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INVENTARISASI TANAMAN PENEDUH JALAN PENJERAP TIMBAL DI PURWOKERTO Santoso, Slamet; Lestari, Sri; Samiyarsih, Siti
Prosiding Vol 3, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : Prosiding

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Abstract

Tanaman peneduh jalan adalah tanaman yang berada di tepi jalan. Tanaman peneduh jalan memiliki dua fungsi yaitu sebagai estetika dan ekologis. Salah satu fungsi ekologis tanaman peneduh jalan adalah mengakumulasi bahan pencemar. Jenis pencemaran yang memerlukan penanganan secara sistematis dan komprehensif adalah pencemaran timbal (Pb). Pb banyak dihasilkan oleh aktivitas pembakaran bahan bakar minyak kendaraan bermotor. Jenis tanaman peneduh jalan yang berpotensi mengakumulasi Pb belum tereksplorasi sehingga dilakukan riset yang dapat menghasilkan database jenis spesies yang mampu mengurangi Pb di lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menginventarisasi jenis tanaman peneduh jalan penjerap Pb. Manfaat penelitian adalah mendapatkan jenis tanaman peneduh jalan yang berpotensi penjerap Pb. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survai di 8 (delapan) jalan di wilayah Purwokerto. Sampel daun tanaman peneduh jalan diambil secara acak terpilih di sepanjang jalan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis-jenis tanaman peneduh jalan yang berpotensi menjerap Pb adalah Glodogan (Polyalthea longifolia), Angsana (Pterocarpus indicus), Filicium (Filicium decipiends), Ketapang (Terminalia catappa), Beringin (Ficus benjamina), Kupu-kupu (Bauhinia tomentosa), Puspa (Schima wallichii), Kenari (Canarium ovatum) dan Genitu (Chrysophyllum cainito).
The Structural Resistance’s Anatomy of Sweet Potato Leaves to Fungal Pathogen Sphaceloma batatas Samiyarsih, Siti; Juwarno, Juwarno; Muljowati, Juni Safitri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12116

Abstract

Anatomical characters can be used as instructions to the structural resistance of plants to pathogen attack. Various pathogens attack sweet potato plants, such as the Sphaceloma batatas fungus that causes scurvy disease (scab). The aims of this research t test the structural resistance of sweet potato plants based on leaf anatomical character and intensity of disease attack due to the inoculated of S. batatas. The research was conducted from June to November 2016, using the Completely Randomized Design Experimental (RAL) method with a factorial pattern. The first factor was ten sweet potato cultivars and the second factor was the inoculum of S. batatas fungus each treatment with five replications. The character of leaf anatomy observed was thick of cuticle, thick of mesophyll, size and number of stomata and number of trichomes per 1 mm2 leaf area. Based on the research result, it was concluded that the inoculation of the fungus of S. batatas caused the decrease of stomata length and width on ten sweet potato cultivars. The highest intensity of disease attack was 14.33% and correlated with stomata length (r = 0.49). The anatomical structural resistance to scurvy can be used as a basis for determining crosses for obtaining superior sweet potato cultivars. The benefit of the research is to advise the community to cultivate sweet potatoes that have structural resistance to scurvy, such as cuticle and thick mesophyll, high trichomata density.
Variasi Karakter Anatomis Talus Padina australis Hauck 1887 (Dictyotales, Phaeophycota) di Pantai Karang Tengah Kabupaten Cilacap Samiyarsih, Siti; Ats’tsaury, Moch Iqbal Sufyan; Insan, Achmad Ilalqisny; Fitrianto, Nur
977-2407769
Publisher : Departemen Ilmu Kelautan, Fakultas PerikanJurusan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jmr.v9i4.28208

Abstract

ABSTRAK: Karakter anatomi dapat digunakan untuk menentukan produktivitas kandungan alginat rumput laut P. australis Hauck. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui variasi karakter anatomis talus Padina australis Hauck. Pengambilan sampel dengan purposive random sampling di pantai Karang Tengah, Kabupaten Cilacap. Persiapan mikroskopis dengan metode parafin dengan safranin 1% dalam alkohol 70%. Parameter yang diamati meliputi ketebalan epidermis, ukuran sel medula, ketebalan talus, dan ukuran tetra sporangia. Pengamatan struktur anatomi secara deskriptif dengan membandingkan karakter anatomi P. australis Hauck pada garis konsentris. Data karakter anatomi dianalisis dengan Uji-t dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi karakter anatomi talus dengan garis konsentris 5 memiliki ketebalan epidermis adaxial dan abaxial masing-masing adalah 20,05 μm dan 12,55 μm, sedangkan pada garis konsentris 7 memiliki ketebalan 28,33 μm dan 18 μm. Ketebalan talus dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 masing-masing adalah 99,44 μm, 114,77 μm. Diameter meduler dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 masing-masing adalah 37,88 μm, 45,5 μm. Diameter rata-rata tetra sporangia masing-masing dengan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 yaitu 25,66 μm, 35,66 μm. Talus P. australis Hauck berdasarkan garis konsentris 5 dan 7 memiliki perbedaan ukuran pada ketebalan epidermis adaxial, ketebalan epidermis abaxial, ketebalan talus, diameter meduler, dan diameter tetra sporangia. Implikasi penelitian ini sebagai database pada data dasar karakter anatomi P. australis yang dikaitkan denggan produktsi alginat dan data dasar taksonomi.  ABSTRACT: Anatomical character data can be used to determine the productivity of P. australis Hauck's seaweed alginate content. Each thallus has a thallus size and the number of varied concentric lines. The aim of the research is to determine the anatomical characteristics of the Padina australis Hauck thallus. Seaweed sampling by purposive random sampling technique in Karang Tengah beach, Cilacap regency. Preparation of microscopic by paraffin method with safranin 1% in 70% alcohol. Parameters observed included thickness of the epidermis, size of a medullary cell, the thickness of thallus, and the size of tetra sporangia. The anatomical character data was analyzed by t-Test with a 95% confidence level. The result of the research showed that the anatomical character of the thallus with concentric line 5 had a thickness of adaxial and abaxial epidermis respectively is 20.05 μm and 12.55 μm, whereas in concentric line 7 had a thickness of 28.33 μm and 18 μm. The thickness of the thallus with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively is 99.44 μm, 114.77 μm. Medullary diameter with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively is 37,88 μm, 45,5 μm. The average diameter of tetra sporangia with concentric lines 5 and 7 respectively that is 25,66 μm, 35,66 μm. Thallus of P. australis Hauck based on concentric lines 5 and 7 has differences of sizes on the adaxial epidermal thickness, thickness of the abaxial epidermis, the thickness of the thallus, medullary diameter, and diameter of tetra sporangia. The implications anatomical characters associated with alginate productivity and taxonomic baseline data.
Selection of Soybean (Glycine max) Germplasm Against Biotrophic Fungi Disease Based on Anatomical Resistance Samiyarsih, Siti; Pratiwi, Ade Yuanita Putri; Muljowati, Juni Safitri; Fitrianto, Nur
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 12, No 3 (2020): December 2020
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v12i3.25109

Abstract

The obstacle to increasing the soybean production is an infection of rust disease caused by the biotrophic fungus, Phakopsora pachyrhizi. The research objectives were to determine the anatomical resistance and the level of resistance of soybean cultivars against rust disease. The embedding method for observed leaf structural anatomy. The disease severity based on the method of International Working Group on the Soybean Rust (IWGSR) rating system.  The experiment was arranged as a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with Factorial Pattern and five times repetition. The first factor was soybean cultivars, namely Gepak Kuning, Slamet, Tanggamus, and Wilis. The second factor was P. pachyrhizi inoculation with 0 uredospores/mL (uninoculated) and 104 uredospores/mL (inoculated). The results showed that the soybean cultivars that have thicker cuticle and epidermis, high trichomes and low stomatal density, and low of stomatal conductance have better anatomical resistance to leaf rust disease. Wilis and Slamet cultivars are resistant cultivars, indicated by disease intensity of 20% and 24.6%, respectively. While the Tanggamus is moderately resistant cultivar and Gepak Kuning is a susceptible cultivar, indicated by disease intensity of 56.5% and 85.3%, respectively. The novelty of selection soybean germplasm against biotrophic fungal disease are important and effectiveness in order to increase the crop productivity. These three soybean cultivars potentially serve as genetic sources to develop high yielding soybean cultivars and resistant to rust disease.