International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS)
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes material on all aspects of public health science. This IJPHS provides the ideal platform for the discussion of more sophisticated public health research and practice for authors and readers world wide. The priorities are originality and excellence. The journal welcomes high-impact articles on emerging public health science that covers (but not limited) to epidemiology, biostatistics, nutrition, family health, infectious diseases, health services research, gerontology, child health, adolescent health, behavioral medicine, rural health, chronic diseases, health promotion, evaluation and intervention, public health policy and management, health economics, occupational health and environmental health.
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<![CDATA[Recycling Waste of Rice Husk to Improve Entrepreneurship Motivation ]]>
<![CDATA[Fatwa Tentama]]>;
<![CDATA[Surahma Asti Mulasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Muchsin Maulana]]>;
<![CDATA[Rini Anggraeni]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4767
<![CDATA[The farmers in Indonesia have not maximally taken advantage of the existence of rice husk; therefore the huge number of the husk becomes disturbing waste, which spoils environment. The waste of rice husk is potentially capable of improving the farmers’ economy amidst the people’s lack of knowledge about its potential to commercially produce charcoal briquettes from it, make it a plant growing medium, and change it into manure. This research aims at knowing if the training of recycling waste of rice husk can improve the farmers’ entrepreneurship motivation. The subjects of the research were farmers in groups at Bimomartani village, Ngemplak district, Sleman regency. They were 60 participants divided into experintal and control groups. The planned experiment used untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples. The paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test were used as the techniques of analysis in this research. The result of t-test on paired sample t-test for the experimental group resulted in the value of t = -6.659 with p = 0.000 (p<0.01), which means there was a significant difference of entrepreneurship motivation before and after the training of recycling rice husk. The analysis for Independent sample t-test resulted in the value of t = 7.411 with p = 0.000 (p<0.01), which means there was a significant difference of entrepreneurship motivation between experimental and control groups. It can be concluded that the training of recycling waste of rice husk was effective in improving the farmers’ entrepreneurship motivation.]]>
<![CDATA[Barriers to Males Involvement in Family Planning Services in Arba Minch Town, Southern Ethiopia: Qualitative Case Study ]]>
<![CDATA[Alemu Tamiso]]>;
<![CDATA[Admasu Tassew]]>;
<![CDATA[Henok Bekele]]>;
<![CDATA[Zale Zemede]]>;
<![CDATA[Admasu Dulla]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4762
<![CDATA[Effective utilization of family planning services are major contributors of improved maternal health. This, in turn, needs adequate involvement of male partners through direct uptake the services and approval of the spouses’ usage. Yet the family planning method utilization as well as male involvement is indicated to be low in Ethiopia. Qualitative case study was conducted in August 2015 in Arba Minch town to identify barriers to male involvement in uptake of family planning services. Open ended, semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview the participants. Four men and four women are purposively selected. Interviews were conducted in audibly private location after verbal consent was obtained from the recruited individuals. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The narratives were then translated to English and the responses are aggregated in to nine concepts. The final aggregated data were analyzed using OpenCode 3.4 software based on thematic framework analysis. Total of eight participants (four men and four women) were interviewed where seven are married and one is single. Participants identified that, Perception (or opinion) towards family planning as women’s issue, Sex preference for inheritance and considering children as measure of blessing of and Fear of partner sexual promiscuity and to reduce women’s attractiveness were barriers for male involvement in modern family planning method. Future interventions aimed at improving family planning services and methods utilization in Arba Minch town and similar settings need to consider these bottlenecks for male involvement.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Basil Leaf (Oscimum sanctum) to the Thrombocytes Number on Mice ]]>
<![CDATA[Yoni Astuti]]>;
<![CDATA[Rum Wijayanti]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4757
<![CDATA[Oscimum sanctum is herbal that was spread widely in Indonesia. Oscimum sanctum contains abundant of substances. One of the functions on Oscimum sanctum was anti-thrombocytes effect. This effect is associated with platelet function as a mechanical plug in the vascular injury during the normal homeostatic response. The disruption in thrombocytes function leads to disturb the blood clotting process. Therefore, The aims of the research were to prove the impact of Oscimum sanctum on the number of thrombocytes. This research used mice that divided into 3 groups, as a group I dose 250 mg/day (Oscimum sanctum infusion), group II dose 500 mg/day and the control group. We used clopidogrel as a positive control to determine the effectiveness of anti platelet effect. Data were analyzed by ANOVA showed that the existence of anti-thrombocyte effect in the Oscimum sanctum dose 500 mg/day was significantly different. This result proved that Oscimum sanctum has anti-thrombocytes effect by decreasing thrombocytes number.]]>
<![CDATA[The Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Roselle (Hibiscuss sabdariffa L) on Increasing SOD Activity ]]>
<![CDATA[Abdul Rahman W]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurkhasanah Nurkhasanah]]>;
<![CDATA[Nanik Sulistyani]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4773
<![CDATA[Free radicals were reactive species caused oxidation of lipids membrane and DNA. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the primary antioxidants to inhibit free radicals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract of roselle calyx on SOD enzyme activity of the Sprague Dawley (SD) rats induced by 7.12-dimethylbenzen[a]anthracene (DMBA). The animals age of four weeks divided in to five groups, groups I were normal group. Group II is the negative control group only induced by DMBA 75 mg/kgBW; and group III ,IV , and V were treatment groups that treated by ethanolic extract of roselle calyx at dose of 10, 50 and 100 mg/kgBW/day for 7 days. After treatment with roselle, animals were induced by DMBA 75 mg/kgBW. On day 8 after DMBA induction, animals were fasted for 16 hours and blood was collected to measured SOD activity. Data were analyzed using One Way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and LSD (P <0.05). The result showed the significancies on increasing of SOD activity at 10 mg/kgBW (50.87±1.98), 50 mg/kgBW (69.98±3.58) and 100 mg/kgBW (73.01±6.95) compared with DMBA (43.74±1.95) (p<0,05).]]>
<![CDATA[The Effort to Decrease Maternal and Child Mortality Rates through Cultural Transformation ]]>
<![CDATA[Atik Triratnawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Rani Ditya Kristianti]]>;
<![CDATA[Aldo Pandega Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Pandu Bagas Setyaji]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4768
<![CDATA[Maternal and infant mortality in Ende is still high, but research related a social science is rare. The cultural aspect and medical factors such as the lack of primary health care services are also play a role. This study aims are to identifying and formulate the local cultural transformation as a way to solve maternal and infant mortality. This ethnographic research was conducted in 2013. The study carried not only interviews, but also observation towards reproductive-age women, heads of family, traditional birth attendants, doctors, midwives, local leaders, adat leaders, pastors and sisters, local government officials, and head of health district at Ende. Data is analysed phenomenologically. The strong belief to adat and local tradition has implication to people’s attitude towards traditional birth attendants. Traditional birth attendants hold superior position in the community. They also have strong influence due to their ability to massage, correctly guess infant’s sex, reposition infant in the womb, and stop bleeding during labor. Maternal and/or infant mortality has nothing to do with traditional birth attendants because local people believe that such case happens as a result of hex or black magic called ru’u. Anemia, bleeding, food taboo, and incorrect diet pattern worsen the overall condition of pregnant women. Cultural transformation is done by alternating TBAs practices in massaging pregnant women. TBAs are encouraged to massage pregnant women’s back instead of stomach since pregnant women often have to deal with low back pain during pregnancy.]]>
<![CDATA[Microbial Analysis of Biomedical Wastes from Selected Health Facilities in Parts of Edo South and its Public Health Implication ]]>
<![CDATA[Rachael Ngozi Osagie]]>;
<![CDATA[Aidevbo Aibuovbo Eyaufe]]>;
<![CDATA[Faith Ireye]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4763
<![CDATA[This study, aimed at the microbial analysis of biomedical waste (BMW) was carried out using 100 samples of 10 different BMW collected in duplicates from 5 busy primary healthcare centers (PHCs).The research findings showed a high prevalence of E.coli (39%) and S.aureus (32%) which were both statistically significant at P≤0.05, while the least isolated organisms were K. pnuemoniae (10%) and B. subtilis (4%) and were statistically not significant at P≥0.05. Samples from dressings and beddings were found to contain the highest microbial loadof 25 and 13 respectively while the least number of isolates were from expired cytotoxic drugs (2) and lancets (1).The biochemical tests showed the presence of Gram positive and negative organisms with record of both aerobic and anaerobic isolates from the BMW. The investigation revealed that BMW contains mixed bacterial community with some being pathogenic and pose a public health hazard to both health workers and other community members, therefore adequate treatment measures should be given to all BMW before disposal.]]>
<![CDATA[Developing Comprehensive Diabetes Education Materials for Structured Patient Education Programs in Primary Care Setting ]]>
<![CDATA[Oryzati Hilman Agrimon]]>;
<![CDATA[Jackie Street]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4758
<![CDATA[Diabetes education is a key factor for a successful diabetes care. Comprehensive diabetes education materials for conducting structured diabetes education programs were rarely found in primary care setting in Indonesia. There was a need for developing new, comprehensive diabetes education materials for low-literate readers. Developing these education materials followed standard steps in developing print materials, and took account tips for writing low literacy materials for poor readers. The new diabetes education materials consisted of ten various leaflets, also printed as14 posters and 14 x-banners. The ten diabetes leaflets were pre-tested to 5 people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). After minor revisions, the leaflets were printed and distributed to 88 people with T2D attending two structured diabetes education programs in Yogyakarta City. These 88 people were requested to evaluate the leaflets using an evaluation form consisting of four items on language usage, font size, use of pictures, and diabetes information with a 1-10 rating scale; and an open-ended question for improvement. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the results. Most participants thought that the leaflets were easy to understand and read, interesting, and simple. Majority of participants (79.7%) gave favorable comments without providing suggestions for improvement, such as: “The diabetes leaflets are already good and easy to understand” One third of the participants gave suggestions for improvement. The comprehensive diabetes leaflets developed were well received and highly appreciated by people with T2D attending diabetes education programs.]]>
<![CDATA[Using Email Communication to Increase Expatriate Parents’ Knowledge of the Human Papillomavirus ]]>
<![CDATA[Melissa M. Baker]]>;
<![CDATA[Ratana Somrongthong]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4769
<![CDATA[Expatriates face a unique set of determinants to health which may influence their level of knowledge, perception of available preventative health care alternatives and their health seeking behaviors. The objective of this study is to understand the effect of an email communication intervention on expatriate parents’ level of knowledge of the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). Repeated measurement of knowledge was conducted pre- and post-intervention among parents who received the study intervention (group 1) and those who received standard care (group 2). Intervention effect was measured by any change in knowledge within and between groups. The group 1 had a significant rise in knowledge mean from baseline to first and then second follow-up (m = 0.57 (SD 0.39), m = 0.84 (SD 0.16) and m = 0.87 (SD 0.11), respectively). In addition, after receiving the intervention, group 1 felt they had sufficient information to make an informed decision of whether to vaccinate their child(ren), with a significant difference from baseline to first post test, (χ² (1) = 8.50, p < 0.05). Based on an increase in knowledge, the study’s email intervention proved effective mode to disseminating HPV-related information.]]>
<![CDATA[Food Safety Knowledge and Practice among Community in Sg. Pelek, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan ]]>
<![CDATA[Nur Ain Mahat]]>;
<![CDATA[Chong Kok Shi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sabariah Abd Hamid]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4764
<![CDATA[Food safety is a basic requirement of food quality. It is an increasingly important public health issue to prevent and control food borne illnesses. A cross-sectional study was designed to determine level of knowledge and practice on food safety, to determine the association between knowledge and practice, and also to identify the association between socio-demographic factors and practice score of the population studied. This study was conducted among adult population in Taman Bahagia, Sungai Pelek, Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan. Data were collected using an interviewed structured questionnaire. A stratified random sampling was performed to obtain houses, followed by simple random sampling to select sample in the house. A total of 115 data sets were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Analysis showed that 35% of respondents have poor level of knowledge on food safety, whereas 27% of the respondents have poor level of practices on food safety. Multiple linear regression revealed that there are a significant association between education level (p<0.001), Adj b=2.57 (95% CI: 1.15, 3.99) and gender (p=0.048), Adj b=1.15 (95% CI: 0.01, 2.29) with practice score on food safety. Therefore, health promotion and education on the importance of practicing food safety at home should be focused to prevent further unwanted health effects.]]>
<![CDATA[Perception of Community Health Workers in Indonesia toward Patients with Mental Disorders ]]>
<![CDATA[Shanti Wardaningsih]]>;
<![CDATA[Takayuki Kageyama]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 5, No 1: March 2016 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama ]]>
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DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v5i1.4759
<![CDATA[In Indonesia, there are any community health volunteers called Kader. Although Kaders are members of mental health volunteer, they sometimes show negative attitude to psychotic persons, even they have already got some training about mental health. The aims of this study were to investigate 1) how is Kader's perception compare to the other countries, 2) how will they consult compare to the other countries 3) how is comparison of Kaders’ perception to mental disorder person between trained and untrained. The method of this research is a descriptive explorative using survey study. This study was held on June to September 2013. It was conducted in five districts of Yogyakarta area with 619 respondents. The Questionnaires used contained three sections are follows; Part A is about Demographic Data, Part B two case vignettes (taken from MacArthur Health Module of the 1996 general Social Survey) and Part C about Kaders experiences. The perception of Kader as part of the community is lower than the general residence in the United States and Japan. The comparison between trained and untrained Kaders shown that trained Kaders has better perception toward patient with mental disorder. These results suggest that actual experiences in meeting the cases contributed to the improvement of Kaders’ perception better than the previous mental health training did. It might be Kaders with short experience are explored information Kaders should be trained with more structured curriculum and recruiting Kader is recommended to recruit the young generation.]]>
