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All Journal Jurnal Harpodon Borneo JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA EKOLOGIA : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkungan Hidup
Tjahjo Winanto, Tjahjo
Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science Mathematics

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Pengaruh Suhu dan Salinitas Terhadap Respon Fisiologi Larva Tiram Mutiara Pinctada maxima (Jameson) Winanto, Tjahjo; Soedharma, Dedi; Affandi, Ridwan; Sanusi, Harpasis S.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (247.755 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i1.3171

Abstract

ABSTRACTPENDAHULUANPinctada maxima adalah spesiesakuakultur yang mempunyai nilaiekonomi tinggi (Taylor et al. 1997). Dipasaran internasional, mutiara yangdiproduksi sering kali disebut dengannama “South Sea Pearl”. Indonesiatermasuk salah satu negara penghasilmutiara (South Sea Pearl) yang cukupdiskenal di pasaran dunia, sebagian besarproduksi South Sea Pearl yang dipasarkanberasal dari hasil budidaya (Anna2006). Produksi mutiara berbasisbudidaya merupakan aktivitas usaha yangmenguntungkan. Perkembangan usahabudidaya mutiara saat ini sudah mengarahpada kegiatan industri yang terintegrasi(Fassler 1995).The Effect of Temperature and Salinity to The Physiological Respons on The Larvae ofPinctada maxima (Jameson). Energy budget is one of the most sensitive tools available forindividual assessing environmental changes like temperature and salinity, and also prerequisitefor individual growth and survival. The aim of this study is to obtained information on energybudget on routine metabolism, in different levels of temperature and salinity, and to know thelevels of optimum temperature and salinity. The research was used randomized block design,with three replications. The result showed that optimal temperature and salinity on P. maximalarvae was 28 oC and 32 – 34 ‰ (BE and BF). Energy budget to routine metabolism increasedwas attributed to increased temperature and salinity due to the optimal, than would be decreasedwhen temperature and salinity increased. The highest of energy budged for routine metabolismat treatment BF. Stage I: energy budged between 6.73 – 7.35 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (28.18 –30.74 J g wet weight-1 hour-1); Stages II: 5.85 – 5.95 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (24.48 – 24.90 J g wetweight-1 hour-1); Stages III: 4.73 – 4.80 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (15.07– 19.58 J g wet weight-1hour-1). The highest survival rate of larvae was by treatment BF, but has not higher significant(P e” 0.05) with BE, stage I: survival rate between 87.75 – 87.92 %; Stage II: 81.91 – 82.39 % andstage III: 76.72 – 77.26 %. The best of relative growth length of larvae by treatment BF and notsignificant (P e” 0.05) with BE, at stage I: 29.78 x 17.93 ?m – 30.57 x 18.43 ?m (AP x DV); stageII: 57.62 x 46.73 ?m – 58.13 x 47.33 ?m and stage III: 80.32 x 69.29 ?m – 80.88 x 69.62 ?m. Thequickest time of plantigrade stages have found by treatment BF (day 19.50) and hasn’tsignificant (P > 0.05) with BE (day 20.85).Keywords: Pinctada maxima, larvae, response; physiology, metabolism.Kata kunci: Pinctada maxima, larvae, respon, fisiology, metabolisme.
Pengaruh Kedalaman Terhadap Proses Pelapisan Inti Bulat Pada Kerang Air Tawar (Anodonta woodiana) Rachman, Boedi; Winanto, Tjahjo; Maskur, Maskur; Sukmajaya, Yade
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (120.952 KB) | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i1.3172

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Effect of Depth to Deposition Process on Round Nucleus of Fresh Water Mussel (Anodontawoodiana). One of the affecting factors to the quality of pearl culture is the thickness of pearldepositions (nacre). The objective of this study was to obtain information on best level ofdepth to culture of pearl, to get fast nacre deposition and high quality of pearl. The researchwas conducted for 9 months, in the freshwater pond, was 300 m2 wide and 1 m deep. Freshwaterpearl Anodonta woodiana, sized ranging from 12 – 15 cm were studied. Completely randomizeddesign was used with levels of deep treatment (A) 30 cm; (B) 60 cm and (C) 90 cm. The resultshowed that best thickness of pearl deposition by 90 cm deep (1.30 mm) but hasn’t biggestsignificant (P>0.05) to the deep of 60 cm (1.10 mm) and biggest significant (P< 0.05) to the deepof 30 cm (0.70 mm). The result of implantation was followed that 30, 60 and 90 cm deep were 11.9%; 12.2 %; 12.0 %, whereas survival rate was followed 79.2 %; 79 % and 78.7 %.Keywords: Freshwater mussel; Anodonta woodiana; effect; level of deepKata kunci: Kerang air tawar, Anodonta, woodiana, kedalaman laut
APLIKASI AMONIUM HIDROKSIDA (NH4OH) SEBAGAI TRIGGER PEMIJAHAN TIRAM MUTIARA Pinctada maxima (JAMESON) Winanto, Tjahjo
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Publisher : Fakultas Matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Pakuan.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (235.428 KB)

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dosis larutan NH4OH yang optimum dan posisi injeksi yang tepat sehingga dapat menjadi pemicu (trigger) pemijahan induk tiram mutiara Pinctada maxima (Jameson). Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (Faktorial-RAL), dengan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu (I) Posisi Injeksi dan (II) Dosis larutan NH4OH. Faktor I terdiri dari 4 taraf faktor yaitu posisi injeksi di bagian (A) Otot aduktor, (B) Pangkal kaki, (C) Gonad dan (D) Tidak diinjeksi (kontrol). Faktor II terdiri dari 3 taraf faktor yaitu dosis (E) 0,5 ml, (F) 1,0 ml dan (G) 1,5 ml. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa dosis larutan NH4OH yang optimum untuk memicu (trigger) pemijahan induk tiram mutiara Pinctada maxima (Jameson) adalah 0,5-1,0 ml dengan posisi injeksi terbaik di bagian pangkal kaki. Kata kunci : Pearl oyster Pinctada maxima; amonium hidroksida (NH4OH); spawning
RASIO PERTUMBUHAN RUMPUT LAUT Gracilaria sp PADA SKALA LABORATORIUM DAN LAPANG DI TAMBAK SILVOFISHERY Dewi, Rose; Winanto, Tjahjo
Jurnal Harpodon Borneo Vol 6, No 1 (2013): Volume 6 No 1 April 2013
Publisher : Jurnal Harpodon Borneo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.666 KB) | DOI: 10.35334/harpodon.v6i1.11

Abstract

Penurunan kualitas perairan pada tambak Silvofishery disebabkan kepadatan biota budidaya yang terlalu tinggi dan adanya kelebiha pemberian pakan. Upaya penanggulangan permasalahan untuk meminimalisir kondisi tersebut dilakukan usaha  teknologi biofilter menggunakan rumput Gracilaria sp (Rhodophyta). Untuk dapat mengoptimalkan teknis monitoring pada setiap tahapan budidaya, maka dibandingkan dengan skala laboratoris. Perlakuan penelitian skala laboratorium (A), sedangkan perlakuan di skala lapang (Perlakuan B) dilakukan di tambak Silvofishery, dengan ketentuan umur serta ukuran biota budidaya yang sama. Gracilaria sp yang ditanam dengan metode lepas dasar (bottom method). Monitoring dilakukan selama masa pemeliharaan 60 hari,  dilakukan pengamatan terhadap pertumbuhan rumput laut (biomassa basah).  Analisis data pertumbuhan menggunakan uji T-student. Hasil pertumbuhan Gracilaria sp, rata-rata per 15 hari menunjukkan bahwa pertambahan berat berbeda nyata antar perlakuan (P £ 0,05), yang dipengaruhi oleh respon proses fotosintesis dan penyerapan kandungan Nitrogen (ammonia, nitrat dan nitrit). Pertumbuhan Gracilaria sp lebih tinggi dalam skala laboratoris mencapai 28 gram dibandingkan di lapang pada area tambak silvofishery 24,78 gram.
PENGARUH KEDALAMAN TERHADAP PROSES PELAPISAN INTI BULAT PADA KERANG AIR TAWAR (ANODONTA WOODIANA) Rachman, Boedi; Winanto, Tjahjo; Maskur, Maskur; Sukmajaya, Yade
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i1.3172

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe Effect of Depth to Deposition Process on Round Nucleus of Fresh Water Mussel (Anodontawoodiana). One of the affecting factors to the quality of pearl culture is the thickness of pearldepositions (nacre). The objective of this study was to obtain information on best level ofdepth to culture of pearl, to get fast nacre deposition and high quality of pearl. The researchwas conducted for 9 months, in the freshwater pond, was 300 m2 wide and 1 m deep. Freshwaterpearl Anodonta woodiana, sized ranging from 12 ? 15 cm were studied. Completely randomizeddesign was used with levels of deep treatment (A) 30 cm; (B) 60 cm and (C) 90 cm. The resultshowed that best thickness of pearl deposition by 90 cm deep (1.30 mm) but hasn?t biggestsignificant (P>0.05) to the deep of 60 cm (1.10 mm) and biggest significant (P< 0.05) to the deepof 30 cm (0.70 mm). The result of implantation was followed that 30, 60 and 90 cm deep were 11.9%; 12.2 %; 12.0 %, whereas survival rate was followed 79.2 %; 79 % and 78.7 %.Keywords: Freshwater mussel; Anodonta woodiana; effect; level of deepKata kunci: Kerang air tawar, Anodonta, woodiana, kedalaman laut
PENGARUH SUHU DAN SALINITAS TERHADAP RESPON FISIOLOGI LARVA TIRAM MUTIARA PINCTADA MAXIMA (JAMESON) Winanto, Tjahjo; Soedharma, Dedi; Affandi, Ridwan; Sanusi, Harpasis S.
JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA Vol 6, No 1 (2009): JURNAL BIOLOGI INDONESIA
Publisher : Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jbi.v6i1.3171

Abstract

ABSTRACTPENDAHULUANPinctada maxima adalah spesiesakuakultur yang mempunyai nilaiekonomi tinggi (Taylor et al. 1997). Dipasaran internasional, mutiara yangdiproduksi sering kali disebut dengannama ?South Sea Pearl?. Indonesiatermasuk salah satu negara penghasilmutiara (South Sea Pearl) yang cukupdiskenal di pasaran dunia, sebagian besarproduksi South Sea Pearl yang dipasarkanberasal dari hasil budidaya (Anna2006). Produksi mutiara berbasisbudidaya merupakan aktivitas usaha yangmenguntungkan. Perkembangan usahabudidaya mutiara saat ini sudah mengarahpada kegiatan industri yang terintegrasi(Fassler 1995).The Effect of Temperature and Salinity to The Physiological Respons on The Larvae ofPinctada maxima (Jameson). Energy budget is one of the most sensitive tools available forindividual assessing environmental changes like temperature and salinity, and also prerequisitefor individual growth and survival. The aim of this study is to obtained information on energybudget on routine metabolism, in different levels of temperature and salinity, and to know thelevels of optimum temperature and salinity. The research was used randomized block design,with three replications. The result showed that optimal temperature and salinity on P. maximalarvae was 28 oC and 32 ? 34 ? (BE and BF). Energy budget to routine metabolism increasedwas attributed to increased temperature and salinity due to the optimal, than would be decreasedwhen temperature and salinity increased. The highest of energy budged for routine metabolismat treatment BF. Stage I: energy budged between 6.73 ? 7.35 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (28.18 ?30.74 J g wet weight-1 hour-1); Stages II: 5.85 ? 5.95 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (24.48 ? 24.90 J g wetweight-1 hour-1); Stages III: 4.73 ? 4.80 C g wet weight-1 hour-1 (15.07? 19.58 J g wet weight-1hour-1). The highest survival rate of larvae was by treatment BF, but has not higher significant(P e? 0.05) with BE, stage I: survival rate between 87.75 ? 87.92 %; Stage II: 81.91 ? 82.39 % andstage III: 76.72 ? 77.26 %. The best of relative growth length of larvae by treatment BF and notsignificant (P e? 0.05) with BE, at stage I: 29.78 x 17.93 ?m ? 30.57 x 18.43 ?m (AP x DV); stageII: 57.62 x 46.73 ?m ? 58.13 x 47.33 ?m and stage III: 80.32 x 69.29 ?m ? 80.88 x 69.62 ?m. Thequickest time of plantigrade stages have found by treatment BF (day 19.50) and hasn?tsignificant (P > 0.05) with BE (day 20.85).Keywords: Pinctada maxima, larvae, response; physiology, metabolism.Kata kunci: Pinctada maxima, larvae, respon, fisiology, metabolisme.
Co-Authors Boedi Rachman DEDI SOEDHARMA Harpasis S. Sanusi Maskur Maskur RIDWAN AFFANDI Rose Dewi Sukmajaya, Yade Sukmajaya, Yade