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Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis Induction of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) Susanti, Idha; Suharsono, Suharsono; Widyastuti, Utut; Siregar, Ulfah Juniarti; Tjahjoleksono, Aris
ANNALES BOGORIENSES Vol 21, No 2 (2017): Annales Bogorienses
Publisher : Research Center for Biotechnology - Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/ab.v21i2.223

The embryogenesis (SE) has important role for genetic engineering of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). However, the success of SE induction depend on plant growth regulator s (PGR)s and treatment enriched in induction media.Â This experiment tried to induce callus formation of cassava from several in vitro explants: immature leaf, apical bud, and internode; and to develop somatic embryogenesis of cassava in several media enriched with tyrosine and copper sulphate (CuSO4) added into media enrich with picloram as treatment.Â Different response of explants source to callus induction treatment from those three varieties in callus induction as well as friable callus formation were found in this experiment. The best medium to induce varied with variety; MS media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 0.5 mg/L CuSO4 was the best for âAdira 4â andÂ half MS and half GD media supplemented 12 mg/L picloram + 100 mg/L tyrosine for âMalang 6â.Â All treatments resulted somatic embryo which developed indirectly and in morphologically normal somatic embryos

Horizontal Gene Transfer and Population of Phyllosphere Bacteria on Transgenic and Nontransgenic Cotton ROHANI CINTA BADIA GINTING; ANTONIUS SUWANTO; ARIS TJAHJOLEKSONO
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 12 No. 3 (2005): September 2005
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

The possibility of horizontal gene transfer of plant genomic DNA and bacteria in the soil, particularly as this relates to the possible transfer of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, has been seen as hazard associated with genetically engineered plants. It is hypothesized that introduction of bacterial genes into the plant genome leads to a higher probability of gene transfer from plants to bacteria due to the presence of homologous sequences. Bollgard (BG) cotton was constructed through the introduction of cry1A(c) gene, encodes for insecticidal activity againts Lepidopteran pests, together with genes for spectinomycin/streptomycin resistant (aad) and kanamycin resistant (nptII), into the genome of a conventional cotton variety, Delta Pine (DP). The aim of this study were to evaluate the ability of naturally competent Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain ADP1 to take up and integrate transgenic plant DNA based on homologous recombination under optimized laboratory condition, and to compare phyllosphere microbial population resistant to antibiotic on leaves of transgenic and nontransgenic plant. The results showed that transformation of ADP1 cells with Bollgard DNA was not detected on nitrocellulose membrane nor in sterile soil. Total phyllosphere bacterial population on leaves collected from one month after planting were 1.3 x 108 and 1.6 x 108 cfu/g leave fresh weight for BG and DP, respectively. Samples collected after three month contained 5.9 x 107 and 7.1 x 107 cfu/g leave fresh weight for BG and DP, respectively. This study also showed that there was no significant difference of phyllosphere bacterial population resistant to streptomycin and kanamycin on leaves of BG or DP samples collected from one or three month after planting.

Construction of RNA Interference Vector to Silence Aluminum Tolerance Gene Candidate in Rice cv Hawara Bunar Windarti Wahyuningtyas; Miftahudin Miftahudin; Utut Widyastuti; Aris Tjahjoleksono
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 2 (2016): April 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

One of the aluminum (Al) tolerance gene candidates, namely B11 gene, has been successfully isolated from Al-tolerant rice cv Hawara Bunar. However, the role of the gene in Al tolerance in rice has not been known. RNA interference (RNAi) technique is an effective tool to examine the biological function of the target gene in plant. The objective of the research was to construct RNAi recombinant vector carrying untranslated region of the B11 gene. RNAi recombinant vector carrying 195 bp sized 3′UTR_B11 fragment as a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) trigger has been successfully constructed using GATEWAY™ cloning technology, pENTR™/D-TOPO® as a shuttle vector, and pANDA vector as a destination vector. RNAi construct was successfully introduced into Agrobacterium tumefaciens AgL0, and has been infected to rice cv Hawara Bunar. Analysis of putative transgenic rice showed eight of 20 plants were transgenic carrying the B11-RNAi construct.

Alkaline Phosphatase Activity of Plant Growth-Promoting Actinomycetes and Their Genetic Diversity Based on the phoD Gene Muhammad Faiz Amri; Edi Husen; Aris Tjahjoleksono; Aris Tri Wahyudi
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 29 No. 3 (2022): May 2022
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.29.3.360-369

Actinomycete is one of the beneficial bacteria groups inhabiting rhizosphere soil. They can promote plant growth through various mechanisms. In the previous study we have isolated rhizosphere actinomycetes from maize rhizosphere with direct plant growth promotion characters. The aims of the present study were to analyze the ability of maize rhizosphere actinomycetes to solubilize phosphate, determine alkaline phosphatase activity, and study their genetic diversity based on phoD gene. Thirteen rhizosphere actinomycete isolates were able to solubilize phosphate at concertation range 55.84±2.27 mg/L to 144.48±5.71 mg/L. The activity of extracellular alkaline phosphatase was exhibited by all maize rhizosphere actinomycetes isolates in various level ranging from 0.08 mU/mL to 0.51 mU/mL. The phoD gene, one of the three homologous genes which encode alkaline phosphatases, was successfully detected in all isolates and identified as alkaline phosphatase D of Streptomyces spp. The partial phoD sequences of the isolates were located within metallophosphatase domain of alkaline phosphatase D. Alignment analysis showed that the deduced amino acid sequences of PhoD were mostly conserved in the isolates and Streptomyces spp. Essential residues involved in the active core arrangement of PhoD which binds metal ion cofactors were conserved. Constructed phylogenetic tree showed that the isolates were divided into two groups within PhoD cluster. PhoD of the isolates and Streptomyces spp. had closer relationship to purple acid phosphatase compared to other homologous PhoA and PhoX which form separate cluster. Generated three-dimensional structure model of partial PhoD had high similarity to alkaline phosphatase D of Bacillus subtilis (2YEQ) and showed overlapping structure based on super-positioning analysis.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK BEBERAPA ISOLAT Phytophthora palmivora PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR BUAH PADA KELAPA BERDASARKAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) HIASINTA F. J. MOTULO; MEITY S. SINAGA; SIENTJE MANDANG; ARIS TJAHJOLEKSONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.154-158

Profil pita DNA 16 isolat Phytoplhora palmivora yang dikoleksi dari pertanaman kelapa terserang penyakit gugur buah telah dikarakterisasi berdasarkan random amplfied polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Keragaman genetik di antara 16 isolat sangat tinggi yaitu 40.6%. Dengan mengguna¬ kan 9 jenis primer acak dari Operon Alameda pada tingkat kesamaan 80% didapatkan dua kelompok RAPD yang berbeda. Kelompok I terdiri atas isolate 94P20 dari Sumatera Barat, 93P26 dari Lampung, dan 93P104 dari Tumaluntung, Sulawesi Utara. Kelompok II terdiri atas 3 isolat yaitu 93P54 dari Aceh, PKW dan 99P01 dari Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, sedangkan sembilan isolate lainnya mcngelompok tcrpisah satu sama lainnya.Kata kunci: Kelapa, Cocos nucifera, Pylophlhora palmivora, keragaman genetik, RAPD ABSTRACT Genetic diversity of some Phytophthora palmivora isolates causes nutfall disease on coconut plantation based on the Random Amplied Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)A total of 16 isolates of Phytophthora palmivora obtained rom diseased coconut plants showing nutfall disease were characterized by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). By using nine primers of Operon Alameda, two distinct RAPD groups with 80% similarity were obtained. Genetic diversity (using the distance matrix method) among 16 isolates of P. palmivora were highly different at 40.6%. Group 1 contained 3 isolates i.e. 94P20 from West Sumatera, 93P26 from Lampung, and 93P104 rom Tumaluntung, North Sulawesi. Group II contained 3 isolates i.e. 93P54 rom Aceh, PKW and 99P01 from Pakuwon, West Jawa, while other 9 isolates formed separated single group.Key words : Coconut, Cocos nucfera, Phytophthora palmivora, genetic diversity, RAPD

Obtaining of transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar IPB CP3 containing LYZ‐C gene resistant to bacterial wilt disease Pasmawati Pasmawati; Aris Tjahjoleksono; Suharsono Suharsono
Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology Vol 26, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ijbiotech.61682

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most important bacterial diseases in potato production. This study aimed to obtain the transgenic potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivar IPB CP3, containing LYZ‐C gene encoding for lysozyme type C, resistant to bacterial disease caused by R. solanacearum. Genetic transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 to 124 internode explants resulted in the transformation efficiency of about 47.58% with a regeneration efficiency of approximately 30.51%. Gene integration analysis showed that 16 clones were confirmed as transgenic clones containing the LYZ‐C gene. Analysis of resistance to R. solanacearum of three transgenic clones showed that all three transgenic clones were more resistant than a non‐transgenic one. This result showed that the LYZ‐C gene integrated in the genome of transgenic potato increased the resistance of potato plants to R. solanacearum. We obtained two transgenic clones considered resistant to bacterial wilt disease.

Pertumbuhan Planlet Lidah Mertua (Sansevieria sp.) Blue Leaf dari Kultur Kalus Diah Ratnadewi; Ai Nurhasanah Husnul Izzati; Aris Tjahjoleksono
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 1 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.1.1.15-18

Lidah mertua (Sansevieria sp.) Blue Leaf is a slow growing ornamental plant. It is also difficult to reproduce. Therefore market demands for this plant is impossible to fulfill through conventional methods of propagation such as leaf cutting or layering. Tissue culture is one of the alternatives to solve the problem of plant propagation. In vitro culture of Sansevieria calli was induced for shooting, and rooting afterwards. The basic media of WP was superior than MS in producing multiple shoots, and this WP media containing of BAP 5 mg/L and NAA 0,5 mg/L (WH1) gave the highest number of shoots and leaves on plantlets, as well as the best growth performance. The shoots started to appear two weeks after culture. Plantlets from WH1 rooted in higher frequency as well on rooting media. A mixture of compost, sand, and zeolit (4:4:1) enriched with a nutritive solution, composting of 1⁄4 WP plus IBA 0.5 mg/L, was a poreous media that was able to induce rooting of this plant.

Analisis Metabolomik pada Interaksi Padi dan Bakteri: Metabolomics Analysis on the Interaction of Rice and Bacteria Brian Theowidavitya; Mafrikhul Muttaqin; Miftahudin; Aris Tjahjoleksono
Jurnal Sumberdaya Hayati Vol. 5 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Institut Pertanian Bogor

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jsdh.5.1.18-24

Mutualistic plant-microbe interaction can increase the availability or absorption of nutrients and affect plant metabolism. Metabolomics is the study of all metabolites contained in living beings at a specific time. This research aims to study the effect of metanotrophic bacteria (BGM 9 isolate) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (ITJ 7 isolate) on rice plant growth and reveal the information about metabolites produced by rice plant interacting with the bacteria. Three rice plant varieties (Ciherang, Hawara Bunar, and IR64) were grown on liquid media (Yoshida solution) and were inoculated with the bacteria five weeks after planting. Metabolites in the liquid media were detected seven days after inoculation using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and analyzed using MassLynx v4.1. The results showed that the bacterial inoculation had significant effect on rice growth. Chromatograms resulted from LC-MS showed there are 34 unique peaks from Ciherang, 21 unique peaks from Hawara Bunar, and 30 unique peaks from IR64. The unique peaks in each variety were affected by the bacteria inoculation treatments.

IDENTIFIKASI MARKA GEN KETAHANAN HAWAR DAUN BAKTERI PADA GALUR PADI INTRODUKSI DAN GALUR DIHAPLOID Ovi Prasetya Winandari; Aris Tjahjoleksono .; Dwinita Wikan Utami
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 14 No. 2 (2014): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Identification marker of bacterial leaf blight (BLB) gene resistance on introducted and dihaploid rice germplasm. Bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is one of the most devastating diseases in rice. The use of BLB-resistant rice varieties is one of the most efficient ways to protect rice from this disease. BLB-resistant varieties can be produced through the breeding program by using the diverse rice germplasm. The objective of this research was to identify BLB resistance gene on 37 introducted and dihaploid rice lines derived from wide genetic background double crossing from local rice : IR54/Parekaligolara and Bio110/Markuti, by using the molekular markers. As control plant used 23 differential varieties (monogenic lines/IRBB) and TN1 (susceptible). All plants tested were inoculated by 3 selected dominant BLB races (Race III, IV dan VIII). The selected of 19 polymorphism molecular markers used to identify the BLB resistance genes on rice lines tested. The result of this research showed that 4 rice lines were resistance to all BLB races tested. Three molecular markers were specific associated with resistant gene to Race III (Xa7-STS40, Xa1-STS14 and Xa4-STS50); Race IV (Xa1-STS5, Xa4-STS50 and Xa26-STS1), and Race VIII (Xa21-STS6, Xa7-RM20590 and Xa7-STS40). These markers could be utilized for the selection process the developmen of BLB resistance rice lines breeding program.

KERAGAMAN GENETIK BEBERAPA ISOLAT Phytophthora palmivora PENYEBAB PENYAKIT GUGUR BUAH PADA KELAPA BERDASARKAN PENANDA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) HIASINTA F. J. MOTULO; MEITY S. SINAGA; SIENTJE MANDANG; ARIS TJAHJOLEKSONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 10, No 4 (2004): Desember, 2004
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v10n4.2004.154-158

Profil pita DNA 16 isolat Phytoplhora palmivora yang dikoleksi dari pertanaman kelapa terserang penyakit gugur buah telah dikarakterisasi berdasarkan random amplfied polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Keragaman genetik di antara 16 isolat sangat tinggi yaitu 40.6%. Dengan mengguna¬ kan 9 jenis primer acak dari Operon Alameda pada tingkat kesamaan 80% didapatkan dua kelompok RAPD yang berbeda. Kelompok I terdiri atas isolate 94P20 dari Sumatera Barat, 93P26 dari Lampung, dan 93P104 dari Tumaluntung, Sulawesi Utara. Kelompok II terdiri atas 3 isolat yaitu 93P54 dari Aceh, PKW dan 99P01 dari Pakuwon, Jawa Barat, sedangkan sembilan isolate lainnya mcngelompok tcrpisah satu sama lainnya.Kata kunci: Kelapa, Cocos nucifera, Pylophlhora palmivora, keragaman genetik, RAPD ABSTRACT Genetic diversity of some Phytophthora palmivora isolates causes nutfall disease on coconut plantation based on the Random Amplied Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)A total of 16 isolates of Phytophthora palmivora obtained rom diseased coconut plants showing nutfall disease were characterized by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD). By using nine primers of Operon Alameda, two distinct RAPD groups with 80% similarity were obtained. Genetic diversity (using the distance matrix method) among 16 isolates of P. palmivora were highly different at 40.6%. Group 1 contained 3 isolates i.e. 94P20 from West Sumatera, 93P26 from Lampung, and 93P104 rom Tumaluntung, North Sulawesi. Group II contained 3 isolates i.e. 93P54 rom Aceh, PKW and 99P01 from Pakuwon, West Jawa, while other 9 isolates formed separated single group.Key words : Coconut, Cocos nucfera, Phytophthora palmivora, genetic diversity, RAPD

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