Sidabalok, Dindasari
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Struktur Frasa Adverbial Bahasa Batak Toba Analisis Teori X-Bar Sidabalok, Dindasari; Mulyadi, Mulyadi
Aksara: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 25, No 1 (2024): Aksara: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/aksara/v25i1.pp201-213

Abstract

This study aims to describe the structures forming an adverbial phrase in the Batak Toba language. This research is a qualitative research. The data in this study is in the form of Batak Toba text. Data sources are obtained through observation, interviews, as well as using researchers' intuitive data as active speakers of Batak Toba language. At the observation stage, researchers were directly involved in the conversations of several Toba Batak speakers in a coffee shop. Then an unstructured interview was conducted using provoking questions to the informant. The type of question given is related to the grammatical acceptability of phrase structure in the Batak Toba language. While in the process of data analysis is carried out by grouping data based on the similarity of elements, then determining the right elements is carried out. The results of research and discussion show that in the Toba Batak language there are 4 rules of adverbial phrase structure in the Toba Batak language, yaitu: (1) Adv + A = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (2). A + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (3) Ad + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + V = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv, (4) Adv + Ad = Adv’, Adv’ + Adv = Adv’, Adv’ + Spes = FAdv.Keywords: adverbial pharase, Tobanese, X Bar theory
Kekerabatan Bahasa Jawa, Bahasa Nias, dan Bahasa Batak Toba di Kota Medan Sidabalok, Dindasari; Ayuanda, Winda; Nasution, Khairina; Gustianingsih, Gustianingsih; Syarfina, Tengku
Aksara: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 25, No 2 (2024): Aksara: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra (in procces)
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/aksara/v25i1.pp376-387

Abstract

This study aims to describe the percentage of kinship and separation time between Javanese (J), Nias (N) and Batak Toba (BT) in Medan. This study used a combined qualitative and quantitative method. The type of data studied refers to the 200 vocabulary lists put forward by Swadesh. Data sources are obtained through written sources and in-depth interviews with informants. From written data sources, research reference data were obtained in Proto Austronesian (PAN) and Indonesian language versions. Then interviews were conducted with informants from each language speaker. The data collection method used is the listen and cakap method. Data analysis techniques are carried out using lexicostatistical formula calculations and glotochronology. The results of this research show that the percentage of kinship between BJ and BN is 25%, with the separation time being 3193 years ago (calculated in 2024). The percentage of BJ and BN kinship is 34% with an estimated separation time for these two languages being 2486 years ago. Then, BJ and BN have a kinship percentage of 29%, with an estimated separation time between these two languages being 2852 years ago. Based on the percentage of kinship, these three languages can be classified into the family group of One Family (Stock).Keywords: lexicostatistic, glottochronology, Javanese, Nias, Tobanese