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Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering

JEMMME
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Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

ISSN : 25416332 EISSN : 25484281 DOI : -

Core Subject : Engineering,

Mechanical Engineering

Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Scientific (JEMMME) is a scientific journal in the area of renewable energy, mechanical engineering, advanced material, dan manufacturing engineering. We are committing to invite academicians and scientiests for sharing ideas, knowledges, and experiences in our online publishing for free of charge. It would be our pleasure to accept your manuscripts submission to our journal site.

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Articles 163 Documents

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THE INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS TOWARD COLLAR HEIGHT ON INCREMENTAL BACKWARD HOLE-FLANGING PROCESS Fakhruddin, Muhammad; Choiron, Mochammad Agus; Purnowidodo, Anindito
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

AbstractÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â The experimental study of the influence of process parameters towards collar height on incremental backward hole-flanging (IBHF) process with aluminium plate workpiece was presented in this paper. The effect of process parameters toward collar height which produced by IBHF process was investigated. Experiments were performed with a CNC machine, a 30o conical forming tool, and aluminium plates. The process parameters are feed speed with two levels, radial forming step size with three, and axial forming step size with three levels. Some parameters were kept constant, i.e., spindle speed, initial hole diameter, final hole diameter, and conical forming tool diameter. Digital Vernier caliper was used to measure the height of the collar. Experimental results of IBHF process have shown that the feed speed (vf) parameter has no effect toward collar height. Increased radial forming step size (Îx/y), increased the collar height also. Increased the axial forming step size (Îz) reduced the collar height.Â Keywords: hole-flanging, incremental sheet metal forming, incremental backward.

The Effects of Transient Temperature around Welds on Mechanical Properties of A36 Steel Plate Jufri, Mohammad
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

There are various ways for welding experts to improve their production quality, and one of which is by designing a particular type of welding tool. Besides aiming to replace the function of operatorâs body parts, the tool is also able to control buckling distortions, crack propagations, and stress voltage, as well as to save an additional work, which is the heat treatment after welding process. The best method to control buckling distortions from the thin plate is by applying pre-heating and thermal tensioning. Thermal tensioning is the characterization by heat application during welding process. Transient thermal tensioning is a supporting tool around the weld which is given periodical heat by following the movement of arc welding. The purpose of this research was to minimize distortions and maximize the performance (mechanical properties) of welding joints shaped due to the transient temperature application during the welding process. The method employed in this research was experiment by using A36 steel plate with transient temperature variation of 100, 200, and 300oC, with velocity of 8 mm/s and heater (toutch) distance of 4, 6, and 8 cm. In this research, the researcher conducted tensile-strength test according to the JIS G 3101 standard and hardness test around weld, HAZ (Heat Affected Zone), and parent metal.The findings showed that the change of transient temperature and heater distance affected the mechanical properties (hardness and tensile strength) of A36 steel. The highest level of hardness was obtained in the temperature of 200Â°C and heater distance of 6 cm, which was as much as 404 VHN. The highest level of tensile strength was obtained in the temperature of 200Â°C and heater distance variation of 8 cm with yield stress of 302 Mpa and maximum tensile strength of as much as 491 Mpa.

Water Turbine Simulation using Autodesk Simulation CFD Suwarsono, Suwarsono; Budiono, Budiono
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

The need on electricity increases annually while its supply decreases, meanwhile power plant has not increased. Process of building microhydro power plant needs scientifically experience and more time to give suitable result as it designed. Sengkaling Cross-flow Microhydro power plant resulted inappropriate electricity power compare with designed power plant. The design is mostly not in accordance with planned calculation. It is caused by the engineer who is not considering surrounding condition. Therefore, simulation is very important to be conducted that it only needs short time to the design maximally arranged. By simulation, building and assembling process can be conducted faster and decreases error risks. Simulation for this research used AUTODESK SIMULATION CFD.

Spider Web Shape of Brass Catalytic Converter for Reducing Exhaust Gas Emission Hendaryati, Heni; Mokhtar, Ali
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

The rapid increase of the number of motor vehicles, especially motorcycles, makes serious problem caused by the pollution from gas emission of fossil fuel combustion. The problems related to human health and the erosion on ozone layer is credited to its gas emission. Several dangerous and toxic gasses such as Hydrocarbon (HC), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Nitrogen Oxide (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), and Lead (Pb) are emitted during IC engine operation.To manage those dangerous gasses, catalytic converter which converts the gasses into more eco-friendly CO2H2O and N2 may be employed. In this research, a specially designed catalytic converter made from brass (CuZn) wire in the form of spider web pattern was fitted into exhaust system of a standard motorcycle. The performance of the converter for several engine rotation speeds was examined by measuring CO and HC of exhaust by using Gas Analyzer.By comparing the exhaust of a standard exhaust system and modified exhaust system (fitted with converter), it can be concluded that the converter was able to decrease the exhaust emission gas. For HC content, the percentage of decrease was as much as 36,88 % for converter fitted exhaust system compared to 61.12% for standard one. For CO content, the decrease percentage was 19.90% compared to 80.10% for standard one.

Influence of Horizontal Pipe Length to Flooding of Counter Current of Water-Air Flow in Complex Pipe Hartono, Samuel; Deendarlianto, Deendarlianto
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 2, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

This research has been conducted study the effect of horizontal pipe length on flooding phenomenon. Observation of the flow phenomenon has used high speed camera. Working fluids for this study were water-air and the water flow was countercurrent to the air through a hot leg simulator. Hot leg simulator consisted of an acrylic horizontal pipe with inside diameter of 25.4 mm and an elbow with inclination angle of 500. The ratio of length to diameter pipe used in this study L/D = 25, L/D = 50 and L/D = 94.5. Water superficial velocity (JL) were 0.016 m/s, 0.049 m/s, 0.082 m/s. For each water superficial velocity, air superficial velocity (JG) was increased gradually with 0.1646 m/s from 0 m/s until flooding phenomenon appeared. Time interval to change air superficial velocity was 15 seconds. The result of this study was flooding phenomenon appeared earlier for higher L/D, and it was observed that the onset of flooding shifted toward the bend. It was also observed that flooding phenomenon shifted away from the bend for higher JL while L/D kept constant.

The Effect of the Ball Size on the Product Characteristics of Shaker HEBM to Produce Nano Particle from Bamboo Charcoal Sastrowiyono, Supriyono
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 3, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

The objective of this research is to study the effect of ball size on characteristics of product of shaker high energy ball milling (HEBM) to produce nano particle from bamboo charcoal. A new shaker mechanism is developed. The characteristics of the particle are represented by particle size, surface morphology, and the substances presence in the product. Particle size analyzer (PSA) is conducted to have the particle sizes, whereas SEM and EDX are used to have surface morphology and substances presence in the products respectively. The mixtures of 11 gr of bamboo charcoal powder of 200 meshes and about 299 gr of steel ball are placed in vials. The vial is from stainless steel cylinder with 1 Â inch diameter and 120 mm length. The stroke of the shaker is 54 mm at increasing speed of connecting rod pulley for every 1 million cycles. The total number of cycle is 3 million. Therefore, the connecting rod speed of the first 1 million cycles is 300 rpm, the second is 333 rpm, and the third is 367 rpm. The steel ball sizes are Â and Â inch. PSA results indicate that there is no certain correlation between the steel ball size and particle size. The final shape of the particles is determined by fracture mechanism. The highest substance presence in the result is carbon and followed by silicon.

An analysis on Aerodynamics Performance Simulation of NACA 23018 Airfoil Wings on Cant Angles Hariyadi, Setyo
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 2, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Winglet attached on the tip of aircraft wings to increase lift. Mainly, winglet used for increasing aerodynamic efficiency, it decreases induced drag caused by vortex on wings tip. The phenomenon of vortex is collision of high-pressured air below the wings meet the low-pressured air above it that cause turbulence. Induced drag may reach 40% of total drag during cruising, and 80-90% while take off. A procedure to decrease induced drag is using wing tip devices. It used on commercial aircrafts and the most frequently used is blended winglet. Numerical study conducted to examine the best aerodynamic performance of sub-sonic plane wings in angles of attack. Analysis on NACA 23018 airfoil wings with blended winglet on the tip was conducted. Freestream velocity of 40 m/s or Re = 1 Ã 106, and angle of attack (Î±) 0o, 5o, 10o, and 15o are used. Evaluation for parameter includes coefficient pressure (Cp), velocity profile, lift, drag, and ratio CL/CD. Obtained contour are pressure contour, velocity, and vorticity. In view of all this, there is increasing performance of aerodynamic with CL/CD ratio of wings with blended winglet and plain wing. Reaching current angle of attack, the function of winglet is gradually decrease.

Modification of Carbon Nanotube for Synthesis of Titania Nanotube (Tint)-Carbon Nanotube (Cnt) Composite Heltina, Desi
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Carbon nanotube (CNT) is a material widely chosen for object of research in nano technology. Apart from its good absorbent property, CNT also has a unique structure, superior mechanic and electric properties and its high strength. The property of CNT above is to be expected to improve performance of Titania nanotube (TiNT) composite. Properties of pure CNT are hydrophobic at the surface and low dispersion stability. To improve dispersability of CNT then modification need to be modified. Adding Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant on CNT is a way to increase dispersion stability of TiNT-CNT. The objective of the research was to study influence of adding of Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant to synthesis of TiNT-CNT composite in degrading phenol compound. Pure CNT was added with CTAB surfactant in liquid, then was sonificated and dried. Surfactant Cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) added CNT then composited with TiNT. Phenol degradation then tested by using TiNT-CNT (CTAB) in reactor for 4.5 hours. Then sample was characterized by employing Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and UV-vis Spectroscopy. The result of experiments from FESEM characterization showed forming of TiNT-CNT composites morphology. From Xâray Diffraction (XRD) characterization showed crystal formed on TiNT-CNT only of anatase crystal. Degradation of TiNT-NT composite (CTAB) to phenol was also studied.

Mechanical and Corrosive Nature of Galvanized Steel in Sodium Chloride Solution Chowdhury, Azrin Akhter; Aisyah, Iis Siti
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Galvanizing also denoted as zinc coating is a scientifically approved method applied to protect iron and steel against the effects of corrosion. In the galvanization process, aluminum is added with zinc. Zinc has numerous properties under different environmental conditions. These properties are subject to change when it comes to the coating process. The common properties here may include its appearance, hardness, the thickness along with other mechanical and physical properties. Due to these properties, there may also be inconsistency on the coating structure. So the addition of aluminum unto zinc, will ensure that various properties are eliminated for the better improvement of the zinc coating process. Aluminum possesses stronger mechanical properties and therefore valid for the coating process. It ensures that zinc is not arrived at by the corrosion agents. In this study, the focus will largely be based on the impact of aluminum on corrosion behavior as aligned to hot-dip galvanized steel. However, in this study, the galvanization process was performed using the dry process. The percentage variation of zinc resulted in different results in the rate of corrosion. The hardness of zinc thus increased via additional of aluminum percentage.

Optimization Design of Multifunction Machines For Making 2 Kinds of Animal Feed Effendi, Riki; Maghfurah, Fadwah; Rudiarto, Rudiarto
Journal of Energy, Mechanical, Material and Manufacturing Engineering Vol 3, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Optimization design of multifunctional machines for making of animal feed is one of the development efforts of conventional machinery to be a multifunctional machine with electric motor drive which is to help small MSME industries so that their results and capacity are faster and more effective during the process of milling and grinding. This is a new concept designed to increase the time effectiveness of its use. This tool is specifically designed to chop odot grass and grind corn kernels, where the tool works using resources from an electric motor that moves a U-type blade or type I blade for knitting or grinding. The method used to make multifunction machines includes the development of existing models, seeking research on previous tools, refining the design model concept, making 3D models using the Solidworks Computer Aided Design (CAD) with a cycle time of 50 seconds on different test pieces and mills where assembly time is needed to complete the multifunction machine for ± 20 days or 28800 minutes.

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