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Praktik Peracikan Puyer untuk Anak Penderita Tuberkulosis di Indonesia Selma Siahaan; Ully Adhie Mulyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional Vol. 8 No. 4 November 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (3665.369 KB) | DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v0i0.393

Abstract

Masih banyak ditemukan resep obat antituberkulosis anak dengan kombinasi beberapa obat dalam racikan puyer yang tidak sesuai standar program pemberantasan tuberkulosis (TB) paru Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui situasi dan permasalahan berhubungan praktik peresepan puyer sebagai obat anti tuberkulosis (OAT). Pada periode Mei hingga Desember tahun 2009, penelitian diawali dengan pengukuran persentase peracikan OAT dalam bentuk puyer, dilanjutkan dengan penelitian kualitatif eksploratif. Data dikumpulkan dari rumah sakit, puskesmas, apotek dan dinas kesehatan di Jakarta, Bandung, Medan, dan Makassar. Pada tiap fasilitas kesehatan, 30 sampel resep pengobatan diambil untuk pasien tuberkulosis anak usia 1 - 12 tahun. Kemudian dilakukan wawancara mendalam terhadap dokter anak, apoteker, keluarga pasien, dan pegawai dinas kesehatan yang terkait. Penelitian menemukan persentase peracikan OAT adalah 25% untuk campuran rifampicin dan isoniazid, dan 18% untuk campuran rifampicin, isoniazid, dan pyrazinamid. Semua informan menyadari bahwa praktik peracikan puyer tergolong pengobatan yang irasional, tetapi situasi yang mereka hadapi membuat mereka terus meresepkan dan membuat peracikan puyer. Ketersediaan fixed dose combination (FDC) yang rendah untuk OAT serta harga yang mahal menjadi alasan utama. Pemerintah dan organisasi profesi perlu meningkatkan pembinaan secara terus menerus kepada tenaga kesehatan berhubungan serta meningkatkan akses masyarakat terhadap FDC untuk tuberkulosis anak.There are still many practices of treating sick children with a mixture of several medicines for children suffering from tuberculosis, called it “puyer”. It is not following the standard from Ministry of Health. This study explored the complex situation dealing with the practice of compounded medicines. It was innitially by assessment the percentage of “puyer” prescription, and followed by the qualitative study, from May to December 2009. Data were collected from hospitals, primary health cares and pharmacies in Jakarta, Bandung, Medan, and Makassar. From every health cares facilities, 30 prescriptions were collected for children age 1 to 12 years old. Then, we conducted in-depth interviews with pediatricians, pharmacist, patients’ families and health officers about “puyer” prescription for children. The prevalence of prescription consists of “puyer” for children were 25% for isoniazid and rifampicin and 18% for isoniazid, pyrazinamid, and rifampicin. All informants knew “puyer” prescription is irrational, because the complex situation they faced they continued to give “puyer” to patients. Low availability and high price of fixed doses combination (FDC) are main reasons. The government and association of doctors/pharmacist should enforce discipline to their member to obey therapy standard. The government should improve access to FDC medicines for children suffering tuberculosis.
Laboratory preparedness to support the Covid-19 pandemic respond in Indonesia Ketut Aryastami; Harimat Hendarwan; Vivi Setiawaty; Amir Su'udi; Ully Adhie Mulyani; Made Dewi Susilawati; Syachroni Syachroni; Nelly Puspandari; Agus Suwandono
Health Science Journal of Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Sekretariat Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/hsji.v11i2.4089

Abstract

Latar belakang: Penyakit jenis baru COVID-19 yang disebabkan oleh virus corona menjadi sebuah pandemic di akhir tahun 2019. Kota Wuhan (China) merupakan lokasi pertama terdeteksinya kasus COVID-19. Tanpa adanya kecurigaan apapun penyakit ini dengan cepatnya menyebar ke seluruh dunia mengikuti alur mobilitas manusia. Dalam kondisi tersebut sistem kesehatan di setiap negara tampak kelabakan khususnya dalam pengendalian transmisi penyakit. Studi ini ingin mengidentifikasi kesiapan jejaring laboratorium kesehatan di Indonesia. Metode: Penilaian cepat dilakukan terhadap ketersediaan dan kesiapan laboratoriaum dalam pennanganan pandemi Covid-19. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengisian questioner yang dikirim secara elektronik. Waktu pelaksanaan adalah minggu ketiga dan keempat, Maret 2020. Terdapat 44 laboratorium jejaring laboratorium dibawah Kementerian Kesehatan yang menjadi subjek penelitian, dan sebanyak 33 yang merespon secara lengkap Variabel ketersediaan, kecukupan dan kebutuhan bahan dan alat. Hasil: Jejaring laboratorium kesehatan dibawah Kementerian Kesehatan sudah terbentuk sejak tahun 2009. Dengan terjadinya pandemic COVID-19 Surat Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan telah direvisi hingga dua kali agar dapat meningkatkan kapasitas dan memperluas jejaring ke seluruh wilayah NKRI. Hasil studi menunjukkan, laboratorium jejaring dibawah Kementerian Kesehatan belum siap dalam menghadapi pandemic COVID-19. Dua jenis laboratorium jejaring yaitu laboratorium surveillans maupun laboratorium diagnostic memiliki kondisi yang sama. Ketersediaan bahan dan alat laboratorium standar masih tergolong rata-rata, bahkan dari sisi kecukupannyapun masih jauh dibawah kapasitas kebutuhan dalam penanganan specimen COVID-19. Kondisi yang sama juga tampak untuk bahan pendukung laboratorium termasuk alat pelindung diri untuk petugas. Kesimpulan: Kesiapan laboratorium sebagai bagian dari system kesehatan dalam kondisi pandemic masih lemah. Keberadaan alat penunjang diagnose khususnya untuk penyakit menular harus dilengkapi sesuai dengann type laboratorium. Pandemi COVID-19 menjadi alarm dalam menghadapi era baru dan antisipasi masalah dimasa yang akan datang. Kata kunci: Kesiapan laboratorium, COVID-19, Indonesia Abstract Background: A novel coronavirus disease called COVID-19 has become pandemic in late 2019. Wuhan City was the first place detected as the source of the pandemic. Without suspicion, it spreads over the world, along with human mobility. In such a condition, every country seems quite stuttering to prepare its health system to prevent its people from the possible transmission. This paper aims to describe the preparedness of the networking laboratory in Indonesia. Methods: We conducted a rapid assessment of laboratory availability and preparedness to respond to the Covid-19 pandemic. We held the data collection on the third and fourth week of March 2020 by sending an electronic questionnaire to all 44 networking laboratories under the Ministry of Health structure. The variables assessed in this study were the availability and the requirements of the Covid-19 related laboratory's substances, including reagents and other equipment types. Results: The Ministry of Health established the networking laboratory in 2009, but due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it has renewed twice to enhance and expand the laboratory capacities over the country. Our studies showed preparedness among networking laboratories in Indonesia regarding this new emerging COVID-19 condition was quite devastating. Both surveillance and diagnostic laboratories have a similar situation. The availability of their primary materials was mediocre, but the adequacy was far beyond the capacity in handling the COVID-19 specimen. We found a similar case in the laboratory, supporting materials, and personal protective equipment (PPE). Conclusion: Laboratory preparedness during initial period of time of the COVID-19 pandemic as part of the health system is still weak. The availability of the necessary equipment, supporting materials, and personal protective equipment are far beyond the requirements. The COVID-19 has alarmed the laboratory and the whole health system in Indonesia into a new era with better future preparedness. Keywords: laboratory preparedness, COVID-19, Indonesia
PENGUKURAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS MENGGUNAKAN INSTRUMEN ST GEORGE RESPIRATORY QUESTIONNAIRE (SGRQ) DI YOGYAKARTA Hendrik Hendrik; Dyah Aryani Perwitasari; Ully Adhie Mulyani; Jarir At Thobari
Jurnal Ilmu Farmasi dan Farmasi Klinik Prosiding Seminar Nasional "Peluang Herbal Sebagai Alternative Medicine"
Publisher : Universitas Wahid Hasyim Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (128.95 KB) | DOI: 10.31942/jiffk.v0i0.1340

Abstract

ABSTRACT Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It typically affects the lungs but can affect other sites as well. TB disease could influence the TB patients’ quality of life such as psychology of health, physical function and the leading role in society. The purpose of this research is to measure the differed TB patients’ quality of life before and during the treatment using Indonesian version of St George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) instruments that have been validated. The research used a cross-sectional design conducted prospectively in 91 new patients diagnosed as lung TB in BP4 province of Yogyakarta in November 2013 until April 2015. Patients filled out the questionnaires, and its obtained Total Score values were analyzed with Friedman's test to understand the quality of life. The results from this research showed that the quality of life of TB patient before, and during the treatment differed significantly. The Total score on the first month treatment was 43.57% and the second until the sixth months treatment was 30.40%; 25.22%; 20.50%; 18.45% and 16.51% respectively (p<0.05). The worst of quality of life was occurred in the first month treatment as the initial period before the treatment and continues to improve until the sixth-month treatment. In conclusion, the quality of life TB patients’ before and during the treatment is more increasing. Key words: Tuberculosis, SGRQ, Quality of life.