Reaktor
Volume 14, Nomor 2, Oktober 2012

TRANSESTERIFICATION OF VEGETABLES OIL USING SUBAND SUPERCRITICAL METHANOL

Nyoman Puspa Asri (Chemical Engineering Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111. Telp. (031) 5946240
Fax. (031) 5999282 Chemical EngineeringDepartment, Faculty of Eng)

Siti Machmudah (Chemical Engineering Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111. Telp. (031) 5946240
Fax. (031) 5999282)

Wahyudiono Wahyudiono (Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan)
Suprapto Suprapto (Chemical Engineering Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111. Telp. (031) 5946240
Fax. (031) 5999282)

Kusno Budikarjono (Chemical Engineering Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology, Kampus ITS, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya, Indonesia 60111. Telp. (031) 5946240
Fax. (031) 5999282)

Achmad Roesyadi (Chemical Engineering Department, Industrial Technology Faculty, Sepuluh Nopember Institute)
Mitsuru Sasaki (Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan)
Motonobu Goto (Bioelectrics Research Center, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan)



Article Info

Publish Date
07 Oct 2012

Abstract

A benign process, non catalytic transesterification in sub and supercritical methanol method was usedto prepare biodiesel from vegetables oil. The experiment was carried out in batch type reactor (8.8 mlcapacity, stainless steel, AKICO, JAPAN) by changing the reaction condition such as reactiontemperature (from 210°C in subcritical condition to 290°C in supercritical state with of 20°Cinterval), molar ratio oil to methanol (1:12-1:42) and time of reaction (10-90 min). The fatty acidmethyl esters (FAMEs) content was analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GCFID).Such analysis can be used to determine the biodiesel yield of the transesterification. The resultsshowed that the yield of biodiesel increases gradually with the increasing of reaction time atsubcritical state (210-230oC). However, it was drastically increased at the supercritical state (270-290oC). Similarly, the yield of biodiesel sharply increased with increasing the ratio molar of soy oilmethanolup to 1:24. The maximum yield 86 and 88% were achieved at 290oC, 90 min of reaction timeand molar ratio of oil to methanol 1:24, for soybean oil and palm oil, respectively.Proses transesterifikasi non katalitik dengan metanol sub dan superkritis,merupakan proses yang ramah lingkungan digunakan untuk pembuatan biodiesel dari minyak nabati.Percobaan dilakukan dalam sebuah reaktor batch (kapasitas 8,8 ml, stainless steel, AKICO, JAPAN),dengan variabel kondisi reaksi seperti temperatur reaksi (dari kondisi subkritis 210°C-kondisisuperkritis 290°C dengan interval 20°C), rasio molar minyak-metanol (1:12-1:42) dan waktu reaksi(10-90 menit). Kandungan metil ester asam lemak (FAME) dianalisis dengan kromatografi gasdengan detektor FID (GC-FID). Hasil Analisis tersebut dapat digunakan untuk menentukan yieldbiodiesel dari proses transesterifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa yield biodiesel meningkatsecara perlahan dengan meningkatnya waktu reaksi pada keadaan subkritis (210-230oC). Namun,yield biodiesel meningkat secara drastis pada kondisi superkritis (270-290oC). Demikian pula halnyadengan rasio molar minyak kedelai-metanol, dimana hasil biodiesel meningkat tajam denganmeningkatnya rasio molar minyak-metanol hingga 1:24. Yield maksimum dicapai pada 290oC, waktureaksi 90 menit dan rasio molar minyak terhadap metanol 1:24, yaitu sebesar 86% untuk minyakkedelai dan 88% untuk minyak sawit. 

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Journal Info

Abbrev

reaktor

Publisher

Subject

Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Control & Systems Engineering Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology

Description

Reaktor invites contributions of original and novel fundamental research. Reaktor publishes scientific study/ research papers, industrial problem solving related to Chemical Engineering field as well as review papers. The journal presents paper dealing with the topic related to Chemical Engineering ...