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Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 08532788 EISSN : 25277669 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 4, No 2 (1994)" : 8 Documents clear

PEMURNIAN DAN KARAKTERISTIK DEXTRANASE BACTEROIDES RUMINICOLA SUBSP BREVIS Tami ldiyanti
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The dextranase of B.ruminicola subsp. brevis from bovine rumen has high ability to degrade the D - (1,6) a-glucosidic linkages of dextran substrate. Purification of crude dextranase was done by using ion-exchange chromatography and electrophoresis. It was observed that the purification until ion exchange step by microcrystal cellulose column increased theactivity of dextranase by 400 fold. The purified dextranase was most active at pH 5.5 and 40°C-45°C. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by metal ions such as Cu++,Fe++ and Hg++. The major product in early stage of dextran hydrolysis which were analyzed by paper chromatography showed dextranase of B.ruminicola to be an endotype enzyme.

CYTOTOXIC ISOFLAVONOIDS OF PACHYRRHiUS EROSUS SEEDS Leonardus B.S. Kardono; Soefjan Tsauri; John M. Pezzuto; A. Douglas Kinghorn; Kosasih Padmawinata
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

By bioactivity-directed fractionation, phytochemical and cytotoxic studies of the seeds of Pachyrrhizus erosus L. resulted in the isolation of isoflavonoid-based compounds, one novel compound and eight known compounds, comprising the novel coumaronochromene, pachyrrhisomene {1}, the known pterocarpan, neodulin {2}, the known 3-arylcoumarin, pachyrrhizin {3}, the known isoflavonoid, dehydroneotenone {4}, five known rotenoids, rotenone {5}, l2a-hydroxyrotenone {6}, 12a-hydroxypachyrrhizone {7}, 12a-hydroxyerosone {8}, and 12a-hydroxymunduserone {9}. The identities of these compounds were elucidated or confirmed using combination of modern one- and two- dimensional NMR techniques, such as 1H-1H COSY, CSCMID, 1H-1H NOESY, and selective INEPT, as well as by comparison with published spectroscopic data. It is likely that the novel compound, pachyrrhisomene {1} is derived from the same biosynthetic intermediate as the pterocarpan, neodulin {2}. All of these compounds were evaluated for their anticancer potential in a battery of tumour cell lines, comprishing P-388 lymphocytic leukemia, KB-carcinoma of the nasopharynx, a multi-drug resistant variant of KB, KB-VI, and a number of human cancer cell lines derived from a variety of tumour types, namely fibrosarcoma, lung, colon, melanoma, and breast. Two compounds, rotenone {5} and 12a-hydroxyrotenone {6} were observed to exhibit potent but nonspecific activity.

KESTABILAN AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI HASIL FERMENTASI MOLASE OLEH STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS ATCC 33022 Sri Handayani; Krisanti Yuwati; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Molases and ammonium sulfate can be used as medium component to supply carbon and nitrogen respectively for production of antibacterial, through fermentation by Sirimosus ATCC 33022. During fermentation, pH, biomass and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus were observed. The results of this investigation indicated that the antibacterial production started after 48 hours of incubation and the maximum production was achieved after 144 hours of incubation. The antibacterial agent was extracted with n-butanol of technical grade and HCI 0.1 N and purification was carried out by recrystallization with ethanol as the solvent. The yield was 50.278 mg antibacterial agent per litre of fermentation medium. The isolated antibacterial compound possesses Amax of 266 nm whereas the oxytetracycline demonstrated maximum peak at 267nm with Eo 1.8529 x 10(4) cm(-l) M(-1). Thin layer chromatography with three eluents of the standard oxytetracycline gave Rf of 0.76; 0.64 and 0.75 while the isolated compound gave 0.76; 0.65 and 0.77 for the respective eluent. HPLC analysis on J-l-bondapak C-18 column with methanol-acetonitrile-oxalic acid 0.1 M (1 : 15 : 7) being the solvent indicated that the isolated antibacterial agent and oxytetracycline standard were eluted at 4.35 minutes. Further analysis with FTIR of both isolated antibacterial agent and oxytetracycline standard had peaks at 3400, 1650-1600, 1238 and 2916-2848 cm(-1) indicating the presence of fenol, amide, amine and methyl groups. Antimicrobial activity tests during storage at 4 °C and -12°C of the isolated compound in various HCI solutions showed that HCI 0.1 N gave the best stability.

CARBON MONOXIDE CHEMISORPTION- CHARACTERIZATION AND TESTING OF PREPARED NICKEL CATALYSTS FOR AMINATION OF ETHANOL Achmad Hanafi Setiawan
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Three types of nickel metal catalyst supported on silica gel have been prepared using impregnation, ion exchanged sodium hydroxide and ion exchanged ammonia methods, in order to investigate the influence of preparation methods on metal dispersion and their activities for amination of ethanol. All the catalyst samples had a nominal nickel loading of 5 % (w/w). After preparation, the catalysts were activated by a drying stage followed by calcination and reduction. The result of transferring the nickel salt to the support phase has shown that the impregnation method was the most efficient, and the least efficient being the ion exchanged sodium hydroxide method. The results from the carbon monoxide chemisorption studies showed that the nickel is poorly dispersed(2%) in the impregnated sample, and highly dispersed(20%) in the ion exchanged sample prepared by the ammonia method. The dispersion was lower(6%) for the catalyst prepared by the sodium hydroxide method due to the formation of sodium nickel silicates which were difficult to reduce. The amination of ethanol over these catalysts was found to take place at 503 OK with methane being formed as a byproduct. The ion exchanged sample prepared by the ammonia method gave the highest yield(57%) of ethylamine although its specific activity/m2 nickel metal(4 x 10-7) was similar to the sample prepared by the impregnation method. The retained sodium in the ion exchanged sodium hydroxide catalyst poisoned metal sites for ethanol amination.

PENGGANDAAN SKALA PRODUKSI ENZIM GLUKOAMILASE DARI LABU KOCOK KE FERMENTOR 10 L Patuan L. P. Siagian; A. T. Karossi; Yetti M.lskandar; Tigor N. Surawidjaja; Ngadiman Ngadiman
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Glucoamylase was produced in a 10 L stirred tank fermentor using Rhizopus oryzae L16 and sago (Metroxylon spy starch. Fermentation conditions were adapted from the results obtained from shake flask (250 mL) and 4L fermentor experiments. At the present investigation, the temperature was set at 30°C, pHs were at a constant value of 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0. Agitation rate at aeration 1.5 vvm were adjusted to 286 rpm, 300 rpm, and 350 rpm (medium volume 6 L). The maximum production of glucoamylase was reached at agitation rate 350 rpm, aeration 1.5 wm and pH 4.0. At day-s, the glucoamylase activity was 2,285 U/L and its specific activity was 9,326 U/g protein. At day-5 the specific activity increased to 13,631 U/g protein. This maximum production was reached at an average kLa of43 h(-1)

EKSTRAKSI DAN FRAKSINASI KOMPONEN BIOAKTIF ANTIMIKROBA DALAM BIJI INTISARI DAN DAUN LADA Lenny Sutedja; Herlina Agustina
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

In the framework of antimicrobial activity investigation, seeds and leaves of black pepper were fractionated with n-hexane, methanol, chloroform and water consecutively, to isolate the active fractions. The antimicrobial activity was determined by agar plate diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6536, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Antimicrobial activity against the microbes was not found in the pepper leaf extracts as well as in the n-hexane extract of the seeds. Methanol, chloroform and water extracts of pepper seeds showed antimicrobial activity against S.aureus and Calblcans, however they did not show any activity against E.coli. The chloroform extract, which was the most active, was further eluted and fractionated by column chromatography on silica gel, eluted gradually with n-hexanetethylacetate. Antimicrobial activity determination of the fractions obtained from the column chromatography, indicated that fraction L(IV) showed the highest activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of L(IV) illustrated the possibility of the presence of several compounds, such as piperonal; palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, B-sitosterol and 2(3H)-furanone, 3,4-bis (l,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmetyl) dihydro.

Studi Kromatografi Lapis Tipis Preparatif pada Pelat Silika dan Kromatografi Cairan Kinerja Tinggi pad a Kolom C18 dari Senyawa-Senyawa Hasil Biokonversi Solasodine J. Kantasubrata; T. Y. Fitri; V. A. Halomoan; Buchori Buchori; A. T.Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

The separation of solasodine bioconversion products-after fermentation with Mycobacterium phlei DSM 43286 has been carried out, using preparative thin layer chromatography on silica plate with chloroform-ethanol (48:1) mixture as an eluent. Chromatographic cross check of the compound being separated has also been done. In addition to the silica stationary phase, the separation of bioconversion products using CIS has also been explored. Solanesol and six derivatives of androstane or androstene standards could be well separated on Ci8 plate using methanol-chloroform (4:1). For the High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) separation on C18 column, the mixture of methanol-water was used instead of methanol-chloroform, since with the latter eluent, compounds being separated were eluted together with the solvent peak. The optimum resolution of solasodine bioconversion products could only be attained when the gradient elution technique using the mixture of methanolwater was used.

PRODUKSI GLUKOAMILASE DARI RHIZOPUS ORVZAE L16 PADA MEDIA PATI SAGU (METROXYLON) YANG MENGANDUNG EKSTRAK TAUGE Yetti M.lskandar; Linar Z.Udin; A. T. Karossi
Jurnal Kimia Terapan Indonesia Vol 4, No 2 (1994)
Publisher : Research Center for Chemistry - LIPI

Glucoamylase production from Rhlzopus oryzae L16 has been carrried out in a fermentation medium using sago (Metroxylon sp) starch. Various levels of mung bean sprout extract (1% - 5%) was added into the medium as vitamin source. The fermentation process was carried out at 30°C in aerobic condition with an agitation rate of 120 rpm and for five days. The results of the fermentation was compared with an other fermentation medium containing malt extract 3%. The glucoamylase specific activity of 4500 Unitslg protein, starch consumption of 62.5% and biomass produced of 2.93 g dry weighill: medium were demonstrated with the latter medium. It was found that media which contained 4% mung bean sprout extract had maximum glucoamylase specific activity of 19720 Unitslg protein at day-3. The enzyme activity was assayed at 55°C with incubation time 10 minutes. At this third day of fermentation the starch utilization reached 55.5% and the biomass production was 3.12 g dry weight/L medium.

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