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INDONESIA
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim
Published by Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya lahan Pertanian
ISSN : 14107244     EISSN : 27227723     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jti.v44n1.2020.19-29
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal TANAH dan IKLIM memuat hasil-hasil penelitian bidang tanah dan iklim dari para peneliti baik dari dalam maupun dari luar Balai Besar Litbang Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Jurnal ini juga dapat memuat informasi singkat yang berisi tulisan mengenai teknik dan peralatan baru ataupun hasil sementara penelitian tanah dan iklim.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "No 28 (2008): Desember 2008" : 7 Documents clear
AFFECTS OF TSUNAMI ON SOIL PROPERTIES IN NAD AND ITS REHABILITATION STRATEGY RACHMAN, ACHMAD; ERFANDI, DEDDY; ERFANDI, DEDDY; ALI, M. NASIL; ALI, M. NASIL
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

The giant tsunami waves following the earthquake of the west coast of Sumatra on December 26, 2004, have caused soil salinisation of agricultural lands and damaged to irrigation and drainage channels along the coastal areas of Aceh Province, Indonesia. The objective of this study was to monitor the changes in soil salinity of the tsunami-affected sites. Regular collection of soil samples for soil laboratory analyses and field salinity measurement using an electromagnetic induction technique(EM38) have been conducted. The level of soil salinity in tsunami affected areas appears to be related to the characteristics of the deposited mud and soil permeability. Salt appears to have penetrated deeper into the sandier soils, commonly used to grow peanut during dry seasons. In the heavier rice soil, salt accumulate closer to the soil surface, probably because they were flooded at the time of the tsunami and often have a dense impermeable plough layer. Recommendations have been made to farmers that would allow them to reduce crop losses on tsunami affected soils. This includes avoid planting land that is still saline, enhance salt leaching horizontaly and vertically, improve soil fertility, and grow salt tolerant crops.
MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION AND PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF FOREST LAND SOIL DEVELOPED FROM ACID SEDIMENTARY ROCKS IN RIAU PROVINCE SUHARTA, NATA; PRASETYO, BAMBANG HENDRO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

Exploitation forest land for food crops agricultural use often limited by drastically change of soil properties and soil characteristics after two or three years of usage. The loose of organic matter through mineralization processes and erosion is causal factor for decreasing fertility of the soils. To study soil properties and soil characteristics as foundation for agricultural use, the forest land derived from sedimentary rock in Riau Province have been studied. The Research result indicates that parent material has great influence on mineral composition, physical and chemical properties of the soils. Soil from sedimentary rock in the study area were very developed, indicated by domination of kaolinite and very low of mineral reserve. Soils derived from claystone have better chemical properties compare to soil derived from sandstone as shown by exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity, and potential K, but limited by highly Al exchangeable. The physical properties of the soils indicate that the soil is susceptible for erosion and compaction. For that reasons, the exploitation of forest land for agriculturing or forest plantation use need soil conservation practices, avoid the slopping area (>8%) especially for food plantation, and fertilizer. Changing the forest land to agricultural land not only increase mineralization of organic matter but also interrupt biological cycles that influential on decreasing soil fertility.
The Correlation of Some Soil Chemical Properties with Phosphorus Uptake of Lowland Rice on Kaolinitic and Smectitic Soils M. MASJKUR; ANTONIUS KASNO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

Determining relationship between soil properties and phosphorus uptake is important to support P fertilizer recommendation. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between some soil chemical properties and phosphorus uptake of lowland rice on kaolinitic and smectitic soils. Field experiments were conducted in Lampung kaoliniticpaddy soils and East Java smectitic paddy soils with low, medium, and high P content variabilities. The experiments used completely randomized block design with four replications. The treatments consist of five P fertilizer levels that were 0, 23, 46, 69, dan 115 kg P2O5 ha-1, applied as superphosphate (SP-36). In kaolinitic soils, P uptake response with P fertilizer was not significant, whereas in smectitic soils P uptake response was significant. In kaolinitic soils, organic C correlated positively withP uptake of lowland rice, while the correlation of pH, clay content, exchangeable Ca, Fe, and Al were not significant. In smectitic soils, organic C correlated negatively with P uptake of lowland rice, while the correlation of pH, clay content, exchangeable Ca, Fe, and Al were not significant. Thus, increasing organic matter in kaolinic soils will increase P uptake of lowland rice, while in smectitic soils increasing organic matter will decrease P uptake.
EFFECT OF OXALIC ACID, NA+, NH4 +, AND FE3+ ON AVAILABILITY OF SOIL K, PLANT N, P, AND K UPTAKE, AND MAIZE YIELD IN SMECTITIC SOILS NURSYAMSI, DEDI; IDRIS, K.; SABIHAM, SUPIYANDI; RACHIM, D.A; SOFYAN, AGUS
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

Smectitic soils have high prospect to be developed for agricultural land under a proper soil and plant management. The soils are commonly high in total K content. It?s availability for plant growth, however, is relatively low due to fixation by smectite in interlayer space. Researches aimed to study the effect of oxalic acid, Na+, NH4+, and Fe3+ on availability of soilK, plant N, P, and K uptake, as well as maize yield in smectitic soils have been conducted in Laboratory of Research and Soil Test and Green House of Indonesian Soil Research Institute, Bogor. Four different types of bulk soil samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs), Cilacap (Chromic Endoaquerts), Ngawi (Typic Endoaquerts), and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs) were used for experiments. Incubation and pot experiments were set up using Factorial Randomized Completely Block Design with three replication and pot experiment used maize of Pioneer 21 variety as plant indicator. The first factor was oxalic acid rates: 0; 1,000; 2,000; and 4,000 ppm, while the second one was application of cations: without cation, Na+, NH4+, and Fe3+ from NaCl, NH4Cl, and FeCl3 respectively with 50% of maximum adsorption rate. The Fe3+ with 50% of maximum adsorption rate caused plant death, thus the experiment was repeated in the nextseason with Fe3+ rates: 0, 125, 250, 375, and 500 ppm. The results showed that oxalic acid, Na+, NH4+, and Fe3+ significantly increased the availability of soil K in both Alfisols and Vertisols where the effect was higher in Vertisols than Alfisols. The effectiveness of the treatments to release K from non available to available K form in the soils was in order of Fe3+ > NH4+ > Na+ > oxalic acid. Oxalic acid significantly increasedplant N, P, and K uptake in Vertisols, while 125 ppm of Fe3+ significantly increased plant K uptake in Alfisols as well as N, P, and K uptake in Vertisols. Oxalic acid significantly increased 4- week-after-planting biomass dry yield in Typic Hapludalfs and Typic Endoaquerts, while 125 ppm of Fe3+ significantly increased the yield in Chromic Endoaquerts and Typic Endoaquerts.
Sediment and Nutrient Mobility in Terraced Paddy Fields under Traditional Irrigation System . SUKRISTIYONUBOWO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

Sediment and nutrient mobility in terraced paddy fields under traditional irrigation system have been investigated in Keji Village, the Semarang District during the Wet Season 2003-2004. The aims were to evaluate the incoming and outgoing sediment and nutrient during rice growth cycle and to study the mobility of sediment and nutrient in the wet season. The treatments included Farmer Practices, Farmer Practices + Rice Straw, Improved Technology, and Improved Technology + Rice Straw. The discharge of irrigation water during puddling was the greatest varying between 2.55 ± 1.23 and 3.10 ± 0.55 l second-1, while during the vegetative phase was the lowest ranging from 0.33 ± 0.15 to 0.54 ± 0.15 l second-1. At the generative stage was about 1.38 ± 0.28 to 1.60 ± 0.06 l second-1. Furthermore, the discharge of suspended sediment during puddling varied between 0.89 ± 0.20 and 1.31 ± 0.34 l second-1, while atvegetative phase was the lowest ranging from 0.21 ± 0.07 to 0.78 ± 0.52 l second-1. At generative stage was about 1.13 ± 0.06 to 1.32 ± 0.09 l second-1. Only during the puddling that the incoming sediment was lower than outgoing sediment. The total amount of deposited sediment varied between 647 and 1,589 kg ha-1 season-1 from the total incoming sediment of 2,715 to 5,521 kg ha-1 season-1. In contrast, the incoming dissolved nutrient (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) was trapped in the paddy field areas, varying between 7.20 and 13.62 kg N; 0.13 and0.20 kg P; and from 7.25 to 13.42 kg K ha-1 season-1. There were no significantly different among treatments, both for sediment and nutrient deposited. These results demonstrate that terraced paddy field system is not only place for producing rice, but also providing an environmental services, like nutrient and sediment conserving.
Water Movement in the Soil with Different Pore Characteristics and Its Effect to Crop Water Availability ENNI D. WAHJUNIE; O. HARIDJAJA; SOEDODO H.; . SUDARSONO
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

The understanding of water movement in the soils plays an important role for crop water availability. Up to now, crop water availability in dryland still has a problem. Rainfall is the main source of crop water availability in dryland, but it is unpredictable to cover crop water requirements. To optimize the crop water availability in dryland, the study of the relationship between water movement, rainfall, and soil pores characteristics in the soils is required. This research was aimed to investigate the water movement in the soils with different soil pores due to the difference of soil management. The study was conducted at three blocks of lands with the soil type of Inceptisols, located at Bojong Village, Kemang Sub DIstrict, Bogor District in 2006. The soils investigated were abandoned large frog (Ipomoea reptans), paddy, and peanuts that reflected soil management. The data measurements were focused on water content, rainfall, climatedata, water flux, transient water movement, and water distribution. The results showed that the water fluxes and the transient water movements were significantly affected by the amount of rainfall. The water fluxes in the abandoned peanuts were significantly higher than those at the other lands, while the transient water movements at abandoned paddy field were significantly higher than those at the land with large frog and peanuts. The soil water content during the growing season at the abandoned paddy field was significantly higher compared to the other lands. The amount of rainfall which are held in the soils during the growing season at the abandoned peanuts was significantly high. The result of this research can be use to estimate crop water requirement for irrigation.
Global Climate Indices and Its Effect on Extreme Climate Events in Indonesia ELZA SURMAINI; ERNI SUSANTI
Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim (Indonesian Soil and Climate Journal) No 28 (2008): Desember 2008
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jti.v0n28.2008.%p

Abstract

Many facts show that El-Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and Dipole Mode are closely related to rainfall event in Indonesia, but the magnitude of its impact varies with site. Therefore, it is needed to determine the most singnificant global climate indices that has closely related to Indonesian’s rainfall. The significant indices are able to be used in predicting rainfall in Indonesia.The objective of the present study is to detemine global climate indicators that have the significant effect to rainfall, climate/season anomaly, the occurence flood and drought in Indonesia. The study has been done through the following steps ; 1) regression analysis of rainfall with global climate indices of Sea Surface Temperatur Anomaly/SST in Nino 3.4 zone, Dipole mode Index (DMI), Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), interacton of SSTA with DMI, and interaction of SOI with DMI), 2) Plotting of rainfall anomaly and global climate indices for determining rainfall deviates with deviant of global climate forcing indices, 3) analysis of probability of exceedence for determining onset and lenght of wet season on climate extreme event, and 4) analysis impact of climate extreme event on flood and drougt occurences and damage areas of ricefield. The result showed that the closest relationship between global climate forcing indices and rainfall inIndonesia is SST in Nino 3.4 zone and only have significant relationship to rainfall in transisional season (August-November). Negative correlation between SST and rainfall indicates that the increase of SST anomaly causes the decrease of rainfall on August-November period. Probability of exceedance analysis showed that if the SST on September decrease below -0.5 -0.5 oC (indicate La-Niña event), the wet season will start earlier withlonger period. In contrast, if SST increases above 0.5 oC (indicate El-Niño event) the wet season will delay with shorter period. Impact of drought on damage of ricefield is more significant than the flood occurence.

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