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INDONESIA
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan
Published by Kementerian Perdagangan
ISSN : 19799187     EISSN : 25282751     DOI : -
Core Subject : Economy,
Economics, Econometrics & Finance
First published in 2007, Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan (BILP) is a scientific journal published by the Trade Analysis dan Development Agency (Badan Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Perdagangan - BPPP), Ministry of Trade, Republic of Indonesia. This bulletin is expected to be a media of dissemination and analysis of research results to be used as references for academics, practitioners, policy-makers, and the general public. In collaboration with professional associations, The Indonesian Society of Agricultural Economics (Perhimpunan Ekonomi Pertanian Indonesia - PERHEPI), BILP publishes research reports and analysis of trade sector and/or sector-related trade which have not been published in any other journals/scholarly publications, either in Bahasa Indonesia or English. Publishing twice a year in July and December, this Bulletin is directly disseminated to stakeholders both in print and online.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 9 No 2 (2015)" : 7 Documents clear
EFISIENSI PEMASARAN GAMBIR DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA, SUMATERA BARAT Amelira Haris Nasution; Ratna Winandi Asmarantaka; Lukman M Baga
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (353.558 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.9

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efisiensi pemasaran gambir di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Sumatera Barat dengan menggunakan analisis efisiensi operasional dan efisiensi harga. Penentuan responden petani dipilih dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dan responden pedagang dipilih dengan snowball sampling. Data primer digunakan untuk melakukan analisis efisiensi operasional, sedangkan data sekunder time series bulanan dalam periode 2004 – 2014 digunakan untuk analisis efisiensi harga. Berdasarkan analisis efisiensi operasional terbukti bahwa saluran pemasaran yang terbentuk belum efisien akibat posisi tawar petani yang rendah. Dengan analisis efisiensi harga terungkap bahwa dalam jangka pendek, pasar gambir di tingkat petani tidak terintegrasi dengan pedagang besar dan ekportir, dan dalam jangka panjang pasar gambir di tingkat pedagang besar berkorelasi dengan eksportir namun tidak terintegrasi. Korelasi ini mengindikasikan adanya kolusi antara pedagang besar dan eksportir. Oleh karena itu, peran pemerintah diperlukan, terutama untuk mengoptimalkan regulasi pasar gambir yang ada di satu pihak dan meningkatkan peran kelembagaan petani di pihak lain. Kebijakan perbaikan akses informasi pasar dan ekspor gambir akan mampu menciptakan pemasaran gambir yang berpihak pada petani gambir. This study aims at analyzing the market efficiency of gambier in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, West Sumatera using analysis of operational and price efficiency. Farmers were chosen using purposive sampling method and middlemen were selected using snowball sampling method. Primary data were used for the operational efficiency analysis, and secondary data which was monthly time series data from 2004 to 2014 were utilized for the price efficiency analysis. Based on the operational efficiency analysis, it was proven that the marketing channels had been inefficient because the bargaining power of farmers was weak. By using the price efficiency analysis, it showed that in the short run, gambier market in the farm level was not integrated with the middlemen and exporter levels, whereas in the long run, gambier market in middlemen level had corellation with the exporter level but they had not been integrated. This correlation indicated that there was a collusion between the middlemen and the exporters. Therefore, the role of government is needed to maximize the regulation of gambier market and to increase the role of farmer institutions. This can be done by improving the market access information and gambier export policy to create marketing which supports the gambier farmers.
INTEGRASI HARGA DAGING SAPI DI PASAR DOMESTIK DAN INTERNASIONAL Ahmad Zainuddin; Ratna Winandi Asmarantaka; Harianto Harianto
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (346.024 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.4

Abstract

Permintaan daging sapi di Indonesia yang terus meningkat menyebabkan kesenjangan antara produksi dan konsumsi semakin melebar. Kelebihan permintaan tersebut dipenuhi oleh daging sapi impor yang menyebabkan harga daging sapi domestik mengikuti pergerakan harga daging sapi impor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis integrasi pasar daging sapi Indonesia dan dunia (respon harga daging sapi domestik terhadap perubahan harga internasional/dunia). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data bulanan harga retail daging sapi di Indonesia dan harga daging sapi internasional (periode 2009-2013). Analisis data menggunakan model Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi integrasi antara harga daging sapi di pasar domestik dan dunia dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek. Hal ini berimplikasi terhadap stabilitas harga daging sapi Indonesia tergantung pada harga daging sapi di pasar dunia. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah melalui Kementerian Perdagangan perlu menerapkan kebijakan stabilitas harga daging sapi agar konsumen dapat menjangkau harga daging sapi yang terus meningkat serta produsen juga tidak dirugikan. The increasing demand of beef in Indonesia has broadened the gaps between production and consumption. This excess demand is solved by importing beef which consequently makes the price of domestic beef follows the imported ones. This research aims to analyze the integration of beef market in Indonesia compared to the world market (as a response of domestic beef prices against the international/world price changes). The study used secondary data including the monthly retail price of beef in Indonesia and international beef prices during 2009-2013. Data analysis used was Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). The result shows that there is price integration between domestic beef market and the world market in the long and short run. It gives an implication to the stability of Indonesian beef price which depends heavily on the world market’s price. It is necessary that the government through the Ministry of Trade implement a policy of beef price stability so that the consumers will be able to purchase beef even the price keeps increasing and the producers will not lose the market.
DAMPAK KEBIJAKAN KEMASAN ROKOK SINGAPURA TERHADAP EKSPOR ROKOK INDONESIA Aditya Paramita Alhayat
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (331.563 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.10

Abstract

Pemerintah Singapura telah melakukan beragam kebijakan pengendalian tembakau (tobacco control) untuk menekan jumlah perokok. Singapura termasuk salah satu negara di dunia yang menerapkan regulasi ketat dalam pengendalian produk tembakau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperkirakan dampak penerapan kebijakan kemasan rokok Singapura terhadap ekspor rokok Indonesia. Kebijakan tersebut diasumsikan memiliki dampak sebagaimana kebijakan pengendalian konsumsi tembakau non-harga pada umumnya meskipun kebijakan tersebut belum diimplementasikan. Metode yang digunakan berupa analisis deskriptif yang dilengkapi dengan analisis ekonometri menggunakan Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) dengan sampel Triwulan III-2006 hingga Triwulan IV-2014. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ekspor rokok Indonesia lebih dipengaruhi oleh re-ekspor Singapura dibandingkan dengan konsumsi domestiknya. Selain itu, kebijakan pengendalian tembakau non-harga secara statistik tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi rokok di Singapura. Oleh sebab itu, Indonesia tidak perlu khawatir dengan rencana kebijakan kemasan rokok yang akan diterapkan. Pemerintah Indonesia harus aktif melakukan negosiasi apabila Singapura benar-benar menerapkan kebijakan kemasan rokok dalam rangka mendapatkan kompensasi perdagangan atas kebijakan tersebut. The government of Singapore has implemented various tobacco control policies to reduce the number of smoker. Singapore is one of the countries in the world that implemented a tight regulation to control tobacco products. This study aims to estimate the potential impacts of Singapore’s cigarette plain packaging policy on the Indonesian cigarettes exports. As this policy is not yet implemented, it is assumed that the policy will have the same impacts as the common tobacco control policy, especially for the non-price policy. The study used descriptive analysis supported by econometrics analysis using Two-Stage Least Squares method (2SLS) using quarterly data from III-2006 to IV-2014. The results showed that the Indonesian cigarettes export is much more influenced by the Singapore’s re-exports rather than by the domestic consumption. Moreover, the non-price tobacco control policies do not have statistically significant effect on the cigarette consumption in Singapore. Therefore, Indonesia should not be worried about the possible implementation of the plain packaging policy. Indonesian government must actively negotiate if Singapore finally implements the plain packaging policy  to get a compensation trade from this policy.
DAMPAK PERJANJIAN PERDAGANGAN INDONESIA - JEPANG (IJEPA) TERHADAP KINERJA PERDAGANGAN BILATERAL Septika Tri Ardiyanti
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (447.829 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.5

Abstract

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak perjanjian Indonesia – Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) terhadap perdagangan bilateral Indonesia-Jepang dari sisi ekspor maupun impor, dengan menggunakan data bulanan Januari 1990 sampai dengan Juni 2014. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan counterfactual dengan melakukan ekstrapolasi terhadap data perdagangan tanpa FTA (basis ekstrapolasi Jan 1990-Juni 2008) dan kemudian membandingkannya dengan data perdagangan aktual pada saat IJEPA telah diimplementasikan (Juli 2008-Juni 2014). Ekstrapolasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), sementara untuk menguji perbedaan antara kedua pengamatan data aktual dengan data ekstrapolasi digunakan uji t -berpasangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa IJEPA secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspor non migas Indonesia ke Jepang, namun tidak memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap peningkatan nilai impor non migas Indonesia dari Jepang. Dengan demikian, Indonesia terbukti mendapatkan keuntungan dari sisi perdagangan karena mampu meningkatkan nilai ekspornya ke Jepang. Oleh karena itu, kerjasama yang intensif antara kedua negara harus terus ditingkatkan untuk mengoptimalkan perjanjian tersebut. Pemerintah dapat mengusulkan adanya bilateral monitoring scheme kepada pemerintah Jepang dalam rangka meningkatkan pemanfaatan IJEPA. This study aims at examining the impact of Indonesia-Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) towards bilateral trade between Indonesia and Japan, using monthly data from January 1990 to June 2014. This research used a counterfactual approach by constructing extrapolated trade values with pre-FTA data (extrapolation based on January 1990-June 2008), then comparing those extrapolated data with the actual trade data in the period after the implementation of IJEPA (July 2008-June 2014). The extrapolation was done using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, while paired t-test was used to examine the difference between the actual data and the extrapolated data. The results show that IJEPA can significantly increase the value of Indonesia’s non-oil exports to Japan, but it has no significant impact on the value of Indonesia’s non-oil imports from Japan. It is proven that Indonesia gets benefits from IJEPA in terms of foreign trade since it can increase its export value to Japan. Therefore, intensive cooperation between Indonesia and Japan should be improved by proposing a bilateral monitoring scheme to the Japanese government in order to improve the functions of IJEPA.
DAYA SAING REMPAH INDONESIA DI PASAR ASEAN PERIODE PRA DAN PASCA KRISIS EKONOMI GLOBAL Iwan Hermawan
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (414.686 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.6

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis tingkat daya saing ekspor rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN dan tingkat intensitas persaingan ekspor rempah dari negara-negara ASEAN. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), dan Index of Export Similarity (IES). Sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data tahunan periode tahun 2005-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya saing rempah Indonesia di pasar ASEAN mengalami perubahan antar periode pengamatan. Pada periode sebelum dan saat krisis ekonomi banyak komoditas rempah Indonesia berdaya saing rendah. Sedangkan pada saat pasca krisis ekonomi kondisi daya saing rempah tersebut mengalami peningkatan, khususnya vanili, kayu manis, jahe, kunyit, safron, timi, daun salam, daun kari, dan lada. Apabila dilihat dari sisi persaingan komoditas rempah negara-negara ASEAN di pasar Indonesia maka intensitasnya cenderung menurun. Lada dari Filipina, vanili dari Thailand, dan cengkeh dari Malaysia dapat menjadi kompetitor yang potensial di pasar rempah Indonesia karena daya saingnya meningkat di saat negara-negara lain menurun. Pemerintah Indonesia dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan potensi daya saing rempah melalui (a) teknik budidaya yang baik, (b) pengembangan industri hilir, (c) pemanfaatan bursa komoditas, dan (e) perbaikan fasilitasi perdagangan. The study aims at analyzing the level of export competitiveness of Indonesian spices and the intensity level of spices export competitiveness among ASEAN countries. This study used Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Intra-Industry Trade (IIT), Index of Export Overlap (IEO), and Index of Export Similarity (IES) approaches. The data used were time series during 2005-2013. The results showed that in the period before and during economic crises, most of Indonesian spice commodities are considered in the low level of competitiveness. However, that level has improved after the Indonesian economic crises, particularly for some spice commodities such as: vanilla, cinnamon, ginger, saffron, turmeric, thyme, bay leaves, and curry. Seen from the ASEAN countries’ spice commodities in Indonesian market, the level of competitiveness tends to decline in the intensity. Philippines pepper, Thai vanilla, and Malaysian clove may become the potential competitors in Indonesian market showing that those countries have increased the level of competitiveness whereas other ASEAN countries have decreased. Indonesian government should maintain and stimulate the potential spice competitiveness through: (a) an application of good cultivation technique, (b) a development of downstream industry, (c) a utilization of commodity exchange, and (e) an improvement of trade facilitation.
PENGARUH DIVERSIFIKASI EKSPOR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN NILAI TAMBAH PER TENAGA KERJA SEKTOR MANUFAKTUR BERBASIS AGRO DAN NON-AGRO Yudi Risman Hadiyanto
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (357.96 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.7

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh diversifikasi ekspor terhadap pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja sektor manufaktur berbasis agro dan non-agro. Data yang digunakan adalah data statistik industri (manufaktur) dan data ekspor periode 2000-2010 dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi panel dengan estimasi System Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) untuk mengatasi endogenitas pada variabel penjelas dan otokorelasi antara dependen variabel dengan lag-nya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa diversifikasi pasar ekspor berkorelasi negatif dengan pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro tapi tidak berpengaruh pada manufaktur agro. Diversifikasi produk horizontal ekspor berpengaruh positif bagi manufaktur non-agro tapi pengaruhnya negatif bagi manufaktur agro. Ini menunjukkan bahwa menambah varian produk ekspor dapat mendorong pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro sedangkan manufaktur agro sebaliknya. Diversifikasi produk vertikal ekspor berpengaruh positif bagi pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur non-agro namun tidak memberikan pengaruh bagi pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja manufaktur agro. Ini berarti bahwa -peningkatan ekspor produk-produk hilir manufaktur non-agro mampu mendorong pertumbuhan nilai tambah per tenaga kerja sektor manufaktur. Untuk menumbuhkan sektor manufaktur Pemerintah perlu mendorong investasi dan ekspor produk hilir dari manufaktur non-agro serta meningkatkan ekspor produk berdaya saing tinggi dari manufaktur agro. This study analyzes the effect of export diversification on the value added growth per labor of agro and non-agro based manufacturing sector. This research used the statistical data of industry (manufacturing) and export data in the period of 2000-2010, provided by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). As a method of analysis, panel regression is utilized using Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) in order to overcome the endogeneity problem on the explanatory variables and autocorrelation between the dependent variable and its lag. The results showed that the diversification of export markets has a negative correlation with the value added growth per labor of non-agro manufacturing sector but has no effect on agro manufacture. The horizontal product diversification of export has a positive impact on nonagro manufacture while for agro manufacture is negative. This indicates that the increasing of exported products can encourage the value added growth per labor, but it has the opposite effect on the agro manufacturing. The diversification of the vertical exported product has a positive influence on the value added growth per labor of non agro manufacture but does not give effect on the agro manufacture. This means that the increase of export of final products of non-agro manufacture is able to encourage the growth of the manufacturing sector. To support the growth of manufacturing sector, the goverment needs to encourage investment and exports of downstream industry products of non-agro manufacture and increase the export of highly competitive products in the agro manufacture.
ANALISIS HUBUNGAN HARGA TIMAH BKDI DAN LME SERTA KEBIJAKAN EKSPOR TERHADAP KINERJA EKSPOR TIMAH INDONESIA Hasni Hasni
Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Trade Analysis and Development Agency, Ministry of Trade of Republic of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1374.948 KB) | DOI: 10.30908/bilp.v9i2.8

Abstract

Timah merupakan bahan tambang yang tidak terbarukan. Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua sebagai produsen bijih timah terbesar dunia. Sejak 30 Agustus 2013, ekspor timah Indonesia harus melalui mekanisme transaksi di Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia (BKDI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara harga timah BKDI dan harga timah di London Metal Exchange (LME) serta kebijakan ekspor terhadap kinerja ekspor timah Indonesia. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dari BKDI, LME, Asian Metal dan BPS. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan metode Granger causality menunjukkan bahwa setelah satu tahun penerapan ekspor timah melalui BKDI, harga timah BKDI dipengaruhi oleh harga timah LME pada rentang waktu satu hari kerja. Dari sisi penerimaan ekspor, kebijakan ekspor melalui BKDI dapat meningkatkan nilai ekspor timah bulanan ke Singapura. Pemerintah harus melanjutkan kebijakan ekspor timah yakni ekspor melalui Bursa Komoditi dan Derivatif Indonesia untuk mencegah ekspor timah ilegal dan meningkatkan daya saing serta nilai tambah produk timah ekspor Indonesia. Tin is a non-renewable mineral. Indonesia is the second largest producer of tin ore in the world. Since August 30 2013, Indonesian tin export has been done through The Indonesia Commodity and Derivatives Exchange (ICDX) transaction mechanism. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ICDX’s tin price and the London Metal Exchange (LME) price as well as the effect of tin export mechanism through ICDX on the Indonesia’s tin export performance. The secondary data were taken from BKDI, LME, Asian Metal and BPS. The results showed that using Granger causality analysis, after one year the policy is being implemented, there is a relationship between ICDX’s tin price and LME price on one (working days) time lag. Tin export policy through ICDX mechanism can increase the value of monthly tin exports to Singapore, therefore it increases the export earning. The government needs to continue the tin export policy through the ICDX to prevent illegal tin export as well as to strenghten the competitiveness and value added of Indonesian tin export.

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