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Insan Wijaya
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PENGUJIAN MUTU PERKECAMBAHAN DAN BIBIT TIGA JENIS KOPI (Coffea sp.) PADA BEBERAPA KOMBINASI TEKNIK PEMATAHAN DORMANSI Yudha Hermawan; Bejo Suroso; Insan Wijaya; Ari Wibowo
Agrika Vol 17, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Universitas Widyagama Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31328/ja.v17i1.4581

Abstract

ABSTRAK Tanaman kopi (Coffea sp.) menjadi komoditas ekspor unggulan yang dilestarikan oleh Indonesia karena memiliki nilai ekonomis bernilai tinggi di pasaran dunia. Saat proses budidaya kopi sering terjadi pada biji yang mengalami dormansi atau masa istirahat sehingga sulit dapat berkecambah meskipun ditempatkan pada situasi yang ideal. Perlu dilakukan pemberian perlakuan teknik pemecahan dormasi untuk mempercepat proses perkecambahan. Penelitian bertempat di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Tanaman Puslitkoka. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertaman tiga jenis kopi (Coffea sp.) terdiri dari J1 (Arabika), J2 (Robusta), J3 (Liberika).Faktor kedua adalah beberapa kombinasi teknik pematahan dormansi T0 (kontrol), T1 (Giberelin 100 ppm), T2 (Suhu 40ºC + Giberelin 100 ppm), T3 (H2SO4 + giberelin 100 ppm), T4 (KNO3 + Giberelin 100 ppm). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Interaksi jenis benih kopi dan teknik pematahan dormansi berpengaruh nyata terhadap waktu perkecambahan dan indeks vigor benih, tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata pada indeks mutu bibit kopi. Perlakuan J1T4 (kopi Arabika yang diberi perlakuan KNO3 + giberelin 100 ppm) merupakan perlakuan terbaik pada parameter waktu perkecambahan dan indeks vigor benih, berturut-turut sebesar 4,8 hari dan 614,0.  Indeks mutu bibit kopi Liberika (J3) memiliki nilai tertinggi yaitu 0,034 sedangkan terendah pada kopi Arabika (J1) yaitu 0,016.  ABSTRACT The coffee plant (Coffea sp.) is a leading export commodity which is conserved by Indonesia because it has high economic value in the world market. During the coffee cultivation process, seeds often experience dormancy or a resting period, making it difficult to germinate even if placed in an ideal situation. It is necessary to give dormancy breaking technique treatment to speed up the germination process. The research took place at the Puslitkoka Plant Breeding Laboratory. The study used a Completely Randomized Factorial Design (RALF) which consisted of 2 factors. The first factor was three types of coffee (Coffea sp.) consisting of J1 (Arabika), J2 (Robusta), J3 (Liberika). The second factor was several combinations of dormancy breaking techniques T0 (control), T1 (Giberelin 100 ppm), T2 (temperature 40ºC + Gibberellin 100 ppm), T3 (H2SO4 + gibberellin 100 ppm), T4 (KNO3 + Gibberellin 100 ppm). The results showed that the interaction between coffee seed types and dormancy breaking techniques had a significant effect on germination time and seed vigor index, but had no significant effect on coffee seedling quality index. The J1T4 treatment (Arabica coffee treated with KNO3 + gibberellin 100 ppm) was the best treatment in terms of germination time and seed vigor index parameters, respectively 4.8 days and 614.0. The Liberika coffee seed quality index (J3) has the highest value, namely 0.034, while the lowest is for Arabica coffee (J1), namely 0.016.
RESPON BENIH JAGUNG (Zea mays L.) KADALUARSA TERHADAP INVIGORASI DENGAN GA3 dan KNO3 Udkhulis Silmy; Bejo Suroso; Insan Wijaya
Agrika Vol 17, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Badan Penerbitan Universitas Widyagama Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31328/ja.v17i2.4827

Abstract

ABSTRAKJagung (Zea mays L.) merupakan tanaman pangan potensial di Indonesia. Jagung merupakan makanan pokok terpenting kedua setelah beras. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kualitas benih selama penyimpanan antara lain viabilitas awal benih, kematangan benih, proses panen pasca panen benih, kondisi lingkungan di tempat penyimpanan dan lama penyimpanan benih. Benih yang lama disimpan akan mengalami masa kadaluarsa yang mengakibatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil sangat terbatas. Kualitas benih kadaluarsa dapat diperbaiki dengan invigorasi benih. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember, menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang tersusun atas 9 perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan yaitu C: kontrol; G1: 250 ppm; G2: 300 ppm; G3: 350 ppm; G4: 400 ppm; K1: 1000 ppm; K2: 5000 ppm; K3: 10000 ppm; dan K4: 5000 ppm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan invigorasi meningkatkan viabilitas benih jagung pada parameter daya kecambah dan potensi tumbuh, serta meningkatkan vigor benih jagung pada parameter indeks vigor, kecepatan tumbuh, dan keserempakan tumbuh, juga meningkatkan diameter batang, tinggi tanaman, panjang akar, jumloah daun, berat basah dan berat kering. ABSTRACTCorn (Zea mays L.) is a potential food crop in Indonesia. Corn is the second most important staple food after rice. Factors that influence seed quality during storage include initial seed viability, seed maturity, post-harvest seed harvesting process, environmental conditions at the storage location and length of seed storage. Seeds that are stored for a long time will expire, resulting in very limited growth and yields. The quality of expired seeds can be improved by seed invigoration. The research was carried out at the Muhammadiyah University of Jember, using a completely randomized design consisting of 9 treatments with 3 replications, namely C: control; G1: 250 ppm; G2: 300ppm; G3: 350ppm; G4: 400ppm; K1: 1000 ppm; K2: 5000 ppm; K3: 10000 ppm; and K4: 5000 ppm. The results of the research showed that invigoration treatment increased the viability of corn seeds in the parameters of germination and growth potential, and increased the vigor of corn seeds in the parameters of vigor index, growth speed and growth simultaneity, also increased stem diameter, plant height, root length, number of leaves, wet weight. and dry weight.   
Co-Authors Ari Wibowo Bejo Suroso Bejo Suroso Udkhulis Silmy Yudha Hermawan