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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012" : 7 Documents clear
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KHAMIR SECARA MORFOLOGI DI TANAH KEBUN WISATA PENDIDIKAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI SEMARANG -, Jumiyati; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Mubarok, Ibnul
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2265

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi khamir secara morfologi di tanah Kebun Wisata Pendidikan Unnes. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksplorasi yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi Jurusan Biologi FMIPA Unnes. Populasi penelitian adalah khamir di tanah Kebun Wisata Pendidikan Unnes. Sampel penelitian adalah isolat khamir yang diambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling yaitu membagi kebun menjadi lima zona dan setiap zona diambil secara acak lima titik pengambilan kemudian dihomogenkan. Sampel dibawa ke Laboratorium untuk dilakukan isolasi, purifikasi dan identifikasi secara morfologi koloni dan sel. Simpulan penelitian ditemukan tujuh isolat khamir dan termasuk ke dalam lima genus yaitu Saccharomyces, Candida, Debaromyces, Brettanomyces dan Saccharomycodes. The purpose of the research was to isolate and to identify morphologically the individually-isolated yeasts from the soil of Biology Educational Garden Semarang State University. The exploration research was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory Department of Biology, FMIPA Semarang State University. The yeasts were collected using purposive sampling technique in five zones and from each zone five random plots were selected to obtain the samples. Samples were isolated, purified and identified morphologically in terms of the colonies and the cells. Result revealed that seven isolated yeasts from five generas (Saccharomyces, Candida, Debaromyces, Brettanomyces, and Saccharomycodes) had been collected from the soil of Biology Educational Garden Semarang State University.
EFEKTIVITAS PEMBERIAN MINYAK SAWIT DAN MINYAK LEMURU DALAM MEMPERCEPAT PUBERTAS TIKUS BETINA Na’ima, Mirtaati; Susanti, R.; Christijanti, Wulan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2266

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektivitas pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru dalam mempercepat pubertas tikus betina, pada parameter peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Tikus betina usia 21 hari sebanyak 20 ekor dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok variasi pemberian minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru per oral, yaitu kelompok A (0%+0%), B (3%+3%), C (4%+4%), dan D (5%+5%). Pada akhir penelitian (hari ke-20), dilakukan pengambilan data peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium, dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Data dianalisis secara deskripsi dan statistik dengan anava satu arah. Jika terdapat perbedaan, dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minyak sawit dan minyak lemuru dapat mempercepat pubertas tikus betina khususnya dari peningkatan berat badan, berat ovarium, dan perkembangan folikel ovarium. Dosis paling efektif untuk mempercepat pubertas adalah 4% minyak sawit + 4% minyak lemuru. This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness of palm and lemuru oil for the acceleration of female rat puberty, especially in increasing the body weight, the ovarian weight and the follicle development. Twenty female rats aged 21 days were divided into 4 based on the variation of orally feeding palm and lemuru oil, namely group A (0% +0%), B (3% +3%), C (4% +4%), and D (5% +5%). At the twentieth day, data of the increase of the body weight, the ovarian weight and the follicle development were collected and then analyzed descriptively and statistically using one-way ANOVA. For any difference, the Least Significance Difference Test would be performed. The result of this study showed that palm and lemuru oil can accelerate the puberty of female rats. The most effective dose was 4% palm oil and 4% lemuru oil.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK LIMBAH DAUN TEMBAKAU MADURA TERHADAP AKTIVITAS MAKAN LARVA Spodoptera exigua -, Harwanto; Martono, Edhi; Trisyono, Andi; -, Wahyono
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2262

Abstract

Ekstrak tanaman untuk insektisida nabati tidak hanya berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas saja akan tetapi juga berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas makan serangga. Tujuan pengujian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstraklimbah daun tembakau madura terhadap aktivitas makan larva instar III Spodoptera exigua. Metode uji ada dua yakni pakan pilihan dan pakan tanpa pilihan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL), dengan 6 perlakuan konsentrasi dan 1 kontrol yang diulang 5 kali. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pemaparan ekstrak limbah daun tembakau dengan metode pakan pilihan: (1) berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot daun yang dikonsumsi pada semua konsentrasi dibandingkan dengan kontrol, (2) bersifat antifeedant terhadap larva S. exigua dengan indeks hambatan makan berkisar 17,51 – 38,12%, sedang ekstrak limbah daun tembakau pada uji pakan tanpa pilihan (3) berpengaruh nyata pada konsentrasi > 0,21% terhadap bobot daun yang dikonsumsi dibandingkan dengan kontrol, dan (4) bersifat antifeedant dengan indeks hambatan makan lebih tinggi (22,87 – 69,39%) daripada dengan pakan pilihan (17,51 – 32,12%). Plants extracts used for botanical insecticides do not only influence the mortality but also the feeding activity of insects. The aim of this test was to determine the activity of the extract of Madura tobacco leaf on the feeding activity of the third instar of beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua. There were two test methods, choice and no-choice feeding tests. The design of each test was a completely randomized design (CRD), with six treatment concentrations and one control, replicated five times. The results showed that the exposure of tobacco leaf extracts with the choice feeding: (1) had significant effect on the leaf weight consumed at all concentration compared to the controls, (2) act as antifeedant against the larvae of S. exigua with the index of food consumption barrier ranging from 17.51 to 38.12%; while the extract of tobacco leaf on the no-choice feeding test: (3) had significantly effect on the weight of leaves consumed compared to the control on the concentrations of > 0.21%, and (4) was antifeedant with the index of food consumption barrier higher (22.87 to 69.39%) than the choice feeding (17.51 to 38.12%).
EFEKTIVITAS ZPT 2,4 D PADA MEDIUM MS DAN LAMA PENCAHAYAAN UNTUK MENGINDUKSI KALUS DARI KOTILEDON KEDELAI Pudyastuti, Sri; Habibah, Noor Aini; -, Sumadi
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2267

Abstract

Dalam upaya menghasilkan kedelai yang tahan terhadap hama penyakit, dan cekaman, maka dilakukan pemuliaan dengan kultur jaringan, melalui kalus. Penggunaan kalus sebagai tahap penelitian selanjutnya yaitu induksi variasi somaklonal atau transformasi genetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi cahaya, konsentrasi 2,4 D optimal dalam setiap kombinasi perlakuan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Konsentrasi 2,4-D dan keadaan cahaya. Konsentrasi 2,4-D terdiri dari 4 taraf (0 ppm; 3 ppm; 6 ppm; dan 9 ppm;) dan 2 taraf lama pencahayaan (24 dan 0 jam). Variabel yang diamati adalah waktu muncul kalus, persentase tumbuh kalus dan berat kalus. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi 2,4 D merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi induksi kalus, interaksi 2,4 D dan kondisi pencahayaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan kalus. Interaksi 2,4 D dan kondisi pencahayaan tidak ada yang efektif untuk menginduksi kalus. Berdasarkan uji Duncan dihasilkan konsentrasi 2,4-D yang paling optimal adalah 9 ppm. In an effort to produce soybean that are resistant to pests and diseases and stress, the breeding was done by tissue culture, through callus. The use of callus is the further step in the research phases of somaclonal induction or genetic transformation. This study aimed to determine the condition of light, the optimal concentration of 2,4 D in any combinations of treatment. The research was using randomized block design consisting of two factors: the concentration of 2,4 D and the light. There was 4 levels of 2,4 D concentration (0 ppm; 3 ppm; 6 ppm; 9 ppm), and 2 levels of light exposure (24 and 0 hours). The observed variable was the time of the callus emerged, the percentage of the callus growth and the weight of the callus. The result showed that the concentration of 2,4 D was the factor affecting callus induction, whereas 2,4D and the interaction of light condition was not effective to induce callus. Based on Duncan test, the optimum concentration of 2,4 D was 9 ppm.
KANDUNGAN BAHAN ORGANIK DAN AKUMULASI MINERAL TANAH PADA BANGUNAN SARANG RAYAP TANAH Macrotermes gilvus Hagen (BLATTODEA: TERMITIDAE) Subekti, Niken
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2263

Abstract

Rayap Macrotermes gilvus Hagen mempunyai peranan ekologis rayap tanah M. gilvus sebagai degradator primer di dalam hutan, eksplorasi perananannya sebagai agen biologis dalam perbaikan vegetasi dan perbaikan kualitas tanah. Rayap dapat memodifikasi sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Penelitian tentang kandungan bahan organik telah dilakukan dengan analisis proksimat (metode Weende), sementara akumulasi mineral tanah menggunakan metode X-Ray berdasarkan Analysis Program Cristallynity. Rayap M. gilvus Hagen merupakan komponen penting dalam memodifikasi beragam mineral dari tanah disekitarnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan nyata antara komposisi mineral tanah dalam sarang rayap M. gilvus Hagen dengan mineral tanah disekitar sarang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kandungan bahan organik dalam bangunan sarang menghasilkan sebesar 98.33% dan padatannya 1.67%. Padatan ini terdiri dari karbohidrat sebesar 3.16%, abu 4.19%, lemak 23.95%, protein sebesar 39.52%, dan sisanya 29.18% berupa mineral-mineral. Bangunan sarang rayap yaitu SiO2 dan Despujolsite yang dibawa dari lingkungan sekitar kedalan bangunan sarang. Unsur-unsur yang lain diperoleh dari sebagian material yang berasal dari saliva, humus dan tanah sekitar sarang. The termite Macrotermes gilvus Hagen plays an ecological role. Subterranean termites M. gilvus is considered as the primary degradator in the forest, and therefore the exploration of its role as the biological agent to recover the vegetation and soil quality might be useful. Termites could modify the physical and chemical nature of soil. M. gilvus Hagen was an important component in modifying various minerals of the surrounding soil.  Research on the content of the organic materials had been proximat analysis (Weende methode), and the accumulation of soil mineral structure in the mound with X-Ray Methode (Analysis Program Cristallynity 2006). The result of the research indicated that there was significant difference between the composition of soil minerals in the mound of M. gilvus Hagen and the soil minerals around the mound. Analysis of the organic material in the mound building showed that the water was 98.33% and the solidity level was 1.67%, this solidity consisted of carbohydrate as much as 3.16%, ash as much as 4.19%, fat as much as 23.95%, protein as much as 39.52% and other minerals as much as 29.18%. The mound building in the minerals namely, SiO2 and Despujolsite, seemed to be carried in from the surroundings into the mound building. The other elements were obtained partly from the saliva, the fertile soil and the soil around the mound.
PERTUMBUHAN, VIABILITAS DAN PRODUKSI KOKON ULAT SUTERA YANG DIBERI PAKAN BUATAN BERPENGAWET Cholifah, Nur; Widiyaningrum, Priyantini; Indriyanti, Dyah Rini
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2268

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pertumbuhan, viabilitas dan produksi kokon ulat sutera Bombyx mori L yang diberi pakan alami dan pakan buatan berpengawet. Penelitian ini menggunakan ulat sutera Bombyx mori L. ras 301 hasil silangan ras Jepang dengan ras Cina yang diperoleh dari Pusat Produksi Ulat Sutera Temanggung. Variabel yang diukur selama penelitian adalah rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon,bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pakan buatan dan pakan alami menghasilkan perbedaan nyata terhadap pertumbuhan bobot badan, viabilitas, jumlah kokon, bobot kokon utuh dan kokon kosong. Pertumbuhan ulat sutera yang diberi pakan buatan berpengawet lebih rendah dibanding pertumbuhan ulat sutera dengan pakan alami, akan tetapi sebaliknya viabilitas dan produksi kokon lebih baik. The aim of this research was to compare the difference of growth, viability and cocoon production of silkworm (Bombyx mori L) fed by natural food and preserved artificial food. The artificial food were prepared with the addition of preservatives. The research used the silkworms Bombyx mori L variant 301 resulted from the crossbreeding between the Japanese silkworms and the Chinese silkworms obtained from PPUS, Temanggung. The parameters observed were the average body weight gain, the viability and the production of cocoon (the weight of the whole cocoon and the weight of empty cocoon). The data obtained was analyzed using t-test. The result confirmed that the artificial feeding and the natural feeding showed a significant difference in the increase of body weight, the viability and the production of cocoons of Bombyx mori L. It was concluded that the growth of body weight of silkworms fed with artificial feeding was lower than those fed with natural feeding, but higher in the viability and the cocoon production.
REGULASI KORTISOL PADA KONDISI STRES DAN ADDICTION -, Lisdiana
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i1.2264

Abstract

Stres adalah suatu kondisi dimanan tuntutan yang harus dipenuhi melebihi kemampuan yang dimilikinya, penyebab stres dinamakan stresor. Stres dapat terjadi akibat ketidakmampuan seseorang dalam merespon suatu stresor, sehingga dapat mengakibatkan gangguan badan atau jiwa. Addiction adalah suatu dorongan yang kuat, seperti dipaksakan untuk mengulangi suatu perbuatan tertentu meskipun tahu akan berakibat merugikan. Stress dan adicction akibat penyalahgunaan narkotika akan direspon oleh Hipotlamus-Pituitary-Adrenalin (HPA-axis), sehingga menye-babkan kadar hormon kortisol akan meningkat. Desain penelitian adalah Quasi-Eksperimental dengan Randomized Control Pretest-Postest Design Dengan subyek penelitian 22 Addict recovery yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi di Balai Kasih Sayang Pamardisiwi BNN Jakata.Variabel yang diukur adalah hormone yang disekresikan oleh HPA-axis, yakni hormon kortisol. Pemeriksaan kadar kortisol dengan menggunakan Radioimmunoassay (RIA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kadar kortisol pada Addict recovery yang menjalani rehabilitasi sebesar 9,2 – 13,97 µg/dl dan 16,5-16,9 µg/dl pada Addict recovery yang tidak menjalani rehabilitasi. Hal ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi perubahan hormone yang disekresikan HPA-axis pada kondisi stress dan addiction. Stress is a condition where the demands to be met is beyond the capabilities of a person, and something that causes a stress is called stressor. Stress can occur as a result of the inability of a person in responding a stressor, and the stress can cause physical or mental disorders. Addiction is a strong drive, forced to repeat a particular action even it is known that it will harm the body. Stress and adicction to drug abuse will be responded by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenalin (HPA-axis), causing the levels of the hormone cortisol to rise. The study design was a randomized Quasi-Experimental Control Pretest-posttest design with 22 addict recovery study subjects who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria in the National Narcotics Agency Jakarta.The variabel to be measured was cortisol secreted by the HPA-axis. The examination of the cortisol levels was using a radioimmunoassay (RIA). The results showed that the cortisol levels in the addict recovery subjects with and without rehabilitation were 9.2 to 13.97 mg / dl and 16.5 to 16.9 mg / dl, respectively. It was concluded that the levels of cortisol, secreted by HPA-axis in conditions of stress and addiction, have lowered.

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