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Land Degradation and Option of Practical Conservation Concepts in Manna Watershed Bengkulu Indonesia Muhammad Faiz Barchia; Khairul Amri; Renra Apriantoni
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Watershed overcoming deteriorates in its function was indicated by increasing soil erosion and land degradation. The research aims were to determine and map critical land degradation levels and to chose options of practical conservation concepts in Manna watershed. The Manna watershed lays on 102°51'38.2" - 103°10'57.8" long, and 04°0'39.6" - 4°29'38.0" alt covering 72,899.9 ha. The analysis procedures to determine land degradation levels based on Ministry of Forestry Rule (No. P.32/Menhut-11/2009), Procedures of Technical Design on Forest and Land Rehabilitation in Watershed (RTkRHL-DAS). The results showed that the Manna watershed divided in three land uses functions namely protected forest, limited timber forest, and agricultural cultivated areas/settlement. The land starting overcome degradation in covered by 35,318.6 ha or 48,77% of the watershed based on digital mapping using ArcGIS 10.1 software. The lands that categorized the critical level of degradation covered 7,989.5 ha or 11,03% of the watershed, and classified in the high critical level were 169.8 ha or 0,23% of the watershed. Options of conservation practice on the degraded lands in the Manna watershed should implement agro-forestry models because of the physiographical landscape in this area covering by waving to hilly landforms. On the protected forest and limited timber forest should develop agro-forestry with collaborative approaches through social engineering and social forestry. Re-establishing land use of the Manna watershed based on functions of land is the wise options for the sustainable environmental concepts

Improvement of Selected Soil Chemical Properties and Potassium Uptake by Mung Beans After Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer in Ultisol Tristantia Anggita; Zainal Muktamar; Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.1.1.1-7

Recently, application of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) in organic farming practices is of importance to prevent further soil degradation due to prolong and massive use of synthetic fertilizer. LOF provides faster plant nutrients than soil organic fertilizer. However, quality of LOF is substantially dependent on its sources. Animal wastes from rabbit, goat, and cattle are scarcely used as sources of LOF production. The study aimed to determine soil chemical improvement and potassium uptake by mung bean as affected by LOF in Ultisol. The experiment was conducted at the Greenhouse Faculty of Agriculture, employing Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was animal wastes, consisting of goat, rabbit, and cattle wastes. The second factor was LOF concentration, consisting of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% LOF. LOF was prepared by mixing altogether animal feces, urine, soil, green biomass, EM-4 and fresh water to total volume of 10 l in a plastic container. LOF was decanted to the polybag every week starting at one week after planting for four weeks to a total volume of 750 ml per polybag. Variables observed included soil pH, total organic-C, exchangeable K, soil nitrate-N, K concentration in plant tissue, K-uptake, and shoot dry weight of sweet corn The result showed that application of LOF from rabbit waste had the highest increment of soil pH as compared to the other treatment. However, exchangeable K was observed highest at the treatment of LOF from goat waste. Sources of LOF from animal wastes did not have an effect on K-uptake by mung bean. In addition, application of LOF up to 100% was able to improve soil chemical properties as indicated by the increase in soil pH and exchangeable K. So did the concentration and uptake of K, as well as shoot dry weight. Fertilization with LOF has benefit to the improvement of soil chemical properties leading to better K uptake.

Application of a Dielectric Measurement Technique for Calculating Water Loss from Two Texture-contrasting Soils Grown with Upland Rice Bandi Hermawan; Pajrina Pajrina; Sumardi Sumardi; Indra Agustian
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.1.1.8-14

Most of the water loss from the soil profile occurred through the evapotranspiration process especially when the plant covers were under maximum growth periods. This study aimed to apply a technique of measuring a dielectric variable for calculating soil water content and crop water use in the coarse and medium textured soils grown with upland rice. A couple of wires were inserted into the soil repacked in a 10-kg polybag grown with upland rice, the electrical impedance representing the dielectric value was measured using an instrument called the impedance meter. The impedance values were converted into the soil water content using a nonlinear regression model of ? = a.ebZ where a and b were constants. Results showed that the proposed technique of measuring the electrical impedance has successfully been applied to calculate the soil water content and the water use by upland rice grown in loamy sand and sandy loam soils. Cumulative water loss from loamy sand was about 4 L plant-1 higher for the coarse loamy sand in the first 30 days of a measurement period, but about 10 L plant-1 higher for finer sandy loam on the 90th day of the rice growth period. Higher biomass of upland rice in the sandy loam soil could increase the evapotranspiration rates and be the main reason for higher water use in this soil.

The Effect of Road Network on the Analysis Result of the Level of Degraded Land (The Case at Tanjung Aur Watershed, Bengkulu Province) Bambang Sulistyo
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 1, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/terra.1.1.15-22

This study aims to investigate the effect of the road network on the results of the analysis of the level of degraded land at Tanjung Aur watershed, Bengkulu Province.The research method involves digital analysis of all the data affecting erosion and degraded land. The level of degraded land is defined as (Erosion + Slope + Percentage of Canopy Cover + Management), whereas the erosion itself is determined by the Universal Soil Loss Equation model and formulated as A = R x K x LS x C x P. All parameters are collected and then performed the analysis to produce as a map of the level of degraded land. Prior to the calculation of erosion and the level of degraded land, it is first made a map of land units which is the result of overlay analysis among land erodibility, slope and land use maps.In the first phase analysis, the calculation of erosion and the level of degraded land is done prior to the inclusion of road network, while in the second phase, calculation are done after the inclusion of road network. The results of the two analyzes are then compared to determine the effect of the inclusion of road network on the results of the analysis of the level of degraded land, either on the effect on the category changes in the level of degraded land and its coverage.The results showed that there were 690.42 hectares (4.7%) of the study area (14,684.86 hectares) whose the level of degraded land was changed as a result of the inclusion of road network, from the level of "Potentially Degraded" to the "Slightly Degraded".

The Simulation of Land Use Change On Soil Erosion and Sediment Transported Using SWAT Hidrological Models In The Upstream of Mrica Reservoir Catchment Area Lukman Hidayat; Bambang Sulistyo
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 2, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

The phenomenon of land conversion of natural forest into agricultural cultivation is an event in nature that must be understood to determine action in the future. The aim of this research was to know the influence of land use changes to soil erosion and sediment transported. Simulation on hydrological model was used as research method. Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) Hydrological models that have been validated on a very good level based on the Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), is used to simulate in land use changes, based on Land Cover Index Changes (IPL) permanent and production scenarios, on soil erosion (SYLD) and sediment transported (Sed-out), in 101,027.250 hectares of the upstream of Mrica reservoir catchment area. SWAT model simulation results indicate that quantitatively, the increase IPL permanent followed by a decrease in IPL production has the potential to lower the value of soil erosion ton/hectares/year) of approximately 5.77% to 82.37% and from 5.15% to 75.12% of sedimentary transported (mm/year). Qualitatively, positive Extreme scenario, can increase the value of soil erosion in some sub-catchments and the upstream of Mrica reservoir catchment area, from worse quality on the existing condition become moderate, and even good. Watershed management efforts to reduce the rate of soil erosion and sediment transported on the river, with land use changes should be followed by soil and water conservation techniques such as bench terraces and contouring.

Enhancing Soil Chemical Properties and Sweet Corn Growth by Solid Organic Amendments in Ultisol Sri Mega Sianturi; Zainal Muktamar; Mohammad Chozin
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 2, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

The negative impact of prolong and excessive application of synthetic fertilizers is a reason to reuse organic material as a plant nutrition resources and to enhance degraded soil. Organic materials such as animal and industrial wastes are commonly use as sources of organic amendment. The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in chemical properties of soil and the growth of sweet corn as affected by the application of solid organic fertilizers in Ultisol. This research was carried out in October 2016 until March 2017 at Greenhouse, University of Bengkulu, arranging in a Completely Randomized Design with two factors and three replications. The first factor was Organic amendment consisting of vermicompost, chicken manure, oil palm empty bunches compost (OPEBC). The second factors were rates of the amendment, i.e., 0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha-1. Results indicate that total soil organic carbon (TSOC) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) were not considerably different among types of organic amendments used in this study; however, an increase in soil pH and a decline of exchangeable Al are highest in the application of OPEBC as compared to others. Likewise, the growth of sweet corn was the best in soil amended with chicken manure. Soil chemical properties such as TSOC, TSN, soil pH significantly enhanced but exchangeable Al markedly lowered up to 20 Mg ha-1, then level off afterward. Sweet corn growth as indicated by plant height, shoot dry weight (SDW), and root dry weight (RDW) was also significant up to 20 Mg ha-1. This study suggests that the addition of organic amendment at a rate of 20 Mg ha-1 is sufficient to provide plant nutrient and improvement of soil properties for sweet corn growth.

A Model to Predict Plant-available Water Content of Soils at Different Land Units in Bengkulu, Indonesia Bandi Hermawan; Hasanudin Hasaanudin; Indra Agustian; Bambang Gonggo Murcitro
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Soil water availability to the plants is a very important physical property of soil that controls water and nutrient absorption by the plant. It is defined as the difference between the maximum amount of water the soil can hold and the minimum condition that the plant can no longer extract water from the soil. However, soil factors that control the plant available water content (PAWC) in the soil have not been fully understood. The present study aims to analyze the relations between particle-size distributions and organic carbon with the available water of the soil and to develop a model of predicting PAWC. Five soil profiles at different land units were described up to the depth of 100 cm. Ten undisturbed soil samples were taken using the stainless-made core sampler from 10 cm increments for the soil water holding capacity analysis. A similar number of disturbed samples were also provided from the same depths for soil texture and organic carbon analysis. Results showed that the variance in PAWC could be explained by sand and clay fractions (R2>0.35) but not by silt and organic carbon contents. Therefore, we were able to develop a model for the prediction of available water content in the soil from the sand and clay parameters. The model will help decision-makers be able to propose conservation and management strategies for PAWC in agricultural practices as well as for the soil moisture retention at civil works.

Relationship Characteristics Soil, Fertilization and Outcome of Rice in Village Lubuk Pinang, Mukomuko Weri Akmaldi; M. Faiz Barchia; Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

This study aims to determine the close relationship between the characteristics of paddy soils and rice yields in Lubuk Pinang, the Manjunto Air Irrigation area, and to determine the level of applied technology of farmers and rice yields in Lubuk Pinang, the Air Manjunto Irrigation area. This research was conducted in April 2018 until June 2018 in Lubuk Pinang, Lubuk Pinang District, Mukomuko Regency. The study was conducted by survey method. Data as collected through direct observation in the field and soil analysis at the Soil Science Laboratory of Bengkulu University. The results showed that the coefficient regression soil pH (X1 ) is 0.208 to 0.875 sig t values are not real in the statistics. The regression coefficient cation exchange capacity (X2 ) is -0.018 with t sig value 0,781. Regression coefficient peat depth (X3 ) is -0.002 to 0.814 sig t values are not real in the statistics. Regression coefficient levels of soil organic C (X4 ) is -0.507 to 0.307 sig t values are not real in the statistics.

Growth Response and Yield of Sweet Corn on Palm Oil Sludge and Dolomite in Ultisols Herry Gusmara; Ricci Handoko Silitonga; Bilman Wilman Simanihuruk
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Sweet corn is a very popular agricultural commodity in Indonesia, so the production of sweet corn needs to be increased. One of the problems that often encountered in the field is the lack of availability of fertile land that can support the growth of sweet corn. Therefore it needs technology to increase land productivity. In this case, the use of palm oil sludge as a source of organic matter and dolomite as a material that can improve soil fertility. The purpose of this research is to get the dosage of palm oil sludge and dolomite that optimal for the growth and yield of sweet corn. This research was conducted from December 2017 to March 2018 in Air Sebakul Village, Talang Empat Subdistrict, Central Bengkulu using Randomized Completely Block Design with two treatment factors. The first factor is the dosage of palm oil sludge consisting of three levels, namely 0 tons ha-1, 10 tons ha-1, and 20 tons ha-1. The second factor is dolomite dosage consisting of four levels, namely 0 tons ha-1, 2 tons ha-1, 4 ton ha-1, and 6 ton ha-1so that 36 sample units are obtained. The results showed that the best combination was obtained from 10 ton ha-1 palm oil sludge and 3,61 tons ha-1 dolomite, which was able to produce the diameter of corn crop stalks of 1,98 cm. The single palm oil sludge treatment gave no significant effect on all growth and yield variables. The addition of dolomite dosage up to 6 tons ha-1 was able to increase plant height, total leaf area, the weight of corn without cornhusk, length of corn without cornhusk, a diameter of corn without cornhusk, fresh weight of the plant, and dry weight of the plant.

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi and Coffee Pulp Compost in Improving Soil Water Uptake by Chilli Around the Permanent Wilting Point Conditions Ingri Dayana; Bandi Hermawan; Yudhi Harini Bertham; Dwi Wahyuni Ganefianti
TERRA : Journal of Land Restoration Vol 3, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu

Soil water availability to the plants is a range of water content between the field capacity and the permanent wilting point (PWP) conditions. The PWP is defined as the lower limit of soil water content that the plant can extract water from the soil as indicated by the symptoms of wilting plants. This is because plant roots are unable to penetrate the soil micropores that contain the water. The study aims to analyze the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and compost in enhancing soil water absorption by the plant when the water content is close to the permanent wilting point. Four doses of AMF (0, 5, 10 and 15 g.plant-1) and three doses of coffee pulp-made compost (0, 5 and 10 ton.ha-1) were arranged according to a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results showed that the application of AMF significantly enabled the plant to improve water uptake when the soil water content was about at the permanent wilting point conditions. The AMF addition of 15 g.plant-1 significantly prolonged the growing period of chili to wither and the plant showed the wilting symptoms at the soil water content of 5 to 7% lower than the no-AMF plants. Improved water uptake under water stress conditions was attributed to increases in the root colonization by AMF.

Home Page

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Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Bambang Gonggo Murcitro

Contact Email
bgonggo@unib.ac.id

Phone
+6285383468222

Journal Mail Official
terra.fp@unib.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, WR Supratman St. Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bengkulu,

Bengkulu

INDONESIA

Abstract

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Bambang Gonggo Murcitro

Contact Email bgonggo@unib.ac.id

Phone +6285383468222

Journal Mail Official terra.fp@unib.ac.id

Editorial Address Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, WR Supratman St. Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371 INDONESIA

Location Kota bengkulu, Bengkulu INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Bambang Gonggo Murcitro

Contact Email
bgonggo@unib.ac.id

Phone
+6285383468222

Journal Mail Official
terra.fp@unib.ac.id

Editorial Address
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bengkulu, WR Supratman St. Kandang Limun, Bengkulu 38371 INDONESIA

Location
Kota bengkulu,

Bengkulu

INDONESIA