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INDONESIA
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 25811037     EISSN : 25495925     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social, Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum (JCEF) is a four-monthly journal on Civil Engineering and Environmental related sciences. The journal was established in 1992 as Forum Teknik Sipil, a six-monthly journal published in Bahasa Indonesia, where the first publication was issued as Volume I/1 - January 1992 under the name of Forum Teknik Sipil.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)" : 10 Documents clear
Determination of Risk Areas in the Cimahi City (Drainage Sector) Based on City Sanitation Strategy Guidelines Iwan Juwana; Elvira Rizqita Utami
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (474.651 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.53052

Abstract

Cimahi is one of the cities which participated in the Accelerated Habitat Sanitation Development Program in 2011 due to its poor sanitation conditions. The city experienced high flooding in 2018 as observed in the 36.4 hectares or approximately 0.76% of the total area affected even though its drainage system was discovered to be covering 89.87% in 2015. There are also several reports of displacement of residents and significant financial loss in the city due to flooding in the past decade and this means urgent attention needs to be provided to improve the condition of the city. Therefore, this study was conducted to calculate the level of risk from the drainage sector in each urban village of Cimahi City. This involves using scores ranging from 1 – 4, with a score of 1 indicating very low risk while 4 represents very high risk based on exposure factors such as percentage of inundation area, sanitation risk index (IRS) score, and the opinions of local government as well as impact factors such as population, population density, poverty rate, and urban/rural function. The research made use of both primary and secondary data with the primary data obtained through interviews with the population in the study area and local government representatives while secondary data were obtained from different institutions. The results showed 7 out of the 16 urban villages in Cimahi City are in Risk Category 1, 5 in Category 2, 1 in Category 3, and the remaining 2 in Category 4. This information with the risk category map for each village is expected to be used by the local government of Cimahi to analyze the flood-related problems better and create more effective solutions. 
2D Shallow Water Model for Dam Break and Column Interactions Putu Indah Dianti Putri; Rifqi Fauzan Iskandar; Mohammad Bagus Adityawan; Hadi Kardhana; Dian Indrawati
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (473.167 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.54307

Abstract

Dam break causes disastrous effects on the surrounding area, especially at the downstream, therefore, there is a need for accurate and timely predictions of dam break propagation to prevent both property damage and loss of life. This study aimed to determine the movement of dam-break flow in the downstream area by solving the Shallow Water Equations (SWE) or Saint Venant Equations which are based on the conservation of mass and momentum derived from Navier Stokes equation. The model was generated using a finite difference scheme which is the most common and simplest method for dam-break modeling while Forward Time Central Space (FTCS) numerical scheme was applied to simulate two-dimensional SWE. Moreover, the accuracy of the numerical model was checked by comparing its results with the analytic results of one-dimensional cases and a relatively small value of error was found in comparison to the analytic models as indicated with the RMSE values close to 0. The numerical to the two-dimensional models were also compared to a simple dam break in a flume and dam break with column interactions and the wave propagation in both cases was observed to become very close at a certain time.  The model, however, used numerical filter (Hansen) to reduce the oscillations or numerical instability. The simulation and analysis, therefore, showed the ability of the numerical scheme of FTCS to resolve both cases of the simple dam break and dam break with column interactions in the Two-dimensional Shallow Water. 
Modeling Runoff and Sediment Yield in Highly Gullied Regions of Kashmir using SWAT Model: A Case Study of Lolab Watershed Dar Sarvat Gull; Ayaz Mehmood Dar
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (745.507 KB) | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.55298

Abstract

Soil erosion in highly gullied regions of Kashmir valley is a serious global issue due to its impacts on economic productivity and environmental consequences such as land disintegration and one of the most affected areas is Lolab which is flood-prone and has witnessed several disastrous floods in the past. This means assessment of hydrological behavior should be highly prioritized and the most problematic sub-basins contributing to the erosion and excessive runoff identified to formulate and apply proper management strategies. This study integrated the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) with Arc software to simulate the runoff and sediment yield of Lolab Watershed. The method was applied due to its flexibility in inputting data requirements and the capability to model larger catchments and mountainous areas. Meanwhile, sensitivity analysis showed the most sensitive four parameters for runoff estimation with the initial soil conservation service curve number II rated to be the highest and two others were found for sediment estimation with channel erodibility factor rated highest. The calibration of the values of these sensitive parameters led to the provision of reliable NashSutcliffe (NSE) and Coefficient of determination(R2) efficiencies which makes SWAT a good analyzing tool to assess the hydrological behavior of highly gullied region and un-gauged basins of Kashmir. These factors were found to be above 0.90 for both runoff and sediment yield and the sediment yield rates were estimated using SWAT at individual sub-basin levels after which a prioritization map was prepared to determine the most problematic sub-basins in the watershed. 
Damage Probability Assessment of Hospital Buildings in Yogyakarta, Indonesia as Essential Facility due to an Earthquake Scenario Yunalia Muntafi; Nobuoto Nojima; Atika Ulfah Jamal
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.53387

Abstract

Indonesia is a country located in an earthquake-prone region, and is characterized by significantly increased peak ground acceleration value. The seismic hazard map of Indonesia stated in SNI 1726-2012 and the current statistics published by PUSGEN in 2017 emphasized on the significance of assessing building damage probabilities, especially for essential structures in Yogyakarta. However, immediate action is required to handle response and recovery operations during and after a disaster. The aim of this study, therefore, is to ascertain the vulnerability and damage probability of hospital buildings in Yogyakarta by employing the 2006 earthquake scenario, where reports showed the destruction of over 156,000 houses and other structures. Furthermore, a Hazard-US (HAZUS) method was used for structural analysis, while a ground motion prediction equation was adopted to produce the building response spectra, following the characteristics of the earthquake incidence. The vital step in this assessment involves building type classification and identification of seismic design levels. However, the damage tendency of buildings is determined using the peak building response, which ensures the generation of capacity curves. The most significant findings on building damage probability value were less than 15% in each damage state (slight, moderate, extensive, complete). In addition, the optimum value was achieved at the minimum level of damage (minor), while the least values were recorded at the highest damage level (complete).
The Effects of Using Ground Cockle Seashells as an Additive for Mortar in Peat Environment Monita Olivia; Ismi Siska Rahmayani; Gunawan Wibisono; Edy Saputra
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.55651

Abstract

Seashells are available abundantly in coastal areas and have the potential to be used as aggregates and replacement for cement in mortar and concrete. They are also applied as mineral additives for mortar or concrete to increase the resistance of these materials in an aggressive environment, especially in constructing structures such as drainage and sewer networks which require good resistance to organic acid attack. This paper discusses the potential addition of ground seashells to improve the performance of mortar used as a drainage lining in an acidic environment such as peatland. The mix was designed using a 4% ground cockle shell (Anadara granosa) by cement weight as an additive in two mixes which include Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and OPC Cockle Shell (OPCCS). The samples were cured in a water pond for 28 days before they were placed in water and peat water for 120 days after which the compressive strength, porosity, sorptivity, change in weight, and visual characteristics were investigated. The results showed the compressive strength of OPCCS mortar increased by 11.29% after immersion in peat water for 120 days with its porosity and sorptivity decreased by 5.78% and 31.07% due to the refinement of the pores and capillary network in the mortar. Moreover, the weight of the brushed and unbrushed OPCCS mortar in peat water was lesser compared to the OPC due to the increase in CaO content which has the ability to fill the pores and reduce disintegration. The visual examination showed an improvement in the pH of OPCCS mortar due to the ability of the ground cockle shells to neutralize the acidity of the peat water. This study, therefore, shows the use of ground cockle shells as an additive makes it possible to use mortar as a drainage lining because the shells provide excellent resistance to acidic peat environments.
Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of Flexural Reinforced Concrete Beam using Embedded Reinforcement Modeling Mahmud Kori Effendi
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.55960

Abstract

Reinforced concrete is one of the most widely used building materials in Indonesia due to its workability, easiness, and reasonable price. Meanwhile, it is very important to understand the response of these elements during the loading process to ensure the development of an effective structure and one of the most effective numerical methods for reinforced concrete elements is the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beam using a nonlinear finite element analysis through the application of the MSC MARC/MENTAT software program. This involved the use of a solid element to represent concrete while the truss bar was applied for reinforcing steel after which multi-linear and bilinear models were considered for the two elements respectively while embedded reinforcement model was applied to model the rebar. Moreover, the beam model was also studied and compared with experimental data from previous literature. The result showed the load-deflection to have significantly increased due to an increment in the steel reinforcement yield strength. The same was also observed for the concrete compressive strength while a decrease was recorded in deflection due to the reduction in the compressive strength because the strain was reaching the crushing value. Furthermore, the concrete tension model was found to be the same with the experimental results with the tensile strength observed to have lost its strength after reaching the tensile stress while the contact behavior of the modeled reinforced concrete beam showed the existence of a slip at the support and loading points.
The Study of the Strength Properties of Galvanized Iron (GI) Fiber Reinforced Concrete Sristi Das Gupta; MD Shah Newaz Aftab Chayon; Chaity Karmaka; Hasan Mohammad Zakaria
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.56896

Abstract

 The use of concrete with randomly distributed metallic or non-metallic fiber is now prominent in concrete engineering and metallic fiber has been reported to have a better contribution to concrete mechanical properties. The utilization of locally available galvanized iron or metallic fiber as a bridging material which is a new technique in Bangladesh has the ability to surprisingly improve concrete physical properties. This research was, therefore, conducted to compare the concrete performance of GI fiber and steel fiber using previous literature as well as the suitability of GI fiber as a supplant to steel fiber in the concrete industry. This was achieved through the evaluation of the compression, tension, and brittleness of concrete with ‘Galvanized Iron’ fiber using several cutting lengths of 20 mm and 40 mm with multiple mix proportions including 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% by volume of the concrete. The results showed the fiber with a large cut length of 40 mm and proportion lesser than 2.5% performed well than 20 mm with proportion 2% in reference to the plain concrete. Moreover, the incorporation of a 2.0% proportion of galvanized iron fiber with 40 mm length was observed to have exhibited crowning increment for both concrete compression and tension by 16.1% and 89.2% correspondingly contrasted to the control specimen. A further increase in the percent of fiber content 2% led to a reduction in the compression and tension for both 20 mm and 40 mm lengths while a significant reduction in brittleness for galvanized iron fiber reinforced concrete was observed in contrast to the control specimen. Furthermore, the inclusion of 1.0%–2.5% GI fiber with a 40 mm length reduced concrete brittleness by 56.9% - 65.5 % in comparison with the control specimen. Therefore, the inclusion of galvanized iron (metallic) to enhance the physical properties of concrete was deduced to be one of the startling stratagems
The Collapse Analysis of the Lateral-Torsional Buckling of I-Shaped Stepped Steel Beams Kelsen Trista Kweenisky; Naomi Pratiwi; Paulus Karta Wijaya
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.56934

Abstract

The use of a non-prismatic member such as a stepped beam as a design method has the ability to function as a tool for steel beams optimization. A cover plate is partially welded on the upper and lower flange of the member at the maximum bending moment location to increase its flexural strength and, under critical load, flexural members bend about its strong axis, displace to the lateral direction, and twist coincidentally through a phenomenon known as the Lateral-Torsional Buckling (LTB). There is, however, no equations in the AISC 360-16 specification to calculate the critical moment of a stepped beam (Mst). Therefore, this research focuses on developing Mst for a simply supported stepped beam which deforms on its shear center under static-transverse loading through the use of a collapse analysis and the behavior of the beam. The results showed the welded cover plates consequently increased the LTB resistance of the prismatic I-shaped steel beam from 9.8% to 202% while the critical moment increased more significantly with an increment in the ratio of the cover plate length to the unbraced length (α). The cover plate thickness was observed to have dominantly affected only a large α ratio while the post-buckling characteristic of large α showed a sudden collapse phenomenon. Furthermore, the LTB modification factor was generated in this study due to the initial geometrical imperfection from the first mode of Eigen shape with maximum amplitude Lb/2000 (Cb1) and stepped beam shape (Cst) which were required to estimate the critical moment of a stepped beam based on the AISC equation for a prismatic beam.
Application of TRMM in the Hydrological Analysis of Upper Bengawan Solo River Basin Theo Senjaya; Doddi Yudianto; Xie Yuebo; Wanny K. Adidarma
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.57125

Abstract

Rainfall is a major water resource with a significant role in terms of growth, environment concerns, and sustainability. Several human activities demand adequate water supply for drinking, agriculture, domestic, and commercial consumption. The accuracy of any hydrologic study depends heavily on the availability of good-quality precipitation estimates. Most countries are unable to provide sufficient climatic data, including rainfall and observed discharge statistics. This scarcity is a huge obstacle in conducting thorough hydrologic studies over a certain period. For instance, Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, has long been faced with data availability problems. For this reason, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), which was developed by NASA, became an alternative solution to rainfall data limitations. However, to be applied in hydrologic investigations, TRMM data require proper estimation and adjustment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of TRMM rainfall data and its application in determining design flood and water availability. Dividing the data into several groups based on its magnitude and multiplying each unit with a correction coefficient are parts of the modification process. Subsequently, objective functions, including false alarm ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD), and root mean square error (RMSE) were also applied. Rainfall-runoff modeling and design storm analysis at Delingan dam were used to study the TRMM correction performance. Based on the analysis, corrected TRMM showed considerable findings compared to ground station data.  Model calibration and verification using corrected TRMM data provide satisfactory model parameters compared to ground station derivatives. The results also disclosed a closer fit of the corrected TRMM to catchment response translated from derived rainfall-runoff model parameters to ground station compared to control.  Furthermore, design storm calculated from corrected TRMM reflects an improvement compared to uncorrected TRMM data. 
The Implementation of Ground Response Analysis to Quantify Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) in Bengkulu City, Indonesia Lindung Zalbuin Mase; Muhammad Farid; Nanang Sugianto; Sintia Agustina
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 6 No. 3 (September 2020)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UGM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.57466

Abstract

Bengkulu City is one of the areas vulnerable to earthquakes in Indonesia and several studies have shown the city experienced a unique phenomenon called liquefaction during the Mw 8.6 Bengkulu-Mentawai Earthquake. This event has initiated a step by step intensive study on earthquake in the area but previous studies are generally limited by the use of site investigation data to empirically analyse liquefaction potential and those that used advance method such as the seismic wave propagation model are rare. This means the level of liquefaction damage in the study area is not totally understood, therefore, this research focused on implementing the ground response analysis to quantify the Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) using several areas in Bengkulu City in order to determine their vulnerability. The process involved the collection of several site investigation data including boring log and shear wave velocity profile as well as a desk study to determine the geological condition of the observed sites. Moreover, a non-linear seismic ground response analysis was conducted to obtain maximum ground surface acceleration (amax) parameter which was further used to analyse the liquefaction potential in the study area. The results showed several sites have the potential to experience liquefaction during earthquakes. The method applied was considered successful and the results are expected to be implemented for city development. Furthermore, the framework is recommended for adoption in investigating the liquefaction in other areas.

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