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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences

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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 19783019 EISSN : 20864094 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences

HAYATI Journal of Biosciences (HAYATI J Biosci) publishes articles and short communication in tropical bioscience fields such as development, biotechnology, biodiversity and environmental issues. HAYATI J Biosci covers wide range of all life forms topics including virus, microbes, fungi, plants, animal and human. HAYATI J Biosci has been also indexed/registered in Crossref, DOAJ, CABI, EBSCO, Agricola and ProQuest.

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016" : 9 Documents clear

Habitat Preferences and Distribution of the Freshwater Shrimps of the Genus Caridina (Crustacea: Decapoda: Atyidae) in Lake Lindu, Sulawesi, Indonesia Annawaty Annawaty; Daisy Wowor; Achmad Farajallah; Dede Setiadi; Bambang Suryobroto
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The objectives of this study were to reveal ecological preferences and distribution of all species of Caridina found in Lake Lindu and their catchment area. Specimens from 39 sampling sites were caught using tray net and hand net. There are three species of Caridina found in the lake system, i.e. Caridina linduensis, Caridina kaili and Caridina dali. There is no overlapping distribution among the species. Caridina kaili is a true riverine species and it is never encountered sympatric with C. dali nor C. linduensis. This species is abundant in streams and ditches with moderate flow running water and gravel–cobble substrate. It is mainly spread within streams west to the lake. Both C. daliand C. linduensis can be found in the lake and streams with very slow current to almost stagnant water, muddy sand substrate and associated with roots of water plants and leaf litter. However, C. dali is never occurred together with C. linduensis and they are less abundant compare to C. kaili. Distribution of Caridina spp. in Lake Lindu is probably affected by the temperature of their habitats and the occurrence of introduced fish such as Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and an alien riceland prawn (Macrobrachium lanchesteri). These introduced and alien species can have the potency to become predators or competitors for the Caridina spp. It is also the first record for M. lanchesteri present in Lake Lindu.

The Effect of Mangiferin Against Brain Damage Caused by Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Doxorubicin Soni Siswanto; Wawaimuli Arozal; Vetnizah Juniantito; Agatha Grace; Femmi Dwinda Agustini; . Nafrialdi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline antibiotic used for anticancer therapy. However, this agent can cause various systemic side effects including cognitive impairments in chronic use. Brain damage due to DOX is caused by an increase of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) level in the brain. Increased TNF-α can further lead to chronic inflammation which can lead to neuronal deaths or neurodegenerative diseases. Mangiferin (MAG), a compound extracted from Mangifera indica, has been found neuroprotective activities, but its effect on DOX-induced brain damage is unknown. This study aims to determine the effect of MAG on brain damage induced by DOX. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were induced by DOX intraperitoneally. MAG was given orally at the doses of 30 and 60 mg/kg bw for 7 consecutive weeks. The parameters measured were inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in brain tissue. Coadministration of MAG with DOX reduced inflammation which was marked by the reduction of TNF-α mRNA expression, decreased TNF-α level and reduction of oxidative stress marked by increase of superoxide dismutase level and decrease of malondialdehyde level. In conclusion, MAG was shown to have a neuroprotective effect on brain damage induced by DOX, partly due to inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Diversity and Abundance of Cerambycid Beetles in the Four Major Land-use Types Found in Jambi Province, Indonesia . Fahri; Tri Atmowidi; Woro Anggraitoningsih Noerdjito
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Longhorn beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) have an important function in the ecosystem, i.e. bioindicators, saproxylic, pollinators, and as food of other organisms. Land cover changes due to land use can disrupt the natural balance of the ecosystem, which can result in a decrease of cerambycid diversity. Cerambycid species diversity was evaluated in four land types, i.e. jungle-rubber, rubber plantations, oil palm plantations, and felled jungle-rubber. Collections of cerambycid beetles were conducted by using artocarpus trap, made by freshly cut Artocarpus heterophyllus branches. Collections of beetles were made on day 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, and 16th after the traps were set up. In the four land-use types in Jambi province, we collected 72 species including 34 morphospecies of cerambycids, consisting of 42 species from the jungle-rubber, 39 species from rubber plantations, 16 species from oil palm plantations, and 28 species from felled jungle-rubber. Cerambycid diversity was highest in jungle-rubber (H' = 3.23), followed by rubber plantation (H' = 2.67), felled jungle-rubber (H' = 2.38), and oil palm plantations (H' = 2.01). Highest similarities of cerambycid communities occurred in the rubber plantation–felled jungle-rubber (51.2), followed by jungle-rubber–rubber plantation (50.0), rubber plantations–oil palm plantations (43.5), oil palm plantation–felled jungle-rubber (42.4), jungle-rubber–oil palm plantations (35.3), and jungle-rubber–felled jungle rubber (34.8). The number of cerambycid species and individuals collected was highest on day 7th.

Marine Microalgae Tetraselmis suecica as Flocculant Agent of Bio-flocculation Method Mujizat Kawaroe; Tri Prartono; Adriani Sunuddin; Deni Saputra
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Microalgae harvesting is an important part in microalgae cultivation system. Techniques for harvesting marine microalgae which are commonly used are centrifugation, filtration and flocculation. These techniques still have some disadvantages, such as not environment friendly, and high usage of energy and cost. Bio-flocculation harvesting technique using microalgae as a flocculant agent can be an alternative way to solve these problems. In this research, mixing of Tetraselmis suecica (flocculant) with Chlorellasp. and Nannochloropsis sp. (non-flocculant) in ratios of 1:4, 2:4, 3:4 and 4:4 (v/v) has been conducted to obtain percent recovery of marine microalgae harvest. The results showed that T. suecica as flocculant agent can fasten the harvesting of Chlorella sp. and Nannochloropsis sp. It was shown by the increase of percent recovery value of Chlorellasp. from 51.14 ± 1.07% to 67.34 ± 0.67% and Nannochloropsis sp. from 20.52 ± 1.17% to 42.43 ± 0.40% during the first hour of flocculating process. Our result showed that bio-flocculation is an environment friendly technique which can be applied to harvest marine microalgae.

Photosynthesis and Transpiration Rates of Rice Cultivated Under the System of Rice Intensification and the Effects on Growth and Yield Nurul Hidayati; . Triadiati; Iswandi Anas
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The system of rice intensification (SRI) crop management method has been reported by many authors to significantly increase rice yield with lower inputs, but physiological bases of yielding improvement has not been studied. In this research we assessed some physiological parameters and the mechanism of rice yield improvement of rice plants under SRI cultivation method during both vegetative and generative phases compared to conventional rice cultivation methods. We measured photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, leaf temperature, chlorophyll content, N and P uptake, plant growth parameters and yield for those comparison. SRI methods significantly increased both vegetative and reproductive (generative) parameters of rice plants compared to conventional cultivation methods. Photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll content, N and P uptake under SRI cultivation were significantly higher compared to those of the conventional rice cultivation, but no differences were found in transpiration rate and leaf temperature. With SRI method, plants in their generative phase (especially in the grain-filling phase) had the highest photosynthetic and the lowest transpiration rates. Grain yield under SRI method was significantly higher (ca. 24%) than that of conventional method.

Antibacterial Activity of Extracellular Protease Isolated From an Algicolous Fungus Xylaria psidii KT30 Against Gram-Positive Bacteria Taufik Indarmawan; Apon Zaenal Mustopa; Bugi Ratno Budiarto; Kustiariyah Tarman
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Infectious diseases became more serious problem for public health in recent years. Although existing antibacterial drugs have been relatively effective, they do not rule out the emergence of resistance to the drug. Therefore, the intensive exploration of new bioactive compounds from natural, especially peptide compounds began in recent decades in order-handling infection. This study aimed to isolate, purify and test the potential application of Xylaria psidii KT30 extracellular protease as antibacterial agent against Gram-positive bacteria. X. psidii KT30, a marine fungus isolated from red seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilisand Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial compounds of this fungus were predicted as a group of proteases. Extracellular protease exhibited an optimum activity when potato dextrose broth was used as cultivation medium. Furthermore, the highest activity of these proteases was found on fungal extract after day 15 of cultivation with value of 2.33 ± 0.19 U/mL. The partial purification of proteases using G-75 column chromatography resulted in 2 groups of fractions and showed protease activity based on zymogram assay. The extracellular proteases obtained from those fractions have 3 patterns of molecular mass based on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis which are 56.62, 89.12, 162.18 kDa.

Construction of RNA Interference Vector to Silence Aluminum Tolerance Gene Candidate in Rice cv Hawara Bunar Windarti Wahyuningtyas; Miftahudin Miftahudin; Utut Widyastuti; Aris Tjahjoleksono
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

One of the aluminum (Al) tolerance gene candidates, namely B11 gene, has been successfully isolated from Al-tolerant rice cv Hawara Bunar. However, the role of the gene in Al tolerance in rice has not been known. RNA interference (RNAi) technique is an effective tool to examine the biological function of the target gene in plant. The objective of the research was to construct RNAi recombinant vector carrying untranslated region of the B11 gene. RNAi recombinant vector carrying 195 bp sized 3′UTR_B11 fragment as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) trigger has been successfully constructed using GATEWAY™ cloning technology, pENTR™/D-TOPO® as a shuttle vector, and pANDA vector as a destination vector. RNAi construct was successfully introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens AgL0, and has been infected to rice cv Hawara Bunar. Analysis of putative transgenic rice showed eight of 20 plants were transgenic carrying the B11-RNAi construct.

Structure and Composition of Reptile Communities in Human Modified Landscape in Gianyar Regency, Bali Ida Ayu Ari Janiawati; Mirza Dikari Kusrini; Ani Mardiastuti
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

As one of the centres of tourism in Bali, Gianyar Regency has undergone a rapid development rate which could threaten wildlife, including reptile community. This research was carried out in July to October 2014 to (1) analyse the reptile community on various gradients of human modified landscape, (2) determine the relationship between environmental character and reptiles, and (3) determine body size trend of generalist species along landscape gradient. Standard visual encountered surveys were used to observe reptile community in four human modified landscape (settlements, rice fields, farmland/cropland, and monoculture stands). We found 21 species of reptiles (n = 602 individuals) and the Shannon–Wiener index for diversity was 1.78. Reptile abundance tends to decline in increasing level of modification. Water sources and vegetation cover were positively correlated to reptile community, while disturbance factors (i.e. decrease in area size and shorter distance to settlements) give negative impact to reptile community. There was no correlation between body size of generalist species of reptile (Gekko gecko) and level of landscape modification.

Molecular Phylogenetic Screening of Withania somnifera Relative From Indonesia Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer Region Topik Hidayati; Didik Priyandoko; Putri Yunitha Wardiny; Dina Karina Islami
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Withania somnifera (family Solanaceae), known commonly as Ashwaganda, is one of the important medicinal plants, and recent studies reported that Withanone, one of the chemical components in this plant, has ability to kill cancer cell. Because of endemic state of this plant to South Asia, exploring plant species under the same family which grow well in Indonesia has been of interest. The purpose of this study was to screen the Indonesian plant which has strong phylogenetic relationship with Ashwaganda. Thus, phylogenetic analysis using DNA sequences of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was conducted. Thus, 19 species of Solanaceae and two species of Convolvulaceae as outgroup were examined. Five ITS regions of Ashwaganda retrieved from GenBank were included in the phylogenetic analysis. Parsimony analysis showed that Indonesia Solanaceae comprises seven groups which is consistent with the global Solanaceae relationship as previously reported. Furthermore, our study revealed that two species, Physalis angulata and Physalis peruviana, are relative to W. somnifera. Morphologically, they share characters of flower and fruit. This result indicated that these two species are potential to have similar chemical properties as Ashwaganda, thus we can have new variants of Withanone originated from Indonesia with similar effect.

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