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"Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan"
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PENGAWETAN LIMA JENIS KAYU DENGAN KOPPERS FORMULA 7 MENURUT METODE PENCELUPAN
Barly Barly;
Pipin Permadi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.42-45
Five timber species were treated with Koppers Formula 7 using momentary immersion method. The samples (5 cm x 5 cm x 100 cm) were then introduced into a diffusion chamber for one, three, or jive weeks. The depth of penetration was measured after cutting the samples and result analyzed. The conclusions are :The duration of diffusion has a highly significant effect on preservative penetration, while the timber species did not have a significant bearing in the penetration. The rate of diffusion is proporsional to the treatment time.Taking the forgoing result into account, the moisture content has no effect on the depth of penetration.The momentary immersion method appeared to have met to the standar requirement for all timber species tested in this experiment.The result indicated that duration in one week gives statisfactory penetration for the mahoni, manii and jeungjing species. The durian and petai however, could only give statisfactory results when the duration is longer than three weeks
PERILAKU PENGGEREKAN DAN PERKEMBANGBIAKAN KUMBANG AMBROSIA PLATYPUS TREPANATUS PADA DOLOK RAMIN
P Sukartana
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.30-35
The tunneling and breeding habits of ambrosia beetle Platypus trepanatus Chapman (Coleoptera: Platypodidae) were studied in the field for 26 days after initial burrowing.The tunneling is initiated by the male beetle, commenced hours after the ramin tree (Gonystylus bancanus Kurz.) is felled. As the beetle tunnel about twice its body length, the burrowing is stopped, and the beetle, then, remains inside near the entrance hole to entice the female beetle for joining.After arriving, the female beetle takes over the tunneling extension. The male, on the other hand, occupies the initial tunnel, builds a circular fibrous plait ringed at the entrance hole, and cleans the tunnel by ejecting frass outside. An established tunnel is determined by the ejection of coarse frass first and the fine other then. A successful tunneling (broods) seems to be attributable to the parent beetles care.The beetle tends to burrow the log across the grain. The first tunneling is radially, but by the day about 12, it has significantly curved. The speed of tunneling is approximately 4.47 mm while the depth of its penetration is about 2.56 mm per day.The oviposition is firstly recorded between the day 2-8 at the length of tunnel 9-25 mm. The egg stadium is about two weeks. No pupation was shown during these 26 day studies.Statistical computations reflect that the tunneling and oviposition were still continued after these observations
PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PADA BEBERAPA KILANG KAYU LAPIS DI SUMATERA
Akub J Abdurachman;
Sylviani Sylviani
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.60-65
Plywood production can be increased by improving factory quality, work organization system, processing method, and by increasing the skill of the operators and other activities supporting labour productivity.Previous works indicated that low productivity of labour in plywood mill in Indonesia was mainly due to the low levels of education, skill and experiences of operators. This study is intended to obtain accurate data concerning this problem.The survey was conducted in several plywood industries in Sumatera in 1985 and revealed the following results:Average actual production of plywood mills is lower than the design production capacity. The average ratio of actual production capacity is as low as 0.422.The productivity of employees varies between mills, especially for Managers. Managers productivity ranges from 45.2 to 242 cum/man/month (standard error 93.5 cum/man/month); administrative staff productivity 14.1-38.2 cum/man/month (standard error 9,6 cum/man/month);and operators:1.7-5.9 cum/man/month (standard error 1.5 cum/man/month).Waging system in term of payment (monthly or others) and the amount of salary does not effect the productivity levels.
SIFAT PAPAN BLOK DENGAN INTI LIMBAH EKSPLOITASI HUTAN LAMPUNG
Suwandi Kliwon;
M I Iskandar;
Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.16-20
Blockboards of six wood species of logging waste from Lampung as core strip material were manufactured in the laboratory, and their physical and mechanical properties were tested.The average value of moisture content, board density and strip density were 10.09%, 0.63 g/cm3 and 0.49 g/cm3, respectively. Bending strength parallel to the grain varied between 690.47 kg/cm2 (red meranti) and 1041.99 kg/cm2 (keruing). The bending strength perpendicular to the grain varied between 112.40 kglcm2 (Bima) and 319.90 kg/cm2 (Pulai), and bending strength parallel to the grain were significantly affected by wood species, but bending strength perpendicular to the grain were not.
EMISI GAS FORMALDEHIDA PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU
Rozak Memed
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.27-29
The result of determination of formaldehyde emission from particleboard samples glued with urea formaldehyde and mixture of UF and MF resin is reported in this paper. The particleboard samples were selected from two different factories in addition to those prepared in the laboratory at the center.The values of formaldehyde emission of particleboard prepared in the laboratory are between 6.154 ppm (Jeungjing) and 18.720 ppm (meranti kuning), from factory A between 0.295 ppm-7.710 ppm; while from factory B between 13.246 ppm-23.691 ppm. Board samples from factory A glued with mixture of UF and MF resins. on the other hand, show an average emission value of 0.295 ppm.
SIFAT VENIR DAN KAYU LAPIS 7 JENIS KAYU DARI MALUKU
M I Iskandar;
Suwandi Kliwon;
Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.36-41
The characteristics studied are peeling properties, physical properties of the veneer, gluing properties and some physical and mechanical properties of the plywood (both triplex and multiplex).All logs from the 7 wood species could be peeled satisfactorily in cold condition. Veneer of 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm thickness could be produced at a cutting angle between 91°-93°.Average shrinkage of the veneer is 7%. Average swelling from oven dry condition is 3%.Water resistant, bonding strength for all wood species studied meet Indonesian, Japanese and German standards. Average thickness reduction due to pressing in the plywood manufacturing process is 0.15 mm.Specific gravity of the plywood is about 6 percent higher than that of the wood from which it is made of
Lapisan Perkerasan Komposit Batu Pecah pada Kontruksi Jalan Hutan
Rahardjo Rahardjo;
S Suparto;
S Sutopo
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.50-55
The use of pavement in Indonesian forest road construction at present is not common practice. Paving of logging roads is still considered too expensive, especially when its construction is not rational and effective. Information on pavement design especially with regard to its composition should help forest companies in solving their forest road construction problems.This investigation looks into the problem of finding the proper composition of crushed gravel and sand or rock dust for the construction of pavements. This kind of pavement is thought to have high shearing strength, stability and density.A series of laboratory test were conducted for this purpose, employing factorial analysis .A performance test in the field was conducted to compare with the Telford system using paired samples.The investigations revealed the following:- Crushed rock had significant influence on the shearing strength of the pavement. This material mixed with rock dust showed significant interaction.- Rock dust itself and water did not have significant effect on the shearing strength of pavement.- The use of water may help facilitate the compaction process guiding the filler material into the voids among the crushed rock particles.- The proper composition turned out to be three units of crushed rock and two units of rock dust, resulting in a shearing strength of 0,226 kg/cm2.- Crushed rock composite made better pavement than the Telford system, resulting in lower settling of subgrade.- Based on the above, it is recommended to use a mixture of 2-3size crushed rock and rock dust in the proportion of 3 : 2 for pavement of forest roads, using smooth drum roller to obtain proper compaction.
KOMUNITAS RAYAP TANAH DI SEPULUH LOKASI DI DKI JAKARTA
Ginuk Sumarni;
Agus lsmanto
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.21-26
Subterranean termites are important insects which attack structural timber. Six species have been found at ten locations of the Jakarta Metropolitan: Microtermes insperatus, M. incertoides, Odontotermes javanicus, Macrotermes gilvus, Schedorhinotermes javanicus, and Coptotermes curvignathus. Various termite species prevail in two of the locations (P. Rebo and P. Minggu). M. insperatus was found to be the largest population in every location. Cempaka Putih was the lowest in similarity and diversity indexes of the termite species. The same termite species was found in Kramat Jati and Kebayoran Baru. No subterranean termites were found in Cilincing, Tanjung Priok, and Kemayoran
PEMILAHAN JENIS KAYU KAPUR SINTOK (DRYOBALANOPS OOCARPA V. SI.) DARI JENIS-JENIS KAYU KAPUR LAINNYA
Y I Mandang
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.56-59
Kapur sintok (Dryobalanops oocarpa V. SI.) is the lightest and also the lowest in durability among the nine wood species of kapur. It is there fore necessary to separate this wood species from the other members, but it is difficult to separate based on anatomical characters. A chemical spot test proved to be simple and applicable. Kapur sintok responded negatively to the aplication of 5 percent of ferric ammonium sulphate while the other eight species responded positively.
PENGARUH SALINITAS TERHADAP SERANGAN PENGGEREK KAYU DI LAUT PADA BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU
Mohammad Muslich;
Ginuk Sumarni
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
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DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.46-49
Marine borers are wood destroying organisms living in the sea, brackish and estuarine water. Environmental conditions such as salinity, pollution and temperature of the sea water influence the activities and precence of marine borers.One hundred pieces of wood from five species had been exposed to marine borers in four different salinities for nine months. The test sites chosen were around Gulf of Jakarta i.e. about 3 km off shore, and at three locations along a canal of brackish fishpond, respectively in the estuary, 1 km and 2 km from the shore.The result shows that at the sea site where the salinity is relatively stable around 29 ‰ – 30‰ , all of the wood tested are badly attacked by Mollusc belonging to the species of Martesia striata Linne., Dicyathifer manni Wright., and Bankia campanellata Moll/Roch. Along the canal where the salinity is between 5‰-30‰, damage is only small. The result also shows no sign of attack on all samples exposed along the canals, although the salinity is not significantly different from that of the estuary.