Journal of Language and Literature
Journal of Language and Literature presents articles on the study of language and literature. Appropriate topics include studies on language, translation, and literary texts. To be considered for publication, articles must be in English.
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<![CDATA[Analysis of Free Indirect Discourse Narratives in the Works of Austen, Joyce, and Kingston ]]>
<![CDATA[Manggong, Lestari]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.580
<![CDATA[Language, with the complexity of its structure, can be problematic in terms of interpreting works of literature. This essay discusses the problems perceived in the process of interpretation of free indirect discourse narratives in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice and Emma, James Joyce’s A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man and The Dead, and Maxine Hong Kingston’s Tripmaster Monkey. Narratives with free indirect discourse opens up possibility of misinterpretation caused by the misconception of whose point of view the story is told. By looking at the works within the concept of narratology by Chatman (1978) and Prince (2003), such narratives—which apply the viewpoint of omniscient narrators—cause ambiguity to the voice of external and internal focalisers. This is due to the fact that the use of such narratives blends the two types of focalisations. The findings of this research lead to an argument that through external focalisation, the view becomes objective. Yet through internal focalisation, the view tends to become subjective as it is infiltrated by the character’s view. Such an argument then gives way to a conclusion that narratives with free indirect discourse gives effect to irony in the story-telling process of the works discussed. Keywords: free indirect discourse, narratology, focalisation]]>
<![CDATA[The Transitivity Process Patterns and Styles in the Characterization of the Protagonist Character in Phuoc’s “The Story of Tam and Cam†]]>
<![CDATA[Manggala, Simon Arsa]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.585
<![CDATA[This paper is based on the notion in Stylistics that the study focuses on language use, the purposes, and the effects (Verdonk, 2002). The data is taken from one of the stories from Vietnam. The story is selected since the plot shares similarities in terms of the plot with the popular Cinderella stories. Therefore, readers are familiar with the plot since Cinderella stories exist in many cultures and languages (Tatar, 1999). The language use is reviewed by utilizing transitivity analysis (Matthiessen & Halliday, 2004) to examine the processes in the characterization since transitivity analysis is a significant analytical tool in accounting ideational perspective systematically (Simpson, 1993). Further, the choice of processes and patterns lead to the discussion on the purposes and effects. The examination on the transitivity analysis shows that the processes employed to characterize the protagonist character are material, mental, relational, verbal, and behavioral processes. The processes might reveal particular significant to the process of characterization. For instance, material processes frequently dominate the characterization of the main character. Thus, the character is mostly characterized by what they do and what happens with them. The other transitivity processes resemble the purpose and effect based on their meanings. Hopefully, this paper might serve an example of how to examine the language patterns in a literary work to further observe the purposes and the effects of the patterns. Keywords: folktale, stylistics, and Transitivity Analysis.]]>
<![CDATA[Humorous Situations Created by Violations and Floutings of Conversational Maxims in a Situation Comedy Entitled How I Met Your Mother ]]>
<![CDATA[Amianna, Jenna Nadia Rasbi Putri]]>;
<![CDATA[Putranti, Adventina]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.598
<![CDATA[As a form of communication that evokes laughter, humor is seen as one of important aspects in building relationship with people. Linguists suggest that humor exists because there is noncooperative interaction among interlocutors resulting from not observing Cooperative Principle in the conversations. Related to that, this study aims to analyze humorous situations in a situation comedy entitled How I Met Your Mother Season 2, Episodes 1 to 5 which are created by violating and flouting the conversational maxims as the forms of not observing the Cooperative Principle. Keywords: humorous situation, cooperative principle, flouting, violation]]>
<![CDATA[Yogyakarta Modernity Dynamics: A Study of Code-Switching in Kedaulatan Rakyat’s Weekly Short Stories from 2010 to 2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Fransisca, Kristanti]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.581
<![CDATA[This research analyzes how language reflects Yogyakarta modernity dynamics through the analysis of Kedaulatan Rakyat’s weekly short stories from 2010 to 2015. The research is aimed to find out how the city’s modernity is portrayed through language by the means of code-switching in the weekly short stories. It identifies the phenomena of code-switching in the short stories and analyzes whether or not the switch is an illustration of the city’s modernity through language. Keywords: code-switch, short stories, modernity, Yogyakarta.]]>
<![CDATA[Male and Female Students’ Use of Textual Discourse Markers in Writing Academic Essays ]]>
<![CDATA[Pasaribu, Truly Almendo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.587
<![CDATA[Growing discussion related to gender differences and language includes studies on discourse markers. Not only do these markers play an important role in spoken communication, but they are also important in written one. Previous studies (Tse & Hyland, 2008; Yeganeh and Ghoreyshi, 2015) reveal that there are some discrepancies among scholar whether gender differences influence the use of language, including the choice of discourse markers. Moreover, gender differences and the use of textual discourse markers by Indonesian EFL students in EFL essays have not been extensively discussed. Therefore, this study aimed at elaborating the use of textual discourse markers in male and female students’ essays. This study involved 40 essays, 20 essays written by female students and 20 essays written by male students. Those essays were selected randomly from Critical Reading and Writing 1 (CRW 1) courses. The study aimed at analyzing the differences and similarities in the use of discourse markers between female and male students’ essays based on Fraser’s classifications (1999) of textual discourse markers. Finally, this research concluded the discussion by giving some implication which can be applied in writing classes.Keywords: gender, writing essays, discourse markers]]>
<![CDATA[Modality Analysis in Melania Trump’s and Ivanka Trump’s Campaign Speeches in Republican National Convention, July 19th, 2016 ]]>
<![CDATA[Pionery, Hepie]]>;
<![CDATA[Isti'anah, Arina]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.582
<![CDATA[Style is a distinctive feature found in language use. One example of language use is a speech. In stylistics, the use of modality in a speech can reveal the speaker’s style. Subsequently, a style that is shown through the modality can reflect the speaker’s ideology. This study aimed to find out the ideology reflected by the modality of Melania Trump’s and Ivanka Trump’s campaign speeches. The speeches were delivered at the Republican National Convention last July 19th, 2016. There were two objectives discussed in this study. First is to find out the type of modality employed by Melania Trump and Ivanka Trump in their campaign speeches. Second is to reveal the ideologies reflected by the use of the modality. A stylistic approach was employed to discuss the types of modality to figure out the ideologies reflected. The data were taken by employing population study. From the analysis, it was found out that there were four types of modality employed by Melania Trump’s speech: inclination, obligation, potentiality and ability, and probability. In Ivanka Trump’s speech, there were five types of modality found: inclination, usuality, potentiality and ability, probability, and obligation. There were two ideologies reflected by the use of modality. The ideologies found in both speeches were similar. Those were commitment and self-promotion. The commitments were proved by the existence of inclination, while self-promotion is proven by the existence of potentiality and ability, and usuality types of modality. Keywords: speech, modality, ideology, stylistics]]>
<![CDATA[Crisis of Identity and Mimicry in Orwell’s Burmese Days Seen through a Local Native Character U Po Kyin: A Postcolonial Readin ]]>
<![CDATA[Perdana, B. Endo Gauh]]>;
<![CDATA[Wardani, Elisa Dwi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.588
<![CDATA[This study analyzes how crisis of identity and mimicry occurs in the postcolonial discourse. A local native character whose name is U Po Kyin is the focus of the study. As a native character, he holds a high ranking position for local in the British Raj in Burma. However, he is portrayed as a corrupt official as he accepts bribes and denounces his rival. His ambition to get the membership, an elite European Club, drives him infuriated to destroy his rival’s reputation because naturally it is him who would be elected as the first local member of the Club. At the end of the novel, Kyin finally secures his membership but he fails to atone his evil-doings by building pagodas as a Buddhist. Kyin’s attitude is seen as how he manages to deal with his inferiority towards the British. He is also observed to mimic the British as his strategy to erase the idea of being colonized.There are two problem formulations in this study. The first is to find out how U Po Kyin suffers from crisis of identity through his characterization in the novel. Then, the second objective is to understand how his crisis of identity leads him to mimic the British.This study condludes that U Po Kyin suffers from crisis of identity. He is oppressed conscious and unconsciously by the British. This causes his self-image to be eroded. Even though he is relatively wealthier than his fellow natives, he still craves for more as he realizes that there is something more than money. He wants to be detached from his inferiority. The elite European Club represents his ambition because it offers him status to be like the British. That is why he schemes to crush his rival. In his schemes, denigrating his rival means to mimic the British because he needs to differ himself from the natives. However, he is still powerless because the British still consider him as the subject of colonialization. Keywords: crisis of identity, mimicry, postcolonial reading]]>
<![CDATA[Willy Wonka’s Narcissistic Personality in Roald Dahl’s Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ]]>
<![CDATA[Pratama, Bovis Narendra]]>;
<![CDATA[Aji, G. Fajar Sasmita]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.583
<![CDATA[Charlie and the Chocolate Factory by Roald Dahl is one of the most popular children’s novels. This novel talks about the adventure of five children who have the opportunity to pay a visit to the most famous chocolate factory in the world, Wonka’s. This study aims to reveal Wonka’s personality disorder as well as the cause of the disorder. The first objective is to identify Willy Wonka’s characteristics. Then, the second objective is to reveal Wonka’s personality disorder and to explain the causes of the disorder.The analysis shows that Willy Wonka is innovative, flamboyant, stubborn, arrogant, and authoritarian. He loves to be the center of attention by putting on outrageous attire. He cannot stand questions and considers them as criticisms or threat. He always brags the products he creates to his guests. Lastly, he always wants to take control of every situation, including taking control of his successor. The last four characteristics mentioned imply that Wonka has narcissistic personality disorder. There are three causes of Willy Wonka’s personality disorder. The first cause is living alone for years without any direct contact with human beings. He exiles himself from the society for years; he only pays attention to himself. The second cause is constantly being media frenzy. People give so much credit to his products and gradually he thinks that he is the best for everything because the society already thinks so. The third cause is the spies who pretend to be his employees and try to steal his recipes. He becomes really devastated because of the tragedy. He fires all of his employees and chooses to never come out of the factory ever again. He has lost his trust on people, and he is too afraid to be betrayed by his workers for the second time. Keywords: narcissistic personality disorder, Freudian psychoanalysis, Roald Dahl]]>
<![CDATA[Language Propriety in Javanese ]]>
<![CDATA[Poedjosoedarmo, Soepomo]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.579
<![CDATA[This paper presents the principles of language propriety in Javanese. The principles presented here cover the speech components offered by Hymes. It discusses how an individual or P1 should behave as a participant in the social network in general and how one should do when engaging in a conversation with an interlocutor (P1 to P2). The discussion also points out what topic and aim of speech should be expressed and with what means of communication one should express it (S, E and I), how should the genre and the speech act be, how are the sentences to be expressed, and what words are to be used or to be avoided to suit the mood of the speech (G, A, and K). Furthermore, the paper also displays how the speech should be uttered and enunciated and how a person should handle his physical gestures to accompany the speech act (a part of N). Some key terms of language propriety in Javanese presented here are ramah, sabar, tepa slira, hormat, empan papan, nujuprana, and subasitaa.Keywords: propriety, Javanese, speech]]>
<![CDATA[Mia Hall’s Decision Making Process in Her Comatose State in Gayle Forman’s If I Stay: A Psychoanalytic Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Christine, Chindy]]>;
<![CDATA[Widyastuti, Dewi]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Language and Literature Vol 17, No 1 (2017): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Sanata Dharma ]]>
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DOI: 10.24071/joll.v17i1.584
<![CDATA[This undergraduate study discusses a novel written by Gayle Forman entitled If I Stay through the psychoanalytic study. The main character of the novel, Mia Hall, is in a comatose state after she gets an accident with her family. Her parents and her brother do not survive. In this unconscious state, she has to choose one of the two choices whether to stay or to leave. Her decision-making process, which the main character faces, inspires the researcher to study how Mia Hall’s unconsciousness is able to influence her decision making. The researcher formulates two problems for this study: (1) how the main character is described in the plot development of the story, and (2) how the decision-making process of the main character is seen in the story.The analysis produces some results and findings. The first finding is that the main character’s traits are family-centered, enthusiastic, loving, and thoughtful. The second result is that the main character’s decision making process is a descriptive model of decision making. The reason why she decides to stay in the world is influenced by her identity and the effects of her unconsciousness, in which she still has her grandparents as her family, her dream to become a cellist that she can pursue, and the people surrounding her whom she can share her affection for. Keywords: psychoanalytic study, comatose state, Gayle Forman]]>
