time has the most effective results. The study conducted a quasi ex-periment with controlled time series design by using a green house to observe the data. For each study group, there were five pot of the plants with equal width, height and number of leaf, and were observed from six replications. Descriptively, the results showed that the mean de-crease of CO concentration in the control and treatment groups for 2, 4 and 6 hour contact time were: 47,17 ppm (2,30 %), 120,67 ppm (5,87 %), 212,83 ppm (10,36 %); and 400,83 ppm (19,57 %), 881,50 ppm (43,05 %), 1717,50 ppm (83,88 %) respectively. Meanwhile, for SO2, the mean decrease for both groups were observed as much as 24,17 ppm (1,76 %), 62,67 ppm (4,57 %), 114,00 ppm (8,32 %); and 225,00 ppm (16,63 %), 480,00 ppm (35,48 %), 886,33 ppm (65,52 %). P-values obtained from the one way anava test were <0.001 for all the measurements. The subsequent LSD test confirmed that the highest results for the two pollutants were yielded from 6 hour contact time with mean difference of 1504,67 for CO and 772,33 for SO2.

Pengaruh Ketebalan Bulu Ayam dalam Kotak Kayu sebagai Peredam Suara untuk Menurunkan Intensitas Kebisingan Mesin Penggiling Daging di Pasar Serangan Yogyakarta Siska Septiana; Adib Suyanto; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2013): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The use of meat grinding machine produce sound with high noise intensity which can be harmful for the health and safety of workers operating the machine. Based on a preliminary survey con-ducted in 5 February 2013 at a meat shop belongs to Mr “X” located in Serangan Market of Yogyakarta, it was known that the noise intensity yielded from the grinding machine was record-ed as high as 100.4 to dB (A). Hence, this condition needs efforts to reduce the noise in order to prevent health effects which can be caused by long term and execessive exposure. One method that can be applied is by utilizing chicken feathers waste as noise reducer, and this study was aimed to determine the influence of thickness variation of the feather by doing an experiment with pre-test post-test control design. The wooden box muffler containing chicken feathers and covered the machine was made from sengon wood and laminated by plywood. The noise mea-surement were carried out in six replications for each feathers thickness by using sound level meter following the standard measurement and calculation. The results of the study showed that the feather thickness variation of 10 cm, 20 cm and 30 cm, were corresponded with in average of 14,9 %, 16,0 % and 17,5 % noise reduction, respectively. Analysis by using one way anova sta-tistical test at 95 % level of signifcance, found that the differences among the amount of the reduction were significant, and therefore it can be concluded that feather can reduce the machin-al noise level. Subsequent LSD test found that the 30 cm thickness was the most effective.

Hubungan Kadar Karbon Monoksida (CO) dan Beberapa Faktor Risiko Tenaga Kerja dengan Tekanan Darah Juru Parkir Kawasan Malioboro Yolamba Ervina SUjarwo; Heru Subaris Kasjono; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 1 (2014): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Transportation is one of the biggest contributors to air pollution in the large urban of Indonesia, particularly from land transportation. Some people may be exposed to CO because of their work environment, and parking attendants are one of the most exposed group of workers to CO from main road. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between levels of Carbon Mono-xide (CO) and several labor risk factors with blood pressure of parking attendants in Malioboro by conducting a cross sectional survey toward 64 respondents who were randomly selected. The results of this study were analyzed by using Pearson Product Moment, Spearman Rank Cor-relation, and Chi Square from SPSS. The statistical test results showed that relationships were found between the duration of work per week (p = 0,010 and p = 0,047) and work shift (p = 0,015 and p < 0,001) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The CO concentration, even though has correlation with diastolic blood pressure (p < 0,001), it has no relationship with the systolic one (p = 0,130). Meanwhile, for smoking habits, no relationship is found with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0,05 and p = 0,911).

Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap dan Praktik Merokok dengan Kejadian ISPA di Pemondokan Putra RW 51 Pogung Rejo, Sleman, Yogyakarta Tiara Putri Prabawati; Achmad Husein; sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 6 No. 2 (2014): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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In Indonesia, in addition to its escalating production, cigarette becomes the most consumed co-modity, after rice, eventhough it has already known that it contains some chemical substances harmful for human health. Based on a preliminary survey interviewing fifteen people live in male boarding houses located at RW 51 of Pogung Rejo, in Sleman, it was revealed that most of them were smoker, although they had good level, both of knowledge and the concerned attitude. To understand the relationship between knowledge level, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking, with the incidence of acute respiratory infection (ARI) among male boarders in that area, a cross sectional approached survey was conducted. From the total population, 20 % (57 individual) of boarders were selected by using accidental sampling technique as respondents of the study. The data were collected directly by questionnaire-led interview and check-listed observation. Descriptively, it was identified that 57,8 % of respondents were showing of ARI symptoms, and related with the independent variables, it was also found that 50,9 % had low level of knowledge, 57,9 % had not-good attitude, and 70,2 % were smokers. Statistical analysis by employing chi-square test at 95 % confidence level to measure the relationships between those three variables with ARI incidence, yielded p-values of 0,516; 0,034 and 0,024 respectively. The subsequent analysis for calculating the corresponding prevalence ratios gave 1,16 for level of knowledge, 1,67 for the attitude, and 1,91 for cigarette smoking practice.

Manfaat Ekstrak Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn) sebagai Han Sanitizer untuk Menurunkan Angka Kuman Dewita Nungki Hapsari; Lilik Hendrarini; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Daun sirih (Piper betle Linn) plant contains antiseptic substance that can kill bacteria and fungiand have capacity as antioxidant. Hand sanitizer is hand cleaner without the use of water thatcan block the growth of and even kill bacteria. The purpose of this research was to know the influence of hand sanitizer with Piper betle Linn leaves extract on the reduction of hand microbenumber by conducting a pre-test post-test gorup designed experiment. As the study subject was36 sixth grade students of Pedes 1 Elementary School of Sedayu, Bantul, who were divided intothree treatment groups, i.e. hand sanitizer with extract Sirih leaves of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % concentrations. The microbe numbers were examined at The Laboratory of Health of YogyakartaProvince, and the results showed that 10 % concentration was able to reduce 507,75 colony/cm2or 77,92 %; meanwhile the 20 % and 30 % concentrations were of 3967,75 colony/cm2 or 86,13%; and 776,08 colony/cm2 or 93,94 %, respectively. The one way anava test at 95 % confidencelevel proved that those differences are significant (p-value<0,001) and the subsequent LSD testconcluded that 20 % is the most effective concentration.

Pemanfaatan "SKIMSA" sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair: Pengaruhnya Terhadap Jumlah Helai Daun dan Berat Tanaman Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans) Lukas Tri Kurniawan; Siti Hani Istiqomah; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 2 (2015): November
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Waste is a consequence of human activities. The increase of human population and economicgrowth can cause problem in waste handling, especially those containing organic ingredients.This kind of waste, if is just dumped and not appropriately managed will invite animal vectorscarrying disease agents as well as disturb the aesthetic values. This study utilized vegetablewastes and coconut fibre wastes dumped by sellers as liquid organic fertilizer (which are called“Skimsa”) fo Ipomoea reptans. This study was aimed to determine whether the spraying of“Skimsa” and organic liquid fertilizer brand "X", which are sold in the market, give different effecton the leaf number and the weight of that plant, by conducting a quasi experiment followingpost test only with control group design. There were 30 polybags for each treatment group andthe fertilizers were given in four weeks. The data from observation were analysed by usingindependent t-test at 95 % confidence level, and the results showed that the average number ofleaf (p-value=0,063) and the weight (p-value=0,18) of Ipomoea reptans yielded from both organic fertilizers were not significantly different. Therefore, it can be concluded that liquid organicfertilizer made of vegetable waste and coconut fibre waste has same effectiveness with that ofbrand "X".

Pemanfaatan Coconut Dust dalam Kotak Kayu Sengon sebagai Peredam Kebisingan MEsin Diesel Penggilingan Padi di Usaha Dagang (UD) Sumber Barokah Octavia Sakti Wulandari; Sri Muryani; Yamtana Yamtana
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 7 No. 4 (2016): Mei
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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The measurement of noise intensity in Sumber Barokah rice mill that located ion Ceper, Klaten,was 90,92 dB (A). According to the regulation issued by the Ministry of Manpower and Transmigration No. Per.13/Men/X/2011, the threshold limit value (TLV) of noise in workplace is 85 dB (A)within an exposure period of 8 hours per day. Noise intensity noise in work environment that exceed the quality standard can give negative effect for workers’ health. The purpose of this research was to use coconut dust placed in a sengon wooden box as noise silencer for rice millingdiesel engines. The research type was an experiment with one group pre-test post-test design.The research objects were two diesel engines used by Sumber Barokah. The noise measurement was using sound level meter at four points of 1-3 m distance from the engines, and eachpoint was measured three times. The average of noise intensity before the silencer was installedwas 94.86 dB (A) and afterward it decline to 83.94 dB (A) or has 11,70 dB (A)/12.40 % reduction.The paired t-test analysis at 9 % level of significance obtained a p-value less than 0.001 whichmeans that the reduction is statistically significant. Therefore, it can be concluded that coconutdust in sengon wooden box is beneficial for lowering the noise come from rice milling diesel engines.

Pengaruh Berbagai Luas Permukaan Daun Tanaman Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria trifasciata ‘Golden Hahnii’) Terhadap Penurunan Radiasi Komputer Ruang Kerja di RS KIA Sadewa, Yogyakarta Dwi Larasati; Sri Muryani; Achmad Husein
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 1 (2016): Agustus
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Computers, which are widely used by people to help finishing many tasks, have negative impact in the form of non-ionizing radiation. Based on the preliminary survey, the measurement of com-puter radiation in Sadewa Hospital had not exceeding the standard quality. However, continuous exposure will affect the health of the users. Sansevieria is one of plants which can reduce com-puter radiation. The purpose of this study was to know the influence of various leaves surface areas of Sansevieria trifasciata ‘Golden Hahnii’ in decreasing computer radiation. There were three treatment, i.e. A (510-570 cm2 leaves area), B (1020-1140 cm2 leaves area), and C (1530-1710 cm2 leaves area). The type of the research was a quasi experiment with pre-test post-test with control group design. The radiation mesurements were conducted toward 10 computers in 10 different rooms in the hospital. The results shows that radiation reduction yielded from treat-ment A was 0.142 x 10-4 mT, from treatment B was 0.277 x 10-4 mT, and from treatment C was 0.351 x 10-4 mT. The result of statistical test by using One Way Anova at 95 % level of signifi-cance obtained a p-value < 0,001, which means that the reduction difference among the results is significant. The subsequent LSD test concluded that treatment C yielded the highest reduction of computer radiation.

Pengaruh Bioscreen Anti Radiasi dari Tanaman Sansevieria trifasciata lorentii mein liebling terhadap Penurunan Radiasi Laptop Novia Ardhya Maryana; Choirul Amri; Sri Muryani
Sanitasi: Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Vol. 9 No. 3 (2018): Februari
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta

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Advances in science and technology encourage people to develop and create various types ofelectronic devices. One of electronic equipments that is used widely in present day is laptop.Laptop as a product of modern technology still bring impact to our lives, one of which is radiation. The effect of radiation released by laptops is not directly perceived by the users, but after15-20 years. Sansevieria is one of plants that can be used as anti radiation bioscreen. The purpose of this study was to determine the decrease differences of laptop radiation before andafter being given anti radiation bioscreen made from Sansevieria trifasciata lorentii mein liebling. This research method was experiment with pre test post test with control group design.The data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially. The results reveal that the radiation incontrol group decreased in average of 0,32 x ???? (18,22 %), while in the treatment group, itwas 0,33 x ????(24,45 %).

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