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PETITA: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum dan Syariah (PJKIHdS)
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : 25028006     EISSN : 25498274     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22373/petita.v6i1
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
PETITA journal has aimed to deliver a multi-disciplinary forum for the discussion of thoughts and information among professionals concerned with the boundary of law and sharia, and will not accept articles that are outside of PETITA’s aims and scope. There is a growing awareness of the need for exploring the fundamental goals of both the law and sharia systems and the social consequences of their contact. The journal has tried to find understanding and collaboration in the field through the wide-ranging methods represented, not only by law and sharia, but also by the social sciences and related disciplines. The Editors and Publisher wish to inspire a discourse among the specialists from different countries whose various legal cultures afford fascinating and challenging alternatives to existing theories and practices. Priority will therefore be given to articles which are oriented to a comparative or international perspective. The journal will publish significant conceptual contributions on contemporary issues as well as serve in the rapid dissemination of important and relevant research findings. The opinions expressed in this journal do not automatically reflect those of the editors. PETITA journal have received papers from academicians on law and sharia, law theory, constitutional law, research finding in law, law and philosophy, law and religion, human rights law, international law, and constitutionality of parliamentary products. In specific, papers which consider the following scopes are cordially invited, namely; • Sharia Law • Constitutional Law • International Law • Human Rights Law • Land Property Law • Halal Law • Islamic Law • Sharia Court • Constitutional Court • Refugee Law • Transitional Justice • Trade Law • Regional Law • Institutional Dispute Law • Legal Thought • Law and Education • Humanitarian Law • Criminal Law • Islamic Law and Economics • Capital Punishment • Child Rights Law • Family Law • Anti-Corruption Law • International Trade Law • Medical Law
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 7 No 2 (2022)" : 6 Documents clear
DELINEATING THE RHETORIC? THE INTERSECTION OF RETRIBUTIVE AND RESTORATIVE JUSTICE IN INTERNATIONAL SENTENCING Oriola O. Oyewole
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.145

Abstract

A large and growing body of literature has investigated victim participation at the International Criminal Court. Hence, an increasing number of published studies describe victims' participatory roles and their evolution. However, literature is scarce on managing victims' rights and interests during sentencing and on the impact of victims' involvement in sentencing decisions. For example, victims have interests in reparations, justice, truth and sentencing. Knowledge of restorative justice in criminal sentencing is important for an understanding of how victims navigate criminal trials, especially regarding their perceptions of the sentencing. Using a case analysis, this article critically examines the interaction of retributive and restorative justice vis-à-vis victims’ positions during sentence hearings and reviews. Abstrak: Sejumlah besar literatur telah menyelidiki partisipasi korban di Pengadilan Kriminal Internasional. Oleh karena itu, semakin banyak penelitian yang diterbitkan menggambarkan peran korban selama partisipasi korban dan evolusinya. Namun, literatur tentang pengelolaan hak dan kepentingan korban selama hukuman dan dampak keterlibatan korban pada keputusan hukuman masih terbatas. Misalnya, korban memiliki kepentingan dalam reparasi, keadilan, kebenaran dan hukuman. Pengetahuan tentang keadilan restoratif dalam pemidanaan penting untuk memahami bagaimana korban menjalani persidangan pidana, terutama mengenai persepsi mereka tentang hukuman. Dengan menggunakan analisis kasus, artikel ini secara kritis mengkaji interaksi keadilan retributif dan restoratif vis-à-vis posisi korban selama pemeriksaan dan peninjauan hukuman. Kata Kunci: Hukuman Internasional, Pemidanaan, Reintegrasi, Korban, Pengurangan Hukuman, Keadilan Restoratif.
THE CONTRIBUTION OF ISLAMIC KINGDOMS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF ISLAMIC JUDICIARY IN INDONESIA: HISTORICAL LEGAL APPROACH ANALYSIS Muhammad Fazlurrahman Syarif; Muhammad Syauqi Bin-Armia
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.146

Abstract

Islamic kingdoms in Indonesia have played significant roles in spreading and enforcing Islamic law. Each kingdom has a judge from an Islamic school in the Islamic judiciary process. If the cases are difficult to adjudicate, the court invites other Islamic scholars from other kingdoms to give their opinion on the cases. Islamic scholars have habitually written books to be used by further Islamic scholars. Although Islamic kingdoms have shared their experiences and knowledge, the implementation of Islamic law has still been different even though decisions tended to find their way to justice. For instance, in family law cases, the verdicts could be different, considering the customary law established in each kingdom. This article utilizes a historical legal approach to analyze the data from historical documents in Indonesia. The Islamic court in Indonesia has grown from the court in the time of Islamic kingdom, including Islamic family law. However, the present-day Islamic court has developed further than it was in the time of Islamic kingdom in Indonesia. Thus, the 4.0 era has also affected the judiciary process. Abstrak: Kerajaan-kerajaan Islam di Indonesia telah memainkan peran penting dalam menyebarkan dan menegakkan hukum Islam. Setiap kerajaan memiliki hakim dari sekolah Islam dalam proses peradilan Islam. Jika kasusnya sulit untuk diadili, pengadilan mengundang ulama Islam lainnya dari kerajaan lain untuk memberikan pendapat mereka tentang penyelesaian kasus tersebut. Cendekiawan Islam memiliki kebiasaan menulis buku yang digunakan untuk sarjana Islam selanjutnya. Meskipun di antara kerajaan-kerajaan Islam telah berbagi pengalaman dan pengetahuan, penerapan hukum Islam masih berbeda, meskipun cenderung mencari jalan menuju keadilan. Misalnya, dalam kasus hukum keluarga putusannya bisa berbeda, mengingat hukum adat yang dipraktekkan dalam suatu kerajaan. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum historis untuk menganalisis data dari dokumen sejarah di Indonesia. Peradilan Islam di Indonesia memiliki keterkaitan dengan peradilan pada masa kerajaan Islam, termasuk hukum keluarga Islam. Akan tetapi Peradilan Islam saat ini lebih berkembang dibandingkan pada masa kerajaan Islam di Indonesia; salah satu penyebabnya adalah era 4.0 juga mempengaruhi proses peradilan. Kata Kunci: Kontribusi Kerajaan Islam, Peradilan Islam Di Indonesia, Pendekatan Hukum Historis
MALADMINISTRATION AND INTENTIONALITY ON THE CRIMINAL CORRUPTION COURT IN INDONESIA Elstonsius Banjo; Surastini Fitriasih; Eva Achjany Zulfa
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.147

Abstract

Maladministration and state financial losses have been the basis of the Criminal Court of Corruption’s decision to punish the defendant. Judges' decisions are often based on proven objective facts while subjective facts, including the "intentions" of offenders, are often disregarded even though the principle of criminal responsibility presupposes both objective and subjective aspects as a basis sentencing defendants. As a result, the enforcement of corruption in Indonesia has become a long-standing and polemic issue of justice. This study examines how "intention" is the main element used to determine whether the defendant is guilty under Article 2 and Article 3 of the "PTPK Law" in the Indonesian Corruption Court. The analysis is based on the theory of Criminal Responsibility through the "analytical and critical approach" in which its aim is to avoid "liability without fault" and to ensure that "committed intentionally" is the main element used in decision making regarding corruptor sentencing. Abstrak: Maladministrasi dan perhitungan riil kerugian keuangan negara telah menjadi dasar Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi untuk memidana terdakwa sesuai Pasal 2 dan Pasal 3 UU PTPK. Keputusan hakim lebih membuktikan/mempertimbangkan fakta objektif daripada fakta subjektif atau "niat jahat" pelaku atas perbuatan yang dilakukan. Padahal asas pertanggungjawaban pidana mensyaratkan unsur objektif dan subjektif sebagai dasar pengadilan untuk menjatuhkan pidana terhadap terdakwa. Akibatnya, penegakan hukum kasus korupsi di Indonesia menjadi polemik keadilan yang berkepanjangan, terutama terhadap seseorang yang telah dipidana bersalah. Penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana “niat jahat" pelaku menjadi unsur utama untuk menyatakan kesalahan atas tindak pidana korupsi pada Pasal 2 dan Pasal 3 “UU PTPK” di Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia. Analisis didasarkan pada asas dan teori Kesalahan melalui “pendekatan analitis-kritis”. Tujuannya untuk menghindari “pertanggunjawaban pidana tanpa kesalahan”, dan “melakukan dengan sengaja” adalah unsur utama untuk menyatakan kesalahan dan memidana pelaku.Kata Kunci: Maladministrasi, Kesengajaan, Pengadilan Korupsi, Keadilan
APPLICATION OF NO-FAULT DIVORCE LEGAL RULES AS A BASIS FOR JUDGES' CONSIDERATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF INDONESIA Khairani Mukdin; Zahrul Bawady; Tarmizi M.Djakfar; Muhammad Riza Nurdin
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.149

Abstract

No-Fault Divorce is a legal rule in divorce, involving a couple who wants to divorce without proof of their cause or reason in court. The concept first appeared in California in 1970 and has been used in Indonesia as legal material for judges considering divorce cases. The involved parties must assert that there is no match between the two or a difference that cannot be compromised. No-Fault Divorce is considered in accordance with the values contained in the fiqh. However, employing No-Fault Divorce as the primary consideration of judges in deciding divorce cases or generalizing each divorce case using this rule of law is inconsistent with the purpose of marriage (maqāṣid) in fiqh. This paper utilizes a descriptive comparative study to qualitatively analyze and compare the legal principle concept of No-Fault Divorce and its use in religious courts in Indonesia with the values originating from the fiqh mazhab. The study reviews several judges' decisions based on the legal rules of No-Fault Divorce in addition to scholars' books of fiqh mazhab. Knowing the cause of divorce without generalizing the issue could make the judicial process more transparent so that a judge's legal justification can be seen. In general, the divorce decision is used as a basis for determining other judgments related to family matters, such as determining child custody and common property rights. Divorce is not a trivial action without basis since marriage is sacred in religion and Indonesian society. Abstrak: No-Fault Divorce adalah suatu kaidah hukum dalam perceraian yang mengandung maksud bahwa ketika suatu pasangan ingin bercerai, maka keduanya tidak perlu membuktikan sebab atau alasan mereka bercerai didepan pengadilan. Mereka cukup menegaskan bahwa di antara keduanya sudah tidak ada kecocokan, atau terdapat perbedaan yang tidak dapat dikompromikan lagi. Paham ini pertama sekali muncul di California tahun 1970 dan telah digunakan di Indonesia sebagai salah satu pertimbangan hukum materiil hakim dalam perkara perceraian. Penggunaan kaidah hukum No-Fault Divorce sebagai salah satu penguat pertimbangan hakim dianggap sejalan atau sesuai dengan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam fiqh mazhab. Namun demikian menjadikan No-Fault Divorce sebagai pertimbangan utama hakim dalam memutuskan perkara perceraian atau menyamaratakan setiap kasus perceraian dengan menggunakan kaidah hukum ini dianggap tidak sejalan dengan tujuan pensyariatan (maqāṣid) pernikahan dalam fiqih. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini deskriptif komparatif yang dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan cara membandingkan pemahaman konsep kaidah hukum No-Fault Divorce dan penggunaannya pada Pengadilan Agama di Indonesia dengan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam fiqh mazhab. Data yang menjadi objek penelitian adalah beberapa putusan hakim yang mencantumkan langsung kaidah hukum No-Fault Divorce dan kitab-kitab fiqh mazhab karya ulama. Kaidah hukum No-Fault Divorce ini kurang relevan dan sejalan dengan nilai-nilai fiqh meskipun dapat mempercepat proses peradilan. Bagaimanapun mengetahui sebab perceraian tanpa menyamaratakan persoalan akan lebih jelas proses mengapa putusan itu diberlakukan dan dan lebih jelas siapa yang salah dan siapa yang benar sehingga terlihat keadilan hukum dari suatu putusan. Karena biasanya putusan perceraian ini akan menjadi dasar bagi penetapan putusan lain terkait dengan hak-hak dalam keluarga seperti hak penetapan hak asuh anak maupun hak harta bersama dan lain sebagainya. Lebih dari itu terjadinya perceraian bukanlah hal yang sepele yang tanpa dasar, karena pernikahan merupakan suatu yang sakral dalam agama dan dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Kata Kunci: No-Fault Divorce, Pertimbangan Hakim, Fiqh Mazhab
THE MBOJO LOCAL WISDOM AS AN ALTERNATIVE FOR THE SETTLEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS DISPUTES Asri Wijayanti; Lelisari; Indah Kusuma Dewi; Chamdani; Satria Unggul Wicaksana Prakasa
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.151

Abstract

This study addresses the inability of workers to resolve industrial relations disputes, thus eliminating their rights. Being unable to settle industrial relations disputes can result in losses jobs, strikes, lockouts, demonstrations, defamation, destruction of property, or even the loss of one's life. These negative impacts greatly affect the peace and comfort of work, national security, and stability. These problems, among others, can be overcome through advocating for workers who are dealing with industrial relations disputes. Mechanisms for resolving industrial relations disputes often do not give satisfactory results or fail if they are carried out based on formal regulations. However, the advocacy model for workers in industrial relations disputes based on the local wisdom of the Mbojo Tribe, Bima, Nusa Tenggara, can be an alternative solution for both anticipating industrial relations disputes that cannot be resolved and for achieving social justice for workers without harming employers. The purpose of this study is to describe the substance and procedure for resolving industrial relations disputes based on the local wisdom of the Mbojo Tribe, Bima, Nusa Tenggara, which is based on Islamic sharia. This legal research uses a conceptual and historic legislative approach. The results of the research find that the local wisdom of the Mbojo tribe written in the BO book can be the basis for alternative solutions that can build an industrial relations dispute resolution system that is closer to the sense of community justice than the current system. Abstrak: Problem dalam penelitian ini, yaitu adanya ketidakmampuan pekerja dalam menyelesaikan sengketa hubungan industrial yang menghilangkan haknya. Tidak dapat terselesainya sengketa hubungan industrial, dapat mengakibatkan kerugian, terjadinya mogok, lock out, unjukrasa, demonstrasi, pencemaran nama baik, pengrusakan barang milik orang lain sampai dengan hilangnya nyawa seseorang. Dampak negatif ini, sangat mempengaruhi ketenangan dan kenyamanan kerja, keamanan dan stabilitas nasional. Problem ini diantaranya akan dapat diatasi melalui advokasi kepada pekerja dalam menghadapi sengketa hubungan industrial. Mekanisme upaya penyelesaian sengketa hubungan industrial, seringkali belum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan atau gagal apabila dilakukan berdasarkan kebenaran formal. Model advokasi pada pekerja dalam sengketa hubungan industrial berbasis kearifan lokal Suku Mbojo, Bima, Nusa Tenggara, akan dapat menjadi alternatif solusi atas antisipasi terjadinya sengketa hubungan industrial yang tidak dapat terselesaikan, serta untuk mencapai keadilan sosial bagi pekerja tanpa merugikan pemberi kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendiskripsikan substansi dan prosedur penyelesaian sengketa hubungan industrial berbasis kearifan lokal Suku Mbojo, Bima, Nusa Tenggara, berdasarkan syariah Islam. Penelitian hukum ini menggunakan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan konseptual dan sejarah. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah kearifan lokal suku Mbojo yang tertulis dalam kitab BO dapat menjadi dasar alternatif solusi untuk membangun sistem penyelesaian sengketa hubungan hubungan industrial yang lebih dekat dengan rasa keadilan masyarakat. Kata Kunci: Sengketa Hubungan Industrial, Suku Mbojo, Kearifan Lokal, Kitab BO, Hukum Islam
INTRODUCTION Muhammad Siddiq Armia; Muhammad Syauqi Bin-Armia
PETITA: JURNAL KAJIAN ILMU HUKUM DAN SYARIAH Vol 7 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : LKKI Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/petita.v7i2.154

Abstract

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