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All Journal ETNOREFLIKA: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Journal Idea of History
Radiatul Adawiyah
Universitas Andalas
Religion Arts Humanities Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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NAN TERPENCIL, TERASING, TERTINGGAL, TERLUAR, TERMARGINALKAN: Desa Matotonan di Jantung Pedalaman Pulau Siberut Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai 2000-2020 Zaiyardam Zubir; Armansyah; Radiatul Adawiyah; Annisa Ardhia Pramesti
Journal Idea of History Vol 5 No 2 (2022): Volume 5 Nomor 2, Juli - Desember 2022
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Sejarah Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33772/history.v5i2.1875

Abstract

Desa Matotonan di Pulau Siberut Kabupaten Kepulauan Mentawai merupakan wilayah yang tergolong Komunitas Adat Terpencil (KAT). Masalah infrastruktur menjadi fenomena sendiri dalam masyarakat di desa tersebut. Tradisi hidup secara nomaden membuat masyarakat berada pada posisi yang tertinggal, homogen, terpencar dan geografis yang sulit dijangkau. Terkait dengan hal tersebut penelitian ini membahas tentang budaya yang berkembang dalam masyarakat Desa Matotonan beserta cara mereka bertahan hidup. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni multidimensional approach yaitu dengan menggunakan teori-teori ilmu sosial lainnya seperti sejarah antropologi, politik dan sosiologi (Kartodirdjo,1993). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara ekonomi, kehidupan mereka sangat orisinil dengan mata pencaharian berburu, bercocok tanam (sagu) dan mereka tinggal di huma. Makanan utama adalah sagu, ubi dan pisang. Ekonomi mereka sangat tergantung kepada alam dan terbatas. Untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup, mereka mencari jalan lain, terutama merantau meninggalkan Matotonan. Dalam kondisi ekonomi yang tidak jelas, anak-anak Matotonan pergi meninggalkan desa mereka yang nyaman di pedalaman Siberut untuk pergi sekolah. Kekurangan biaya dan ketidakpastian masa depan mereka hadapi untuk sebuah asa yang lebih baik.
Perampasan Tanah dan Perlawanan Petani: Dampak Perkebunan Sawit terhadap Kehidupan Masyarakat di Pasaman Barat Tahun 1980-2022 Radiatul Adawiyah; Zaiyardam Zubir; Hary Efendi
ETNOREFLIKA: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2024): Volume 13 Issue 1, February 2024
Publisher : Laboratorium Jurusan Antropologi, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Halu Oleo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33772/etnoreflika.v13i1.2429

Abstract

This research examines "Land Grabbing and Farmer Resistance: The Impact of Oil Palm Plantations on People’s Life in West Pasaman during 1980-2022". Forests belonging to indigenous peoples encountered land grabbing and conversion into oil palm plantations. Land grabbing is a common phenomenon in West Pasaman.  The purpose of this research are  to find out the pattern of land ownership in West Pasaman from 1980-2022, strategy of land grabbing, the resistance of oil palm farmers, Fourthly, and the impact of the widespread land grabbing activities on oil palm plantations in West Pasaman. This research used a multidimensional approach. For this reason, social science theories such as economics, anthropology and sociology were used to explain the subject matter. This method strategy is important to be able to analyze the research topic more comprehensively. The method used was historical method including heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography.  The result of research shows that the expansion of oil palm plantations is putatively more than 70% of land in West Pasaman controlled by large companies, while the rest of 30% is for the people in West Pasaman. Large plantations did land acquisition successfully in various ways such as buying land, cooperation with traditional leaders, and land grabbing. The land grabbing results in various effects: people losing their land, displaced communities, poverty, no place to stand and farmer resistance. In conclusion, the expansion of oil palm plantations has generated various conflicts within community. The main sources of conflict are land grabbing and socio-economic inequality in the community. This then led to the farmer’s resistance against the rulers and entrepreneurs of oil palm plantations.
Co-Authors Annisa Ardhia Pramesti Armansyah Hary Efendi zaiyardam zaiyardam