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PERSEPSI IBU TERHADAP KETERLIBATAN AYAH DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK USIA DINI Teti Soge, Ellesa Margareth; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Thoomaszen, Friandry Windisany; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah Vol 8, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Peran ayah dalam rumah tangga di Indonesia selama ini jauh dari aktivitas merawat dan mendidik anaknya yang masih berusia dini. Keseimbangan peran ayah dan ibu dalam mengasuh anak usia dini (AUD) memiliki sumbangsih penting dalam perkembangan anak secara holistik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mengetahui persepsi ibu terhadap keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan AUD di Kota Kupang, 2) untuk mengetahui upaya para ibu dalam melibatkan ayah atau mendukung terhadap keterlibatan pengasuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah lima orang ibu yang berdomisili di Kota Kupang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, terlihat bahwa ibu merasa tugas pengasuhan anak adalah tugas besar ibu. Tugas ayah adalah bukan untuk mengasuh anak melainkan mencari nafkah. Waktu yang dihabiskan ayah untuk bersama-sama dengan anak masih sangat kurang. Kurangnya kerjasama serta pemahaman ibu dan ayah dalam pengasuhan anak juga melatarbelakangi minimnya peran ayah dalam pengasuhan. Dukungan dari ibu terhadap ayah yang berkaitan dengan pengasuhan sangat diperlukan untuk perkembangan yang seimbang.Fatherâs role in household in Indonesia up to now is still far from nurturing and educating their young children. Balance of role between father and mother in raising young children has important contribution in childâs development holistically. This researchâs goals are: 1) to understand motherâs perception to fatherâs involvement in parenting young children in Kupang City: and 2) to know motherâs efforts in involving father or in supporting them to be involved in parenting. This research was done in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Method used was qualitative with descriptive approach. Participants were five mothers resided in Kupang City. Data collection techniques were interview and observation. Results showed that mothers felt that parenting is a big duty for them. Fatherâs role is not to parenting their children but instead to earn a living. Time spent by fathers to be with their children was still lacking. The lack of cooperation and also fatherâs and motherâs awareness in child parenting were also serves as cause of the the lack of fathersâ role in parenting. Support from mother to father that is related with parenting is needed for a balanced development process.

POLA ASUH KERAS PADA AYAH DARI ANAK USIA DINI: STUDI DESKRIPTIF Tea, Maria Erista; Thoomaszen, Friandry Windisany; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Maret 2016
Publisher : Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Kasus kekerasan kepada anak yang terjadi di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur terbilang tidak sedikit. Perilaku ini banyak dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh yang bertumpu pada pemberian hukuman terutama oleh ayah. Pola asuh keras adalah bentuk pola asuh yang saat bentuk agresi dari orang tua ke anak yang bertujuan untuk menghukum perilaku anak, juga menyebabkan anak mengalami rasa sakit atau tidak nyaman. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pola asuh keras dari ayah di Kota Kupang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan accidental sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Partisipan penelitian adalah 159 orang ayah yang memiliki anak usia dini. Data dijabarkan secara deskriptif dan ditabulasi silang dengan data demografik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ayah di Kota Kupang memiliki perilaku terkait pola asuh keras yang berada dalam tingkatan sedang dari lima tingkatan dengan persentase 36,47%. Beberapa pola sebaran data dijelaskan di penelitian ini. Keadaan Kota Kupang yang sedang diprogramkan untuk menjadi Kota Layak Anak membuat kesadaran orangtua terutama ayah semakin bertambah untuk menjauhi pola asuh keras yang dapat berujung ke kekerasan pada anak usia dini.Child violence cases happened in East Nusa Tenggara province are more than just a few. These behaviours are influenced by parenting that relies on punishment especially from father. Harsh parenting is a form of parenting when an agression from parent to child that has objective of punishing childâs behaviour, also resulted in pain and discomfort in the child. This studyâs objective was to describe the pattern of harsh parenting from fathers in Kupang City. Method used was quantitative descriptive with accidental sampling as the sampling technique. Participants were 159 fathers who have young child. Data were descriptively briefed and cross tabulated with demographic factors. The results showed that fathers in Kupang City have moderate level of harsh parenting from total five levels, with percentage of 36,47%. Some data distributionâs patterns were explained in this research. Kupang City as a city that is being programmed as a child-friendly city made parentsâ awareness especially fathers to increase, in order to avoid harsh parenting practices that could leads to violence to young children.

DESCRIPTION OF PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY IN EAST NUSA TENGGARA Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Ngawas, Kresensia Wea Aga; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara (KPIN)

Abstract — World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund have stated in year 2012 that one of their global agenda is to fulfill the needs of inclusive Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) to increase the participation and development of young children with disabilities. One of important things for the agenda are understanding various special needs of young children with various kind of mental disability, such as mental retardation or nowadays known as intellectual disability. This research aims to narratively describe the prosocial behaviors of a young child with intellectual disability in special school of Pembina Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. This research used qualitative approach with child observation and interview to the parents as the main technique to gather data. This research shows that prosocial behaviors in young children with intellectual disability are divided into four aspects, those are: a) the ability to join groups, b) supportive acts, c) empathy and caring, and d) self-adjustment. These behaviors were shown in the child’s daily activities, her habits, affected by the culture and daily activities of her parents and siblings, and also by the interaction with her friends and family. This research could give important information about the importance of managing the social interaction in inclusive ECCD by putting emphasis in four aspects described above, and also the role of parents and ECCD tutors in facilitating activities that could help stimulate specific needs of social skills in young children with intellectual disability. Abstrak — World Health Organization dan United Nations Children’s Fund telah menyatakan pada tahun 2012 bahwa agenda global mereka adalah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (PAUD) inklusif, salah satunya untuk meningkatkan partisipasi dan perkembangan anak-anak dengan disabilitas. Salah satu hal penting untuk agenda ini adalah pemahaman terhadap berbagai kebutuhan khusus anak-anak dengan berbagai jenis disabilitas mental, seperti retardasi mental atau saat ini dikenal sebagai disabilitas intelektual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan secara naratif mengenai perilaku prososial anak muda dengan disabilitas intelektual di sekolah khusus Pembina Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan observasi pada anak dan wawancara dengan orangtua, sebagai teknik utama untuk mengumpulkan data. Penelitian ini mendapatkan bahwa perilaku prososial pada anak-anak dengan disabilitas intelektual dibagi menjadi empat aspek, yaitu: a) kemampuan untuk bergabung dengan grup, b) tindakan yang mendukung perilaku prososial, c) empati dan peduli, serta d) penyesuaian diri. Perilaku ini ditunjukkan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari anak, kebiasaannya, dipengaruhi oleh budaya dan kegiatan sehari-hari dari orangtua dan saudaranya, juga oleh interaksi dengan teman-teman dan keluarganya. Penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi penting tentang pengelolaan interaksi sosial dalam PAUD inklusif dengan menempatkan penekanan dalam empat aspek yang dijelaskan di atas, dan juga peran orangtua dan pengajar PAUD dalam kegiatan yang bisa membantu merangsang kebutuhan spesifik dari keterampilan sosial pada anak-anak dengan disabilitas intelektual.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS IN YOUNG CHILDREN WITH EMOTIONAL DISORDER IN KUPANG Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Halla, Oktovianus; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Vol 3, No 1 (2016): Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara (KPIN)

Abstract — Young children with disabilities are a group that is prone to stigma and discrimination. Therefore, World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund declared a global agenda in 2012 to address the needs of inclusive ECCD to improve the participation and development of young children with disabilities. In respond to that agenda, it is crucial to understand the particular needs of young children with emotional disorder such as their communication ability, before they can be included into inclusive ECCD service. This research aims to describe the communication skills of young child with emotional disorder in Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. The participant in this study showed insignificant performance in verbal communication skills like linguistic content, structures and the use of language. Meanwhile in non verbal communication skills such as face expression, body gesture and hand gesture, the child showed considerable performance. The research method used qualitative method, which is direct observation to the child and interview to the subject’s parents. Parents and ECCD tutors should consider to set a communication-stimulating relationship in house and ECCD post to support the verbal skills development. The result of this study can give impact in the development of inclusive ECCD science in East Nusa Tenggara, also to aid future research in inventing best practice models in the field. Abstrak — Anak-anak penyandang disabilitas merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap stigma dan diskriminasi. Oleh karena itu, World Health Organization dan United Nations Children’s Fund menyatakan suatu agenda global pada tahun 2012 dengan tujuan untuk menangani kebutuhan PAUD inklusif, terutama pada peningkatan partisipasi dan perkembangan kebutuhan tersebut pada anak-anak penyandang cacat. Menanggapi agenda itu, hal pertama yang diperlukan adalah pemahaman akan kebutuhan pada anak-anak berkebutuhan khusus, salah satunya anak dengan gangguan emosional, seperti pemahaman akan kemampuan komunikasi mereka, sebelum mereka dimasukkan ke dalam layanan inklusif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran komunikasi anak-anak dengan gangguan emosional di Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan kinerja yang tidak signifikan pada keterampilan komunikasi verbal seperti konten linguistik, struktur, dan penggunaan bahasa. Sementara itu dalam keterampilan komunikasi non-verbal seperti ekspresi wajah, gerakan tubuh, dan gerakan tangan, anak menunjukkan kinerja yang cukup. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, dengan metode pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi langsung ke subjek dan wawancara kepada orangtua subjek. Orangtua dan guru PAUD harus mempertimbangkan untuk mengatur stimulus-stimulus yang berhubungan dengan pelatihan komunikasi di rumah dan setelah PAUD untuk mendukung pengembangan kemampuan verbal. Hasil penelitian ini bisa memberikan dampak dalam pengembangan wawasan pada PAUD inklusif di Nusa Tenggara Timur, juga untuk membantu penelitian di masa depan dalam menciptakan model-model praktis terbaik di lapangan.

MOTIF, DAMPAK PSIKOLOGIS, DAN DUKUNGAN PADA KORBAN PERDAGANGAN MANUSIA DI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR Kiling, Indra Yohanes; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat (Forthcoming)
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara (KPIN)

Abstract – Female adults in East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur; NTT) are at risk to be victims of national and international human trafficking. This research describes the motives, psychological impacts, and supports perceived by adult female victims from NTT. Qualitative approach was applied with thematic analysis as the analysis method. Participants were five victims of human trafficking aged between 21 – 37 years old who have returned to NTT. It was found that participants were motivated to worked outside NTT due to economical, familial, and social reasons, while some other participants also reported being forced to work abroad. The perceived psychological impacts were maladaptive behaviors, deep sadness, helplessness, and being ashamed by stigma associated with being victims. Supports that were positively meaningful were the opportunity to share with other victims and to have a counseling sessions with mental health practitioners. Initiative to improve mental health services is indispensable as a base to combat human trafficking and to support victims.Abstrak — Wanita dewasa di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) rentan terhadap kejahatan perdagangan manusia, baik dalam skala nasional maupun internasional. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan tentang motif, dampak psikologis, dan dukungan yang dipersepsi oleh wanita dewasa dari NTT yang berhasil bertahan hidup dari pengalaman menjadi korban perdagangan manusia. Pendekatan kualitatif diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini, dengan analisis tematik sebagai teknik analisis. Partisipan adalah lima orang wanita berusia antara 21–37 tahun yang dijadikan pekerja ilegal di luar NTT dan telah kembali ke NTT. Ditemukan bahwa motif yang mendorong partisipan untuk bekerja di luar NTT adalah motif ekonomi, keluarga, sosial, dan paksaan. Dampak psikologis yang dialami adalah perilaku maladaptif, rasa sedih yang mendalam dan tak berdaya, serta rasa malu oleh stigma. Dukungan yang dimaknai secara positif adalah kesempatan untuk berbagi semangat dengan sesama korban dan sesi konseling dengan praktisi kesehatan mental. Inisiatif untuk meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan mental sangat dibutuhkan sebagai dasar untuk melawan perdagangan manusia dan untuk mendukung korban.

PERSEPSI IBU TERHADAP KETERLIBATAN AYAH DALAM PENGASUHAN ANAK USIA DINI Teti Soge, Ellesa Margareth; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Thoomaszen, Friandry Windisany; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah Vol 8, No 2 (2016): Juli 2016
Publisher : Jurusan Psikologi, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/intuisi.v8i2.8617

Peran ayah dalam rumah tangga di Indonesia selama ini jauh dari aktivitas merawat dan mendidik anaknya yang masih berusia dini. Keseimbangan peran ayah dan ibu dalam mengasuh anak usia dini (AUD) memiliki sumbangsih penting dalam perkembangan anak secara holistik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mengetahui persepsi ibu terhadap keterlibatan ayah dalam pengasuhan AUD di Kota Kupang, 2) untuk mengetahui upaya para ibu dalam melibatkan ayah atau mendukung terhadap keterlibatan pengasuhan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kota Kupang, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah lima orang ibu yang berdomisili di Kota Kupang. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode wawancara dan observasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, terlihat bahwa ibu merasa tugas pengasuhan anak adalah tugas besar ibu. Tugas ayah adalah bukan untuk mengasuh anak melainkan mencari nafkah. Waktu yang dihabiskan ayah untuk bersama-sama dengan anak masih sangat kurang. Kurangnya kerjasama serta pemahaman ibu dan ayah dalam pengasuhan anak juga melatarbelakangi minimnya peran ayah dalam pengasuhan. Dukungan dari ibu terhadap ayah yang berkaitan dengan pengasuhan sangat diperlukan untuk perkembangan yang seimbang.Fatherâ€™s role in household in Indonesia up to now is still far from nurturing and educating their young children. Balance of role between father and mother in raising young children has important contribution in childâ€™s development holistically. This researchâ€™s goals are: 1) to understand motherâ€™s perception to fatherâ€™s involvement in parenting young children in Kupang City: and 2) to know motherâ€™s efforts in involving father or in supporting them to be involved in parenting. This research was done in Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Method used was qualitative with descriptive approach. Participants were five mothers resided in Kupang City. Data collection techniques were interview and observation. Results showed that mothers felt that parenting is a big duty for them. Fatherâ€™s role is not to parenting their children but instead to earn a living. Time spent by fathers to be with their children was still lacking. The lack of cooperation and also fatherâ€™s and motherâ€™s awareness in child parenting were also serves as cause of the the lack of fathersâ€™ role in parenting. Support from mother to father that is related with parenting is needed for a balanced development process.

POLA ASUH KERAS PADA AYAH DARI ANAK USIA DINI: STUDI DESKRIPTIF Tea, Maria Erista; Thoomaszen, Friandry Windisany; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Intuisi : Jurnal Psikologi Ilmiah Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Maret 2016
Publisher : Jurusan Psikologi, Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/intuisi.v8i1.8551

Kasus kekerasan kepada anak yang terjadi di provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur terbilang tidak sedikit. Perilaku ini banyak dipengaruhi oleh pola asuh yang bertumpu pada pemberian hukuman terutama oleh ayah. Pola asuh keras adalah bentuk pola asuh yang saat bentuk agresi dari orang tua ke anak yang bertujuan untuk menghukum perilaku anak, juga menyebabkan anak mengalami rasa sakit atau tidak nyaman. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang pola asuh keras dari ayah di Kota Kupang. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan accidental sampling sebagai teknik pengambilan sampel. Partisipan penelitian adalah 159 orang ayah yang memiliki anak usia dini. Data dijabarkan secara deskriptif dan ditabulasi silang dengan data demografik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ayah di Kota Kupang memiliki perilaku terkait pola asuh keras yang berada dalam tingkatan sedang dari lima tingkatan dengan persentase 36,47%. Beberapa pola sebaran data dijelaskan di penelitian ini. Keadaan Kota Kupang yang sedang diprogramkan untuk menjadi Kota Layak Anak membuat kesadaran orangtua terutama ayah semakin bertambah untuk menjauhi pola asuh keras yang dapat berujung ke kekerasan pada anak usia dini.Child violence cases happened in East Nusa Tenggara province are more than just a few. These behaviours are influenced by parenting that relies on punishment especially from father. Harsh parenting is a form of parenting when an agression from parent to child that has objective of punishing childâ€™s behaviour, also resulted in pain and discomfort in the child. This studyâ€™s objective was to describe the pattern of harsh parenting from fathers in Kupang City. Method used was quantitative descriptive with accidental sampling as the sampling technique. Participants were 159 fathers who have young child. Data were descriptively briefed and cross tabulated with demographic factors. The results showed that fathers in Kupang City have moderate level of harsh parenting from total five levels, with percentage of 36,47%. Some data distributionâ€™s patterns were explained in this research. Kupang City as a city that is being programmed as a child-friendly city made parentsâ€™ awareness especially fathers to increase, in order to avoid harsh parenting practices that could leads to violence to young children.

Deskripsi perilaku prososial pada anak-anak muda dengan cacat intelektual di Nusa Tenggara Timur Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Ngawas, Kresensia Wea Aga; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Vol 3 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24854/jpu45

World Health Organization and United Nations Childrenâ€™s Fund havestated in year 2012 that one of their global agenda is to fulfill the needs of inclusive Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD) to increase the participation and development of young children with disabilities. One of important things for the agenda are understanding various special needs of young children with various kind of mental disability, such as mental retardation or nowadays known as intellectual disability. This research aims to narratively describe the prosocial behaviors of a young child with intellectual disability in special school of Pembina Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. This research used qualitative approach with child observation and interview to the parents as the main technique to gather data. This research shows that prosocial behaviors in young children with intellectual disability are divided into four aspects, those are: a) the ability to join groups, b) supportive acts, c) empathy and caring, and d) self-adjustment. These behaviors were shown in the childâ€™s dailyactivities, her habits, affected by the culture and daily activities of her parents and siblings, and also by the interaction with her friends and family. This research could give important information about the importance of managing the social interaction in inclusive ECCD by putting emphasis in four aspects described above, and also the role of parents and ECCD tutors in facilitating activities that could help stimulate specific needs of social skills in young children with intellectual disability.

Keterampilan komunikasi pada anak-anak muda dengan gangguan emosi di Kupang Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti; Halla, Oktovianus; Kiling, Indra Yohanes
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Vol 3 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24854/jpu48

Young children with disabilities are a group that is prone to stigma anddiscrimination. Therefore, World Health Organization and United Nations Childrenâ€™sFund declared a global agenda in 2012 to address the needs of inclusive ECCD to improve the participation and development of young children with disabilities. In respond to that agenda, it is crucial to understand the particular needs of young children with emotional disorder such as their communication ability, before they can be included into inclusive ECCD service. This research aims to describe the communication skills of young child with emotional disorder in Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur. The participant in this study showed insignificant performance in verbal communication skills like linguistic content, structures and the use of language. Meanwhile in non verbal communication skills such as face expression, body gesture and hand gesture, the child showed considerable performance. The research method used qualitative method, which is direct observation to the child and interview to thesubjectâ€™s parents. Parents and ECCD tutors should consider to set a communication- stimulating relationship in house and ECCD post to support the verbal skills development. The result of this study can give impact in the development of inclusive ECCD science in East Nusa Tenggara, also to aid future research in inventing best practice models in the field.

Motif, dampak psikologis, dan dukungan pada korban perdagangan manusia di Nusa Tenggara Timur Kiling, Indra Yohanes; Kiling-Bunga, Beatriks Novianti
Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat: Indonesian Journal of Indigenous Psychology Vol 6 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Konsorsium Psikologi Ilmiah Nusantara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24854/jpu88

Female adults in East Nusa Tenggara (Nusa Tenggara Timur; NTT) are at risk to be victims of national and international human trafficking. This research describes the motives, psychological impacts, and supports perceived by adult female victims from NTT. Qualitative approach was applied with thematic analysis as the analysis method. Participants were five victims of human trafficking aged between 21 â€“ 37 years old who have returned to NTT. It was found that participants were motivated to worked outside NTT due to economical, familial, and social reasons, while some other participants also reported being forced to work abroad. The perceived psychological impacts were maladaptive behaviors, deep sadness, helplessness, and being ashamed by stigma associated with being victims. Supports that were positively meaningful were the opportunity to share with other victims and to have a counseling sessions with mental health practitioners. Initiative to improve mental health services is indispensable as a base to combat human trafficking and to support victims.

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