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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 257 Documents
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Integrasi Prediksi Musim dengan Model Simulasi Tanaman untuk Penentuan Waktu Tanam Padi Elza Surmaini; Tri Wahyu Hadi; Kasdi Subagyono; M. Ridho Syahputra
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n2.2018.99-110

Abstract

Abstrak. Penyesuaian waktu tanam merupakan upaya dengan biaya yang paling efisien untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, menstabilkan, bahkan meningkatkan ketahanan pangan. Integrasi prediksi curah hujan musim dengan model simulasi tanaman dapat digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi waktu tanam padi dengan hasil yang optimal. Dua tahap analog digunakan untuk memprediksi curah hujan harian untuk satu musim tanam. Analog tahap pertama untuk memprediksi curah hujan harian untuk 120 hari. Tahap kedua mencari satu analog terbaik prediksi sekuens curah hujan 120 hari. Basis data hasil tanaman padi periode 1982-2009 dengan interval harian dibangun menggunakan model simulasi tanaman. Rekomendasi waktu tanam ditentukan berdasarkan perubahan hasil dibandingkan dengan waktu tanam awal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prediksi curah hujan musim dengan lead time 6-9 bulan menggunakan metode downscaling dengan dua tahap analog dapat memperpanjang lag prediksi 2 bulan sebelum tanam sehingga dapat digunakan untuk peringatan dini. Integrasi prediksi curah hujan musim dengan model simulasi tanaman dapat memberikan informasi selang waktu tanam yang berpotensi untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih tinggi. Prediksi waktu tanam dalam bentuk selang waktu diperlukan petani , karena berbagai faktor non teknis yang menyebabkan penanaman tidak dapat dilakukan pada rekomendasi waktu tertentu. Informasi tersebut dapat digunakan oleh pengambil kebijakan dan penyuluh untuk rekomendasi kepada petani tentang waktu tanam dengan hasil padi yang lebih tinggi.Abstract. Adapting planting time is a very cost-efficient way to increase crop productivity and stabilise or even increase food security. Linking seasonal rainfall prediction with crop simulation model is used to evaluate planting date with optimal rice yield. We used a two step analogue method. The first step is to predict 30 daily rainfall analogues for the next 120 days. The second step is to look for best analogue of 120 day rainfall prediction. Daily planting dates were simulated within 1982-2009 using crop simulation model. The second step is to determine the best analoque for the 120 day sequence. Planting time recommendation is adjusted using the difference between the earliest and later planting dates.The result concluded that 6-9 lead time seasonal rainfall prediction using two step analogue could increase lead time 2 months prior to planting time, therefore can be use for early warning. Linking season rainfall prediction with crop simulation model to adjust interval of planting time that provide higher rice yield. Farmers need that interval, due to non-technical factors are caused crop could not planted timely as recommended. In addition, the recommendation of planting time should be used by decision makers and extension workers to recommend appropriate planting time with higher yield to the farmers.
NITROGEN DYNAMICS ON RICE FIELD SOILS MULYANI, NANAN S; SURYADI, M.E; DWININGSIH, S.; HARYANTO, .
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 19 (2001): Desember 2001
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n19.2001.%p

Abstract

Nitrogen fertilizer is unstable, and it is predicted that large amount of it is lost through run-off, volatilization, and leaching processes. Information of nitrogen movement is needed in order to increase the efficient use of fertilizer, so that the N dosage and time of fertilizer application could be given precisely. Nitrogen movement through volatilization and from standing water and leaching could be observed by means of laboratory study using plastic pot which has been especially designed, and soil samples was taken after 1, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days of incubation. The green house experiment was held using IR-64 rice variety to see the sorption of nitrogen. The movement of nitrogen in standing water of Entisols until da showed that the concentration of NH4-N was higher than NO3-N, and afterwards NO3-N was higher than NH4-N. NH4-N concentration on Inceptisols until days-28 was higher than NO3-N. However, the NH4-N concentration on Vertisols until days- 28 was lower than NO3-N. The movement of nitrogen on Entisols and Inceptisols showed that the NH4-N concentration until days-28 was higher than NO3-N, however the NH4-N concentration on Vertisols until days-7 was lower than NO3-N. Nitrogen losses from fertilizer in standing water of Vertisols was found 31,7% at days-1 and 28,8% at days-4. The N uptake by crop was found the highest on Inceptisols (78,0%) and the lowest on Entisols (17,2%).
EFEK PERUBAHAN ZONA AGROKLIMAT KLASIFIKASI OLDEMAN 1910-1941 SAMPAI DENGAN 1985-2015 TERHADAP POLA TANAM PADI SUMATERA BARAT Saputra, Rizky Armei; Akhir, Nasrez; Yulianti, Via
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 42, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v42n2.2018.125-134

Abstract

Perubahan curah hujan telah menyebabkan perubahan zona klasifikasi agroklimat Oldeman serta berpengaruh terhadap pola tanam padi sawah tadah hujan di Provinsi Sumatera Barat yang merupakan salah satu sentra padi nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daerah yang mengalami perubahan klasifikasi zona agroklimat Oldeman serta mengetahui kawasan sentra padi yang mengalami perubahan pola tanam dan memverifikasi kesesuaian pola tanam klasifikasi Oldeman dengan pola tanam aktual. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan di sentra padi Sumatera Barat. Data yang digunakan data klimatologis untuk menganalisis perubahan pola curah hujan 1910-1941 dan 1985-2015serta analisis perubahan zona agroklimat Oldeman. Penentuan pola tanam aktual dilakukan survei lapangan untuk memperoleh informasi perubahan pola tanam padi aktual. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terjadi perubahan zona agroklimat Oldeman pada kawasan sentra padi Sumatera Barat di lima lokasi yaitu Luak Situjuh, Rao, Sijunjung, Sukarami dan Lima Kaum. Luak Situjuh dari tipe B1 menjadi E1, Rao dari D2 menjadi C1, Sijunjung dari C1 menjadi D1, Sukarami dari A1 menjadi B1 dan Lima Kaum dari E1 menjadi menjadi E3. Lokasi yang mengalami perubahan pola tanam padi pada sawah tadah hujan yaitu Luak Situjuh, Panti dan Lima Kaum. Hasil verifikasi pola tanam aktual yang sesuai dengan pola tanam klasifikasi Oldeman terdapat pada empat lokasi yaitu Lubuk Basung, Sungai Dareh, Muara labuh dan Sukarami. Produktivitas sawah tadah hujan yang mengalami perubahan pola tanam lebih rendah dari rata rata produktivitas Kabupaten.
STATUS NATRIUM PADA TANAH TERCEMAR LIMBAH LNDUSTRI TEKSTIL DI RANCAEKEK, KABUPATEN BANDUNG Djuwansah, Muhamad
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 37, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v37n1.2013.25-34

Abstract

Abstrak: Pencemaran lahan oleh Natrium dari limbah industri di Rancaekek Kabupaten Bandung menyebabkan sawah di lokasi tersebut selalu gagal panen sehingga tanah diberakan. Beberapa parameter sifat kimia-fisik dan mineralogi dari contoh tanah pada lahan tersebut dianalisis untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemarannya. Akumulasi Natrium menyebabkan tanah menjadi sodik sampai sangat sodik dan salin. Pengaruh sodisitas saat ini terhadap kerusakan fisik tanah belum tampak jelas karena relatif sedikitnya proporsi mineral liat, dan karena kapasitas adsorpsi tinggi yang dimiliki smektit sebagai mineral liat dominan. Fenomena pelarutan tanah dapat terjadi bila Natrium telah menjenuhi kapasitas adsorpsi tanah. Daerah pencemaran Natrium akan meluas apabila akumulasi Natrium tetap berjalan seperti yang berlangsung sampai saat ini. Abstract. Land pollution by sodium from industrial waste have caused repeating harvest failures of ricefield in the area that finally the land remained unplanted. Several soil physical-chemical parameters and mineralogy from soil samples were analyzed to determine the level of pollution. Sodium accumulation caused the soils to become sodic to very sodic and saline. Effect of sodicity on soil physical damage did not appear yet because of small proportion of clay minerals and high adsorption capacity of smectite as the predominant clay minerals. Soil dispersion phenomenon may happen when sodium had saturated all soil adsorption capacity. Sodium polluted area will be expanded if the accumulation of sodium keeps running.
POST-MINING LAND CHARACTERISTICS AND REHABILITATION TECHNIQUE IN BANGKA AND SINGKEP ISLANDS SITORUS, SANTUN R.P; KUSUMASTUTI, E.; BADRI, L. NURBAITI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 27 (2008): Juli 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n27.2008.%p

Abstract

Post-mining land has generally unfavourable characteristics for a growing media for crops. The objectives of the present study were: (1) to study natural changing of soil physical and chemical properties and natural vegetation of four different ages of tailing, (2) to study rehabilitation technique of post mining tailing for forest crops, and (3) to study effects of ameliorant on soil physical and chemical properties, and heavy metal content on four different ages of tailing. Analysis of tailing characteristics, in situ natural vegetation analysis and two sets of green house experiments had been done. The two greenhouse experiments comprise: (1) tailing from Sungai Liat Bangka with two factors, those are three level applications of organic matter and mineral soil with teak as an indicator plant and (2) tailing from Dabo Singkep with treatments: tailing + compost 9:1,tailing + animal manure 9:1 and tailing as control, CMA inoculant and forest trees akasia (Acacia auriculiformis), gamal (Gliricidia maculata), lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) and sengon or jeungjing (Paraserianthes falcataria). The result showed that: generally, tin mining reduce soil quality and number of natural vegetation. The soil characteristics and number of vegetation are generally increase (getting better) with time. The first greenhouse experiment showed that the best response of teak plant was under combination of organic mater and soil mineral whereas ameliorant proportion factor is not significantly different. The second greenhouse experiment showed that the treatments were significantly influencing canopy diameter, leaf number, root length and tree trunk circle, respectively. The best rehabillitation technique was combination of animal manure, mycorrhizal inoculants treatments and lamtoro (L. leucocephala). Soil characteristics and heavy metal contents were significantly influenced by ameliorant and tailing ages. Soil chemical properties were significantly influenced by tailing age, types and proportions of ameliorant. The Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb, and Sn of soil were significantly influenced by tailing ages and the highest was on the six years tailing.
ANALYSIS OF WATER PRODUCTION POTENCIAL UNDER VARIOUS SCENARIO IN PANINGGAHAN-SINGKARAK WATERSHED PUJILESTARI, N.; TARIGAN, S.D.; SUBAGYONO, KASDI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 33 (2011): Juli 2011
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n33.2011.%p

Abstract

Paninggahan watershed is the sub watershed of the Singkarak Lake watershed. It has a largest part of managed forest in the upstream and the change of landuse from forest to mixture garden increasing rapidly. The study on the change of discharge related to the landuse change is the main focus of this research. The result shows that hydrological characteristic of Paninggahan watershed is still good, with the domination of secondary forest covering 53% of the watershed. Therefore this watershed still has large amount of water reserve. The result of monitoring landuse change from year 1984-2007, indicating that the rate of forest decreasing was 66 ha year-1 and the increasing of mixture garden was 39 ha year-1. The result of characteristic simulation discharge showed that forest degradation will increase total volume of discharge to 1.3 m3 s-1, whereas minimum debit will progressively decrease till 0.2 m3 s-1. The knowledge of the influence of landuse change due to decreasing of debit in the watershed becomes guidance for the continous watershed development.
TEMPORAL AND SEASONAL VARIATION OF SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN THE TERRACED PADDY FIELDS SYSTEM SUKRISTIYONUBOWO, .; SETYORINI, D
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 31 (2010): Juli 2010
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n31.2010.%p

Abstract

Temporal and seasonal variation of sediment movement in terraced paddy fields has been studied at Keji Village, in Semarang District for the Wet Season 2003-04 and the Dry Season 2004. Twelve terraced paddy fields with different number and size of terraces were used in this research,corresponding to four treatments and three replications. Terraces were flat, different in size, and descending to the river. The objective was to study the temporal and seasonal variations of sediment movement during rice growth in the wet season and the dry season. Measurements were conducted in the four treatments being tested including Farmer Practices, Farmer Practices + Rice Straw, Improved Technology, and Improved Technology + Rice Straw. Sampling and measuring of irrigation water discharge and suspended sediment were carried out at puddling, before planting, vegetative stage, and at generative stage. The highest temporal discharge as well as sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment both in wet and dry seasons were observed at the puddling stage and significantly different with the following rice growth stages. In contrast, the lowest temporal discharge and sediment concentration were found at the vegetative stage. Seasonal discharge and sediment concentration of irrigation water and suspended sediment in wet season were higher than in dry season. The highest incoming and outgoing sediments both in wet and dry season were observed at the vegetative stage and significantly different at generative stage, planting and puddling. The amount of seasonal incoming sediment were 4,422 ± 361 and 1,779 ± 126 kg ha-1 and the outgoing sediment were 3,345 ± 258 and 1,400 ± 113 kg ha-1 for the wet season 2003-04 and dry season 2004, respectively. The surplus of incoming sediment by outgoing sediment demonstrates the environmental services provided by terraced paddy fields system.
RICE FIELD DISCHARGE MODELLING BY TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE CONTRIBUTION OF PREVIOUS TERRACE DRAINAGE IRIANTO, GATOT; LAS, IRSAL
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 18 (2000): Desember 2000
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n18.2000.%p

Abstract

Its been a long time that paddy terraces have been used in order to modify local hydraulic characteristics, aiming thus at a better evenness in water collecting and distribution. Nevertheless, the quantification of water transfer mechanism in terraces has still to be fully understood. Research on modeling for water transfer has been carried out to answer this issue.The two following reservoir linear laws have been used to represent water transfer in the terrace: (1) taking into account continuous discharge contribution of the precedent terrace and (2) taking into account discontinuous discharge contribution of the precedent terrace. The results of research show that a universal discharge equation for the nth terrace, based on the reservoir linear law derived through inductive method, can be described as:where : Qn is the discharge from the nth terrace (m3/s), Q0 the initial discharge (m3/s), k is a reservoir constant (s-1),and t is the time(s). According to the physical law, the inflow drained from the previous terrace has to be taken into account, but in this case,discharge modeling is reduced to the time when linear reservoir law still applies. This is because time taken for the terrace to be fully drained-dry would be infinite: thus when the water level is under the drain level axis, the linear reservoir law does not apply anymore. At this time, the main part of the stock can not be computed using surface and water level, because of local surface roughness. To find a solution, the debit was modeled byassuming that water on the terrace was fully drained when the water surface reaches exactly half the diameter of the drain pipe. Results of such a model show that the debit thus evaluated approach the debit measured with a coefficient F (criterion of Nash and Sutcliffe) variegating between 0.97 and 0.98. With such results this model can be accepted, assumingas a basic hypothesis that the terrace is dry when water its surface reaches half of the drain pipe diameter.
MINERALOGICAL, PHYSICAL, AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS FROM ANDESITIC VOLCANIC TUFF OF MT. BURANGRANG, WEST JAVA YATNO, EDI; ZAUYAH, S.
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 21 (2003): Desember 2003
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n21.2003.%p

Abstract

Information of soils on andesitic volcanic tuff in Indonesia is still limited. Three soil pedons, formed in andesitic volcanic tuff situated in the intensively cultivated vegetable growing areas and secondary forest areas around the Mt. Burangrang, were studied to understand the physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of these soils. All pedons are located in the middle slope with elevation of about 1000 m above sea level (asl). Bulk and undisturbed soil samples of each horizon were analyzed in the laboratory. The results indicated that all the pedons have very deep solum (> 150 cm), granular to subangular blocky structuresand friable to very friable consistences. Mineralogy of the clay fraction of pedons 2 and 3 is dominated by metahalloysite, whereas large amounts of gibbsite are only present in pedon 1. Mineralogical composition of the sand fraction is predominantly composed of opaque minerals, while weatherable minerals such as hornblende, augite, hypersthene and plagioclase (andesine and labradorite) are present in various amounts. Soil bulk density values are generally less than 0.9 mg m-3. Soil reaction is acid to extremely acid, whereas soil pH NaF is of less than 9.4. Aluminum saturation is high in pedon 3 and upper horizons of pedon 1. Organic carbon contents are generally medium in the surface horizons and decrease with depth. Exchangeable bases are dominated by Ca and Mg in medium to very low amounts, cation exchange capacity is medium to high, and base saturation varies ranging from very low to medium. All the pedons studied do not meet the requirements of andic soil properties (P retention of less than 85%), and are classified as Andic Dystrudepts. Thelow bulk density may contribute to the more favourable soil tilth leading to easy tillage and root development. However, high soil acidity in most soils studied is a limiting factor for plant growth.
PERBANDINGAN BERBAGAI TEKNIK ESTIMASI KEBUTUHAN RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DI KOTA BANDAR LAMPUNG Hesty, Rein Susinda; Gunawan, Andi; Prasetyo, Lilik Budi; Munandar, Aris
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) Vol 43, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v43n1.2019.59-70

Abstract

Abstrak. Meningkatkan kualitas ekologis suatu kota dapat dilakukan dengan membentuk ruang terbuka hijau. Perumusan kebijakan ruang terbuka hijau secara berkelanjutan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai kriteria, di mana indikator-indikator dalam kriteria tersebut saling terkait. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kebutuhan luas ruang terbuka hijau dalam mewujudkan tata kota berkelanjutan di Kota Bandar Lampung. Indikator dalam menentukan kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau antara lain adalah jumlah populasi, luas lahan, dan emisi CO2. Berdasarkan populasi pada tahun 2017, kebutuhan ruang terbuka hijau sesuai program pemerintah adalah 2.673 ha, sedangkan luas ruang terbuka hijau hanya ada 2.475 ha sehingga ada perbedaan kekurangan ruang terbuka hijau sebesar 197 ha. Lebih jauh, Kota Bandar Lampung berdasarkan luasnya membutuhkan ruang terbuka hijau seluas 5.916 ha. Tingkat emisi CO2 di Kota Bandar Lampung pada tahun 2017 adalah sebesar 9.118 Gg th-1 sedangkan prediksi total emisi CO2 pada tahun 2024 adalah 133.202 Gg CO2-1 th-1. Sehingga luasan yang ruang terbuka hijau yang dibutuhkan adalah sebesar 156 ha. Angka ini akan meningkat sejalan dengan pertumbuhan penduduk. Untuk itu luas ruang terbuka hijau perlu disesuaikan secara berkala untuk penyerapan emisi CO2 dan keserasian kota.Abstract. Improving the ecological quality of a city can be done by creating green open space. The formulation of a green open space policy for harmonious city is influenced by various interrelated factors. This study aimed to estimate the area of green open space in realizing sustainable green open space in Bandar Lampung City. Indicators in determining the needs of green open space were the population, land area, and CO2 emissions. Based on the population in 2017, the green open space requirement as targeted by the local government was 2,673 ha, while the extent of existing green open space was is only 2,475 ha, hence a need for 197 ha more green open space area. Bandar Lampung City based on its area requires a green open space of 5,916 ha. The level of CO2 emissions in Bandar Lampung City in 2017 was 9,118 Gg/year, while the predicted total CO2 emissions in 2024 is 133.202 Gg/CO2/year and hence the city require additional green open space of 156 ha. This number will increase in line with population growth. For this reason, the area of green open space needs to be adjusted regularly for the absorption of CO2 emissions and the harmony of the city.

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